论爱默生其人其诗

Ralph Waldo Emerson, born in 19th century's America, is most famous for his transcendental ideas and writings. He was deeply influenced by European Romanticism in his thirties and formed an informal Transcendental Club with people of like minds. His thought is often considered the core of Transcendentalism. "Nature" is the fundamental document of his philosophy and an embodiment of his transcendental attitude towards the phenomenal world. He also wrote some other brilliant essays such as "The American Scholar", "Self-Reliance", "The Over-Soul" and "The Poet", etc, all of which established his indisputable position in the history of culture, especially in the American Culture where he is regarded as the one who, in literally terms at least, really put America on map. But considering Emerson's writings without significant emphasis on his verse would be a great loss. Emerson wrote poetry from the time he was a boy to nearly the end of his life. These poems are essential for understanding him and his transcendental theories and are receiving more extensive representation in anthologies while significant critical analyses are emerging though some modern readers and scholars tend to view his poetry as secondary to the "essential" Emerson. In view of the above, this paper supposes to introduce Emerson's views on poets and poems and then analyze some of his famous poems in the order of 'Emerson as a Poet', 'Emerson's Views on Poets and Poems' and 'Emerson's Poems' with the third one as the focus of this paper. The purpose of this paper is to try to make the comprehension on Emerson and his abstract transcendental theories more complete and thorough by emphasizing his contribution in the poetic field.     

On the humanism in Charles Dickens'''' David Copperfield

Charles Dickens was the main representative of English realist in nineteenth century.He was one of the vast host of Victorian novelists.He saw astonishing changes:during his lifetime Britain was transformed from a predominantly rural economy to a major industrial power.Transport,mass communications,education,legal and parliamentary structures.He created fourteen novels in his life.Dickens's activities and creation in his lifetime always kept step with trend of the times.In his works he devoted himself to disclose bourgeoisie's greed and cruelty,and at the same he expressed the deep sympathy with workers and farmers,especially women and children.Dickens considered humanism as the main idea throughout all his works,he eulogized genuineness,goodness,and happiness of human nature.He also hankered a more rationalization society and a more wonderful life.     

Forming of magnesium alloy microtubes in the fabrication of biodegradable stents

Magnesium alloys have, in recent years, been recognized as highly promising biodegradable materials, especially for vascular stent applications. Forming of magnesium alloys into high-precision thin-wall tubes has however presented a technological barrier in the fabrication of vascular stents, because of the poor workability of magnesium at room temperature. In the present study, the forming processes, i.e., hot indirect extrusion and multi-pass cold drawing were used to fabricate seamless microtubes of a magnesium alloy. The magnesium alloy ZM21 was selected as a representative biomaterial for biodegradable stent applications. Microtubes with an outside diameter of 2.9 mm and a wall thickness of 0.2 mm were successfully produced at the fourth pass of cold drawing without inter-pass annealing. Dimensional evaluation showed that multipass cold drawing was effective in correcting dimensional non-uniformity arising from hot indirect extrusion. Examinations of the microstructures of microtubes revealed the generation of a large number of twins as a result of accumulated work hardening at the third and fourth passes of cold drawing, corresponding to the significantly raised forming forces. The work demonstrated the viability of the forming process route selected for the fabrication of biodegradable magnesium alloy microtubes.     

Brief Biography of Professor Shangjiang Guo

正Dr.Shangjiang Guo is the Professor and Associate Dean at College of Mathematics and Econometrics,Hu'nan University.He received his PhD in Applied Mathematics from Hu'nan University in 2004.He joined the College of Mathematics and Econometrics,Hu'nan University as an Assistant Professor in2001,and was promoted to Associate Professor in 2005,and then Full Professor in 2008.He worked as a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Imperial College London(funded by the Royal Society)for the period of June 2005-June 2006,and as a Post-     

Liquid-phase aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol catalyzed by mechanochemically synthesized manganese oxide

Benzyl alcohol oxidation by molecular oxygen using solid manganese oxide as a catalyst and n-heptane as the solvent was studied in the liquid phase. The catalyst was synthesized by a simple mechanochemical process at room temperature and was characterized by different physical methods. The catalyst was highly active and 100% selective for benzyl alcohol conversion to benzaldehyde. The solid catalyst can be recovered from the reaction mixture by simple filtration and can be re-used. We found n-heptane to be an excellent solvent for the oxidation reaction, and that the catalyst did not leach into solution.     

How A Later Scene in Hamlet Makes Use of An Earlier One

Hamlet,the first of the great tragedies,is generally regarded as Shakespeare’s most popular play on the stage,for it has the qualities of a "blood-and-thunder" thriller and a philosophical exploration of life and death.The play opens with Hamlet,Prince of Denmark,appearing in a mood of world-weariness occasioned by his father’s recent death and by his mother’s hasty remarriage with Claudius,his father’s brother.Shakespeare is good at describing the characters,controlling the languages,and he is a master to arrange the scene of drama,as well.He knows how to make use of an earlier scene in the later scene.I will explain it from the the death of Polonius and the scenes of Ophelia.     

On “A Rose for Emily”

William Faulkner is regarded as one of the leading American authors of the Twentieth Century and the leading representative of"Southern Literature. "His writings draw the attention of not only the Americans but also the whole world. From many aspects, he is an original writer. His subject matter, his originality of working out the plot, and his unusual artistic style let him stand like a firm and erect reef in the fast changing Western literary currents. It is owing to his outstanding contribution to world litreature that he was awarded The Nobel Prize for Literature in 1950.     

Determination of Selenium in Water by Vortex-Assisted Cloud-Point Extraction Combination with Fluorescence Detection

A simple vortex-assisted cloud-point extraction( VA-CPE) method combined with the fluorescence( FL)strategy was developed to extract and determine inorganic Se( IV) in environmental water. Toluene was used as an extraction reagent,and Se( VI) was reduced to Se( IV) by subjecting its solution in 4 mol/L HCl to microwave heating for generating a yellow piazselenol complex using 3,3'-diaminobenzidine( DAB) and Se( IV). The concentration of the complex exhibited an excellent linear relation with the FL at 560 nm with an excitation wavelength of 420 nm. In addition,the effects of the toluene volume,p H,and VACPE parameters were investigated and the interference from coexisting ions was also studied. This method was successfully applied to determine the concentration selenium in environmental water samples with a detection limit of0.05 μg/L in the line range from 0.50 μg/L to 50.00 μg/L.     

Magnaporthe oryzae MTP1 gene encodes a type III transmembrane protein involved in conidiation and conidial germination

In this study the MTP1 gene, encoding a type III integral transmembrane protein, was isolated from the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. The Mtp 1 protein is 520 amino acids long and is comparable to the Ytp 1 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with 46% sequence similarity. Prediction programs and MTP1-GFP （green fluorescent protein） fusion expression results indicate that Mtp 1 is a protein located at several membranes in the cytoplasm. The functions of the MTP1 gene in the growth and development of the fungus were studied using an MTP1 gene knockout mutant. The MTP1 gene was primarily expressed at the hyphal and conidial stages and is necessary for conidiation and conidial germination, but is not required for pathogenicity. The Amtpl mutant grew more efficiently than the wild type strain on non-fermentable carbon sources, implying that the MTP1 gene has a unique role in respiratory growth and carbon source use.     

Low-cost solid FeS lubricant as a possible alternative to MoS<Subscript>2</Subscript> for producing Fe-based friction materials

Three reaction systems of MoS₂-Fe, FeS-Fe, and FeS-Fe-Mo were designed to investigate the use of FeS as an alternative to MoS₂ for producing Fe-based friction materials. Samples were prepared by powder metallurgy, and their phase compositions, microstructures, mechanical properties, and friction performance were characterized. The results showed that MoS₂ reacts with the matrix to produce iron-sulfides and Mo when sintered at 1050℃. Iron-sulfides produced in the MoS₂-Fe system were distributed uniformly and continuously in the matrix, leading to optimal mechanical properties and the lowest coefficient of friction among the systems studied. The lubricity observed was hypothesized to originate from the iron-sulfides produced. The FeS-Fe-Mo system showed a phase composition, porosity, and density similar to those of the MoS₂-Fe system, but an uneven distribution of iron-sulfides and Mo in this system resulted in less-optimal mechanical properties. Finally, the FeS-Fe system showed the poorest mechanical properties among the systems studied because of the lack of Mo reinforcement. In friction tests, the formation of a sulfide layer contributed to a decrease in coefficient of friction (COF) in all of the samples.     

Professor Andrew Chi Chih Yao： Developing China＇s Computer Science

It was for Tsinghua University Professor Andrew Chi-chih Yao just a routine Thursday schedule. First he gave a lesson in the morning to the Pilot Computer Science class. With two foreign scholars, he conducted a seminar at 2：00 that afternoon for graduate students. By late that afternoon, Professor Yao was ready to turn to his own research. It was just a very common day for Tsinghua University＇s Professor Yao.[第一段]     

Reduction behavior of hematite in the presence of coke

The reduction kinetics of hematite in the presence of coke as a reductant was studied via isothermal and non-isothermal thermodynamic analyses. The isothermal reduction of hematite was conducted at a pre-determined temperature ranging from 1423 to 1573 K. The results indicated that a higher reduction temperature led to an increased reduction degree and an increased reduction rate. The non-isothermal reduction of hematite was carried out from room temperature to 1573 K at various heating rates from 5 to 15 K·min-1. A greater heating rate gave a greater reduction rate but decreased reduction degree. With an increase in temperature, both the reduction rate and the reduction degree increased at a smaller rate when the temperature was less than 1150 K, and they increased at a higher rate when the temperature was greater than 1150 K before completion of the reduction reaction. Both the isothermal and the non-isothermal reduction behaviors of hematite were described by the Avrami–Erofeev model. For the isothermal reduction, the apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor were 171.25 kJ·mol-1 and 1.80×105 min-1, respectively. In the case of non-isothermal reduction, however, the apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor were correlated with the heating rate.     

Gregory Probert My Dream of A Healthcare Empire

In 2006,Gregory Probert just tumed forty nine years old.He is now the COO and President oi Herballfe,a US-based rnultinational nutritional supplement company which devel- ops weight management products. Mr Probed,acquiring a Master degree from the University of Southern Cahfomia and MBA from the State University of California,has been conesid- ered as a top businessman in the world band on his succees in the business realm.The US Stock Exchange Website says his salary is USD 750,000,what is more, his approximate income in 2005 climbed up to the amaz- ing USD 2 million. The company he works for has also created rounds of new historic miracles.This company focuses on weight management,nutritional supplement and per- sonal care,and has gained vital forces after undergo- ing the founder's sudden death,the temporary inac- tion of senior mangers and the fast decline in market shares.It was under the leadership of Gregory Probert and CEO Michael O.Johnson that per share of Herbalife soared from USD14 to USD30 and even to USD 40 after the company went public in New York Security Exchange in December 2004.“Business is never about boring statistics.It involves individual ambition and passion What qualification does a business leader who can turn failure into success actually needs?When he is changing the situation, what steps should he adopt?”Well-built Gregory Probert is gray-haired and deep- eyed Gregory Probert,wearing a gray suit and brown leather shoes was sitting in the sofa coyly.He looks younger than in pictures published in business magazines Being a personable person,his eyes also contain great leadership On November 13 having flown over the Pacific Ocean, Mr Gregory Probed shared his challenges in the past years and expectations for the future with Health & Wealth in the deluxe conference room in China Hotel in Guangzhou His views ior the health industry in the future have guided and led him to today's business philosophy.He reminded us continuously:“Although we keep taking the Liftoff,an energy drink of Herbalife”, what motivates him the most is a dream to build a nutri- tion and health empire,which means to turn the tri- leaf sign of Herbalffe into a Disney Mickey Mouse in terms of its qlobal reputation and influence. He did not want to share too much of his past and family with others.On the contrary,he talked a lot about Herbalife and Percy Chin who was promoted to be the Managing Di- rector of the Greater China region in July and about Percy's management team in China.Gregory Probert,who is so differ- ent from self-boasting business leaders, is a man of moderate nature and can share glory with colleagues and take care of distnbutors with sufficient respect.     

On The Duality of Robinson Crusoe＇s character

Defoe ischiefly remembered asthe author of Robinson Crusoe today,hismaster piece based on a real fact. In thisstory,Robinson Crusoe was described as a hero,an empire builder,and a super man. People like to talk about Robinson Crusoe,with his adventure and ev-erything he had done when he was facing the obstacles. To some people,Robinson is a giant,a super man,and perfect in all aspects. While some other people think that Robinson has his limits and flaws. This paper deals with his dual nature as an ordinary human being,which guiding directly to the life befalls him.     

Earthquake Disaster Simulation for an Urban Area, with GIS, CAD,FEA, and VR Integration

For a disaster whose scale includes an urban area, it is difficult to be studied with physical experiments. Numerical simulation is found a very efficient tool for such problem. This paper aims at developing an integrated urban earthquake simulation system (UESS) that uses GIS as the model source, CAD as the model generating tools, FEA as damage prediction, and virtual reality (VR) as the post-process platform. An automatic procedure was developed to buildup the 3D structural model of buildings in an urban area, as well as to simulate their earthquake performances, from the digital map of GIS. And the simulation results were presented in an integrated interface with a GIS view-port for position finding, a CAD view-port for 3D structural damage identification, and a VR view-port for 3D dynamic structural vibration display. An urban example with more than 7000 buildings was select to demonstrate the feasibility of proposed system.     

On Ernest Hemingway＇s Views about Women

Emest Hermngway is famous for his ＂masculinity＂ style in his writing. Meanwhile, he also describes female characters and their strengths and reveals his own sensitivity to gender issues. His early exposure to women is from his upbringing dominatrix. His failure on marriage plays an important role on his works. In his mind, women are the combination of angel and evil. They act elegantly and attract men＇s heart, but sometimes they are changeable. Catherine Barkley is a typical angel except her suspect. Catherine Bourne is an evil though she is charming. Brett Ashley is attractive, but she can＇t love whom she loves. That is a society without choice. Women＇s feelings attach to men. They show their right to love, to change. Even to escape the cruel reality. At the same time they know they can＇ t cast the society. Hemingway pays more attention on women＇s feelings in his writing. On the one hand, he respects women＇s elegance, beauty and view on love. He wants to get love and care from them. On the other hand, he holds in awe on women. He assumes women are changeable, and is afraid of being hurt. Hemingway＇ s mind is full of conflicts, and his love, hatred, sympathy belong to not merely male, but also female. No matter she is angel or evil, he can＇t help himself and his readers falling in love with these women of extraordinary beauty.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Liquid–liquid extraction of phosphorus from sulfuric acid solution using benzyl dimethyl amine

This study addresses the liquid–liquid extraction behavior of phosphorus from a sulfuric acid solution using benzyl dimethyl amine(BDMA) in kerosene. The extraction equilibria investigated with varied BDMA concentrations could reveal the formation of■ complex in the organic phase. The thermodynamic properties determined at various temperatures indicated that the process was exothermic with a calculated enthalpy(■) of-24.0 k J·mol~(-1). The organic-to-aqueous phase(O/A) volume ratio was varied to elucidate the quantitative extraction of phosphorus. The Mc Cabe–Thiele diagram plotted for the extraction isotherm was validated for the requirement of three counter-current stages in the extraction at an O/A volume ratio of 2.0/3.5. The back-extraction of phosphorus from the loaded organic phase was quantitatively achieved by contacting 4.0 mol·L~(-1) H_2SO_4 solution in three stages of counter-current contact at an O/A volume ratio of 3/2. This study can be applied to remove phosphorus from the sulfuric acid leach solutions of monazite processing, and many other solutions.     

X-ray diffraction investigation of amorphous calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite under ultra-high hydrostatic pressure

The changes in the crystal structures of synthetically prepared amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) in water (1:1 mass ratio) were studied by synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) under ultra-high hydrostatic pressures as high as 2.34 GPa for ACP and 4 GPa for HAP. At ambient pressure, the XRD patterns of the ACP and HAP samples in capillary tubes and their environmental scanning electron micrographs indicated amorphous and crystalline characteristics for ACP and HAP, respectively. At pressures greater than 0.25 GPa, an additional broad peak was observed in the XRD pattern of the ACP phase, indicating a partial phase transition from an amorphous phase to a new high-pressure amorphous phase. The peak areas and positions of the ACP phase, as obtained through fitting of the experimental data, indicated that the ACP exhibited increased pseudo-crystalline behavior at pressures greater than 0.96 GPa. Conversely, no structural changes were observed for the HAP phase up to the highest applied pressure of 4 GPa. For HAP, a unit-cell reduction during compression was evidenced by a reduction in both refined lattice parameters a and c. Both ACP and HAP reverted to their original structures when the pressure was fully released to ambient pressure.     

Effects of pre-strain and baking parameters on the microstructure and bake-hardening behavior of dual-phase steel

In a typical process, C-Mn steel was annealed at 800°C for 180 s, and then cooled rapidly to obtain the ferrite-martensite microstructure. After pre-straining, the specimens were baked and the corresponding bake-hardening (BH) values were determined as a function of pre-strain, baking temperature, and baking time. The influences of pre-strain, baking temperature and baking time on the microstructure evolution and bake-hardening behavior of the dual-phase steel were investigated systematically. It was found that the BH value apparently increased with an increase in pre-strain in the range from 0 to 1%; however, increasing pre-strain from 1% to 8% led to a decrease in the BH value. Furthermore, an increase in baking temperature favored a gradual improvement in the BH value because of the formation of Cottrell atmosphere and the precipitation of carbides in both the ferrite and martensite phases. The BH value reached a maximum of 110 MPa at a baking temperature of 300°C. Moreover, the BH value enhanced significantly with increasing baking time from 10 to 100 min.