用PCR方法检测土壤中类鼻疽假单胞菌的研究

目的建立一种灵敏、特异的检测土壤中类鼻疽假单胞菌的聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法.方法用类鼻疽假单胞菌鞭毛蛋白的基因作引物,用PCR扩增的方法检测6种土壤中不同浓度的类鼻疽假单胞菌和3个假单胞菌属的3种对照菌.结果用鞭毛蛋白基因作引物的PCR方法具有高灵敏度,其他3种对照结果阴性.结论用类鼻疽假单胞菌鞭毛蛋白基因作引物建立的PCR方法为检测土壤中类鼻疽假单胞菌提供了科学依据.     

烧伤病房感染患者铜绿假单胞菌的分离及耐药性分析

目的 了解烧伤病房感染患者铜绿假单胞菌耐药谱的变化,为防治烧伤病区患者感染铜绿假单胞菌提供合理用药依据.方法 常规方法收集同一时间烧伤病房9名感染患者的患部浓汁和血液标本,分离鉴定出9株铜绿假单胞菌,K-B法进行药敏试验及统计学分析.结果 9株铜绿假单胞菌对氨苄西林、哌拉西林、亚胺培南/西司他丁、头孢他啶、氨曲南、阿米卡星、复方磺胺等11种抗菌药物耐药率均为100%.结论 烧伤病房感染患者铜绿假单胞菌耐药现象严重,应注意铜绿假单胞菌耐药性的监测.     

沼泽红假单胞菌培养基的优化及降氨氮作用的研究

对沼泽红假单胞菌的培养基进行了优化,并对其降氨氮效果进行了研究.结果表明:沼泽红假单胞菌可以利用多种碳源和氮源,乳酸和草酸铵是实验室培养沼泽红假单胞菌的最适碳源和氮源,乳酸根的质量浓度及碳氮比对沼泽红假单胞菌生长具有显著影响,而磷酸根浓度对沼泽红假单胞菌生长没有显著影响;用正交试验获得最适于培养沼泽红假单胞菌的乳酸质量浓度为1%,碳氮比为1.5,磷酸二氢钾的质量浓度为1.5 g/L;在自然光照、30 ℃条件下,沼泽红假单胞菌的延滞期为2 d,对数生长期为2～10 d,稳定期为10～20 d;沼泽红假单胞菌具有很强的综合降氨氮作用,但其降氨氮效果受水质的影响而不稳定.     

藏药螃蟹甲提取物体外抗菌作用研究

目的:观察藏药螃蟹甲干燥块根水、乙醇、乙醚提取物体外抗耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌的抗菌活性。方法:以琼脂稀释法测定螃蟹甲干燥块根水、乙醇、乙醚提取物对33株耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌及标准菌株ATCC27853、25922、25923的MIC、MIC50及MIC90,并计算其累积抑菌率。结果:螃蟹甲干燥块根水、乙醇提取物对标准菌株ATCC27853、25922、25923的MIC分别为26.04mg/ml、52.08mg/ml、13.02mg/ml;62.5mg/ml、125mg/ml、62.5mg/ml;各浓度乙醚提取物平板上均有菌生。水、乙醇提取物对33株耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌的MIC50、及MIC90分别为52.08mg/ml、62.5mg/ml;104.17mg/ml、125mg/ml。结论:藏药螃蟹甲干燥块根水、乙醇提取物对耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌具有明显抗菌作用;乙醚提取物无明显抗菌作用。     

藏药螃蟹甲提取物体外抗菌作用研究

目的：观察藏药螃蟹甲干燥块根水、乙醇、乙醚提取物体外抗耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌的抗菌活性。方法：以琼脂稀释法测定螃蟹甲干燥块根水、乙醇、乙醚提取物对33株耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌及标准菌株ATCC27853、25922、25923的MIC、MIC50及MIC90,并计算其累积抑菌率。结果：螃蟹甲干燥块根水、乙醇提取物对标准菌株ATCC27853、25922、25923的MIC分别为26.04mg/ml、52.08mg/ml、13.02mg/ml;62.5mg/ml、125mg/ml、62.5mg/ml;各浓度乙醚提取物平板上均有菌生。水、乙醇提取物对33株耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌的MIC50、及MIC90分别为52.08mg/ml、62.5mg/ml;104.17mg/ml、125mg/ml。结论：藏药螃蟹甲干燥块根水、乙醇提取物对耐亚胺培南铜绿假单胞菌具有明显抗菌作用;乙醚提取物无明显抗菌作用。     

标本中铜绿假单胞菌的临床分布及耐药情况

目的分析我院铜绿假单胞菌临床分布及耐药情况,为临床合理选用抗生素提供依据。方法采用K-B纸片扩散法对临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌进行抗生素敏感性测定,对检测结果进行对比统计分析。结果分离出的27株铜绿假单胞菌主要来源于痰,临床主要分布于脑外科与呼吸内科,对铜绿假单胞菌保持抗菌活性较强同时耐药率〈30%的抗生素有亚胺培南（IPM）,阿米卡星（AMK）,头孢他啶（CAZ）,左氧氟沙星等,但复方新诺明（SXT）耐药率为92.6%,头孢噻肟耐药率为60.6%,原来被认为抗铜绿假单胞菌较为有效的头孢呱酮耐药率也升至60.0%。结论铜绿假单胞菌对常用抗生素耐药率高,建议根据药敏结果,采用有效药物单一或联合疗法,以控制细菌耐药性的增长。     

标本中铜绿假单胞菌的临床分布及耐药情况

目的分析我院铜绿假单胞菌临床分布及耐药情况,为临床合理选用抗生素提供依据。方法采用K-B纸片扩散法对临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌进行抗生素敏感性测定,对检测结果进行对比统计分析。结果分离出的27株铜绿假单胞菌主要来源于痰,临床主要分布于脑外科与呼吸内科,对铜绿假单胞菌保持抗菌活性较强同时耐药率<30%的抗生素有亚胺培南(IPM),阿米卡星(AMK),头孢他啶(CAZ),左氧氟沙星等,但复方新诺明(SXT)耐药率为92.6%,头孢噻肟耐药率为60.6%,原来被认为抗铜绿假单胞菌较为有效的头孢呱酮耐药率也升至60.0%。结论铜绿假单胞菌对常用抗生素耐药率高,建议根据药敏结果,采用有效药物单一或联合疗法,以控制细菌耐药性的增长。     

铜绿假单胞菌多重耐药性分子机制的研究

铜绿假单胞菌是重要的医院感染条件致病菌.由于各种抗生素的广泛使用,细菌耐药问题日趋严重,导致了铜绿假单胞菌产生了很强的耐药性而且多重耐药,铜绿假单胞菌通过多种途径产生耐药.而从分子水平对其耐药性机制进行研究具有重要意义.     

解酚假单胞菌的分离及毒物降解的特点

在假单胞菌中有些株可以降解芳香类有机物,另一些株可以抗重金属.某些芳环化合物如苯酚等,及含汞的化合物都是可以造成环境污染的有毒物质.对假单胞菌降解水杨酸等芳香化合物的途径已有一些了解,但少有涉及代谢的调控问题.本文报道一株从化学工业污染区域新分离到的假单胞菌.这株菌不但可以降解水杨酸、苯甲酸及邻苯二酚,而且还能降解毒性较强的苯酚,并具有耐受一定浓度Hg~(2+)的能力,是一株有前途的去污染工程菌.对该菌降解混合芳香化合物的研究发现,邻苯二酚在这些芳香化合物降解代谢中是一个具有调节作用的物质.     

沼泽红假单胞菌对小鼠免疫功能影响的试验研究

为探讨沼泽红假单胞菌对动物免疫功能的影响,采用不同菌液浓度的沼泽红假单胞菌饲喂小鼠,检测小鼠免疫器官(脾脏和胸腺)实质重量、巨噬细胞吞噬能力、外周血淋巴细胞转化率以及肠黏膜SIgA等指标,分析沼泽红假单胞菌对试验小鼠免疫功能的影响.结果显示,饲喂沼泽红假单胞菌可促进小鼠的体重增长,脾脏和胸腺的重量增加(P0.05);促进机体巨噬细胞吞噬率、淋巴细胞转化率以及肠黏膜SIgA的变化(P0.05).结论:采用沼泽红假单胞菌饲喂小鼠可提高其机体的免疫能力.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-