萘和苯酚降解菌中儿茶酚2，3-双加氧酶基因的类似性分析及杂种酶构建

从7个萘降解菌株和5个苯酚降解菌株中经PcR扩增得到12个儿茶酚2,3-双加氧酶(C23O)基因,大小均为924 bp.根据DNA序列的类似性,可将这12个C23O基因聚类为3组,此结果与分离菌株的样本来源基本一致.这12个基因均编码307个氨基酸残基的儿茶酚2,3-双加氧酶,序列中都含有9个严格保守的氨基酸残基(Gly30、His153、Leu172、His199、His214、His246、Tyr255、Pro259、Glu265),均属于外切双加氧酶的I.2.A亚家族.通过盒式PCR,用各种萘和苯酚降解菌的C23O基因中心区替换恶臭假单胞菌ND6菌株pND6-1质粒中nahH基因的中心区,得到5个杂种C23O基因,这些基因在pET-E.coli BL21(DE3)系统中表达以后,均能检测到C23O活性,其中中心区来自假单胞菌ND24菌株C23O基因的杂种酶C23O-ND24,其比活力高于对照恶臭假单胞菌ND6菌株的野生型C23O.     

苯胺降解菌的特性研究及分子生物学基础

从长期受苯胺污染环境中筛选到一株细菌NKS．能以苯胺为唯一的碳源、氮源生长．NKS降解苯胺的最适温度和pH分别为30C和7.2，最适苯胺浓度为3000mg／L．NKS还可利用邻苯二酚和邻甲苯胺．提高接种浓度对NKS的降解效果有显著影响，重金属离子对NKS的生长和苯胺降解均有不同程度的抑制作用，以Ag^ ，Hg^ 最明显．对NKS与苯胺降解代谢有关酶类的测定结果表明，NKS中催化邻苯二酚开环的酶主要为邻苯二酚-2，3-双加氧酶(CD23O)．且该酶为诱导酶．PCR结果表明NKS中与苯胺酶降解有关酶的基因位于细菌的染色体上．     

邻单胞菌邻苯二酚1,2-双加氧酶基因(tfdC)在拟南芥中表达的初步研究

将从一株邻单胞菌中克隆到的一个新的邻苯二酚1，2－双加氧酶基因（tfd C)的起始密码子由GTG突变成ATG，并克隆到农杆菌双元载体pPZPY122中，利用农杆菌介导转化模式植物拟南芥，获得了转化植株，经过PCR，PCR－Southern和Southern dot blot方法检测证实，ftd C基因已经整合到拟南芥基因组中，邻苯二酚1，2－双加氧酶酶活性检测表明，转基因植株具有一定的酶活性，而未转化的植株则不具有酶活性。     

基因功能研究新技术———新的晶体解析方法

建立了包含 5 0 0多种筛选条件的蛋白结晶系统 ,提高了获得蛋白晶体的概率 .目前 ,已对 3种新基因编码蛋白进行晶体培养 ,其中一种新基因蛋白已经得到单晶 ,为解析该蛋白结构做好了准备 .同时 ,结合已建立的大规模蛋白原核分泌表达与纯化技术系统 ,将对大量新基因编码蛋白进行晶体培养条件的筛选 ,为大规模结构生物学研究和新基因功能 结构关系分析奠定了基础 .已成功制备了耐热邻苯二酚 2 ,3 双加氧酶、耐热碱性磷酸酯酶的蛋白质晶体 ,并收集了Ｘ 衍射数据 .在国内首次获得了硒化耐热邻苯二酚 2 ,3 双加氧酶的晶体 ,在日本的同步辐射光源上…     

2 3-二羟基联苯酶促降解及编码酶基因扩增

一株新分离的联苯降解菌Dyella ginsengisoliLA-4的细胞粗提物可以降解邻苯二酚类化合物生成间位开环产物.实验证明菌株LA-4中的2,3-二羟基联苯1,2-双加氧酶(BphC)为组成酶.以2,3-二羟基联苯、邻苯二酚和4-氯邻苯二酚为底物时,酶的比活分别是7.37、0.2和0.06 U/mg.考察了金属离子及抑制剂对酶活性的影响.金属离子对酶活性影响的结果表明Fe2+能促进粗酶对邻苯二酚和4-氯邻苯二酚的降解,但对2,3-二羟基联苯却起到抑制作用.当氧化性抑制剂H2O2的浓度大于1 mmol/L时酶活完全丧失,说明其属于Fe(Ⅱ)依赖型外二醇双加氧酶类.通过PCR方法扩增出菌株LA-4中bphC基因的保守区,其序列与已知bphC基因相似性约为73%.     

假单胞菌HS-D36偏苯三酚1,2-双加氧酶克隆表达与催化特性研究

由pnpC编码的偏苯三酚1,2-双加氧酶(Hydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase,PnpC)是微生物分解硝基芳香族类环境污染物的关键酶.本研究从对硝基苯酚(p-nitrophenol,PNP)降解菌HSD38(Pseudomonas sp.)中克隆pnpC基因,利用E.coli BL21(DE3)高效表达重组PnpC,通过亲和色谱纯化并分析其催化特性.实验结果表明:HS-D36的pnpC开放阅读框长度为873bp,编码290个氨基酸,酶蛋白相对分子量33KD;20℃、异丙基硫代-β-半乳糖苷(Isopropylβ-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside,IPTG)诱导可高效表达重组PnpC;重组酶经Ni-NTA亲和色谱一步分离可达到电泳纯;纯酶比活力9.3U/mg,纯化倍数37.2,活力收率23.8%;重组PnpC催化邻苯二酚开环反应的最适温度45℃、最适pH 5.0;Lineweaver-Burk双倒数作图表明PnpC对邻苯二酚降解的米氏常数(Km)为21.95mol/L、最大反应速度(Vmax)为2.68mol/(min·mg);Fe3+、Cu2+、Fe2+和Zn2+对该酶具激活作用,Ni 2+则显示抑制效应.     

苯酚降解菌TX1的分离鉴定及其代谢途径

从受酚类污染的土壤中分离筛选出一株能够高效降解苯酚的菌株.通过形态学、生理生化及26S rDNA测序等手段对其进行初步鉴定,确定该菌株为丝孢酵母菌属(Trichosporon sp.),并命名为Trichosporon mycotox-inivorans sp·X1.该菌株最适宜的降酚培养条件是:温度30℃、pH7.0、摇床转速150r·min-1.研究结果表明,该菌株对苯酚的代谢途径是细胞膜和细胞质上的苯酚羟化酶先将苯酚转化为邻苯二酚,进而通过邻苯二酚1.2-双加氧酶(C12O)邻位开环裂解,C12O为诱导型胞内酶.     

微生物降解石油产物的生物安全性

从石油污染土壤中筛选出1株高效降解石油的菌株JH250-8.为分析该菌株降解石油产物的生物安全性,考察了石油及其降解产物对紫花苜蓿生长态势及明亮发光杆菌发光效率的影响,从植物和微生物两个方面探讨石油降解产物的生物毒性,进而评价该菌株降解石油产物的生物安全性.结果表明:1)菌株JH250-8的石油降解产物可促进紫花苜蓿发芽,提高叶绿素含量,降低紫花苜蓿生物量;2)石油的微生物降解产物对明亮发光杆菌的发光抑制率约为原油的1/4,具有较低的生物毒性;3)微生物石油降解产物具有较好的生物安全性,其降低植物生物量的作用可能与土壤板结有关.     

梅花鹿过氧化氢酶基因的克隆与表达

克隆得到梅花鹿过氧化氢酶基因序列,已提交Genbank登录(HQ877674).基因编码区全长1 584 bp,编码527个氨基酸,理论计算分子量为60 027.4 Da,理论计算等电点为6.67,预测蛋白质结构中不含有二硫键,在蛋白质序列中,具有过氧化氢酶家族活性中心保守序列和过氧化氢酶家族亚铁血红素保守序列,其DNA序列和蛋白质序列均与Bos taurus来源过氧化氢酶的同源关系最为接近.使用pPICZαC质粒和毕赤酵母GS115菌株,成功异源表达该基因,对诱导表达的发酵上清液进行活性测定,酶活为463 U·mL-1.     

水稻OsWHY1基因克隆及过表达与RNAi载体构建

Whirly蛋白是一种单链DNA结合蛋白,是植物特有的存在于细胞核与叶绿体中的双定位蛋白.本研究以水稻品系金23B为材料,从cDNA中克隆得到水稻whirly蛋白基因(OsWHY1).该基因的c DNA全长为1 250 bp,开放阅读框大小为825 bp,编码274个氨基酸.结构域分析结果表明OsWHY1蛋白序列具有whirly蛋白家族共有的whirly结构域.蛋白质序列比对分析表明,OsWHY1蛋白序列与玉米(Zea mays),小米(Setaria italica),黍(Panicum miliaceum),高粱(Sorghum bicolor),大麦(Hordeum vulgare)的蛋白序列相似性分别为79. 8%、83. 1%、82. 7%、78. 7%和75. 3%.此外,本研究通过酶切酶连的方法成功构建了pU1300-OsWHY1过表达载体和PTCK303-OsWHY1 RNA干扰载体,为进一步研究OsWHY1基因在水稻持绿性中的功能打下基础.     

Crystal structure of thermostable catechol 2,3-dioxygenase determined by multiwavelength anomalous dispersion method

The selenomethionyl derivative of the thermostable catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (SeMet-TC23O) is expressed, purified and crystallized. By using multiwave length anomalous dispersion (MAD) phasing techniques, the crystal structure of TC23O at 0.3 nm resolutions is determined. TC23O is a homotetramer. Each monomer is composed of N-terminal and C-terminal domains (residues 1∼153 and 153∼319, respectively). The two domains are proximately symmetric by a non-crystallographic axis. Each domain contains two characteristic motifs which are found in almost all of extradial dioxygenases.     

Functional identification of gene cluster for the aniline metabolic pathway mediated by transposable element

A convenient and widely applicable method has been developed to clone aniline metabolic gene cluster in this study. Three positive recombinant plasmids pDA1, pDB2 and pDB11 were cloned from genomic library of aniline degradation strain AD9. The result of aniline dioxygenase （AD） activity and catechol 2,3-oxygenase （C230） activity assay showed that pDA1 and pDB11 contain aniline dioxygenase genes and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase genes, respectively. The sequence analysis of the total 24.7-kb region revealed that this region contains 25 ORFs, of which 17 genes involve metabolism of aniline. In the gene cluster, the first five genes （tadQTA1A2B） and the subsequent gene （tadR1） were predicted to encode a multi-component aniline dioxygenase and a LysR-type regulator, respectively, while the others （tadD1C1D2C2EFGIJKL） were expected to encode metacleavage pathway enzymes for catechol degradation. The gene cluster was surrounded by two IS1071 sequences.     

Identification and nucleotide sequence of a diversity DNA segment (D) of immunoglobulin heavy-chain genes

A putative diversity segment of immunoglobulin heavy-chain genes (D segments) has been identified 700 base pairs 5' to JH1 DNA on the germ-line genome of the mouse. This 10-base pair D segment is flanked by two sets of sequences related to (SEE FORMULAR IN TEXT) which are possible recognition sites for a recombinase. The spacer separating the heptamer and the nonamer is 12 base pairs long on both sides of the D segment. As the space separating the two signal sequences in VH DNAs and JH DNAs is 23 +/- 1 base pairs long, the two recombinations required for creation of a complete immunoglobulin VH gene, a VH--D joining and a D--JH joining, follow a 12/23-base pair spacer rule. Allelic exclusion is discussed with respect to D segments.     

Cloning and expression of ophc2, a new organphosphorus hydrolase gene

The amino acid sequences of N-terminal and internal peptide of OPHC2, purified from Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes strain C2-1 in our lab, are determined. The full-length organphosphorus hydrolase gene ophc2 is cloned by PCR using the degenerate primers designed according to the sequences and future inverse PCR. The ophc2 gene is 975 bp long with G C content of 63%, comprising one open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 324 amino acids with a molecular weight of 36 kD. The nucleotide sequence of ophc2 shows low homologies with those organphosphorus hydrolase genes deposited in GenBank, one of which exhibits the highest homology of 46.4% with ophc2. The organphosphorus hydrolase protein expressed in E. coli bears normal bioactivity.     

Cloning and analysis of [NiFe]-hydrogenase genes from Arthrospira platensis FACHB341

0IntroductionHydrogenase(H2ase)has beeninvestigatedin a va-riety of bacterial groups since it was firstly reported in1931[1-3].Cyanobacteria contain two different types ofH2ase,uptake H2ase(EC1.12.7.2)and bidirectional orreversible H2ase(EC1.12.1.12).Uptake H2ase is in-duced under N2-fixing situation,mainly confinedin hete-rocysts.Bidirectional H2ase is constitutively synthesized,active in both heterocysts and vegetative cells present inboth N2-fixing and non-N2-fixing conditions.This en…     

2,3-Dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase gene was first discovered in Arthrobacter sp. strain PJ3

Bacterium strain PJ3,isolated from wastewater and identified as Arthrobacter sp. bacterium based on its 16S rDNA gene,could use carbazole as the sole carbon,nitrogen and energy source. The genomic library of strain PJ3 was constructed and a positive clone JM109(pUCW402) was screened out for the expression of dioxygenase by the ability to form yellow ring-fission product. A 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase(23DHBD) gene of 933 bp was found in the 3360 bp exogenous fragment of pUCW402 by GenSCAN software and BLAST analysis. The phylogenetic analysis showed that 23DHBD from strain PJ3 formed a deep branch separate from a cluster containing most known 23DHBD in GenBank. Southern hybridization confirmed for the first time that the 23DHBD gene was from the genomic DNA of Arthrobacter sp. PJ3. In order to test the gene function,recombinant bacterium BL21(pETW-8) was constructed to express 23DHBD. The expression level in BL21(pETW-8) was highest compared with the recombinant bacteria JM109(pUCW402) and strain PJ3. We observed that 23DHBD was not absolute specific. The enzyme activity was higher with 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl as a substrate than with catechol. The substrate specificity assay suggested that 23DHBD was essential for cleavage of bi-cyclic aromatic compounds during the course of aromatic compound biodegradation in Arthrobacter sp. strain PJ3.     

印鼠客蚤线粒体COⅡ基因的克隆、序列测定和分子系统学分析

本文报道了印鼠客蚤云南株线粒体DNA中长为901bp的片段,包括完整的COⅡ基因和3个氨基酸tRNA基因及ATPase8基因片段。COⅡ基因全长684bp,编码227个氨基酸,起始密码为ATC,终止密码为TAA。印鼠客蚤mtDNACOⅡ基因中富含AT,含量为77%,GC含量为23%。根据COⅡ基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列,对蚤目蚤科部分种类及外群进行了分子系统学分析。     

应用原子力显微镜研究混合表面活性剂不溶膜的结构

利用ＬＢ技术和原子力显微镜研究表面活性剂混合不溶膜的结构。结果表明Ｃ１８Ｈ３７ＳＯ３Ｎａ－Ｃ８Ｆ１７ＣＯＯＨ混合凝聚膜发生机分离,Ｃ１８Ｈ３７ＳＯ３Ｎａ形成六方微畴分布在连续的Ｃ８Ｆ１７ＣＯＯＨ相中;Ｃ１２Ｈ２３ＳＯ４Ｎａ－Ｃ１８Ｈ３７Ｎ（ＣＨ３）３Ｂｒ形成了相当 均匀完整的混合膜;Ｃ１８Ｈ３７Ｎ（ＣＨ３）３Ｂｒ－Ｃ８Ｆ１７ＣＯＯＨ所成膜呈微不均匀状态。结果说明混合不溶膜表面状况由极性头相互作用与     

中华补血草金属硫蛋白基因的克隆及高盐处理下的表达模式分析

以中华补血草叶片为材料,提取其总RNA并反转录cDNA,并以cDNA为模板,克隆得到包含该基因完整开放阅读框的cDNA序列,序列分析表明,该基因开放阅读框长249 bp,编码82个氨基酸;该蛋白含有14个半胱氨酸,主要分布在蛋白质的N端和C端,呈CC,CX,CXXC形式排列.预测该蛋白分子质量为8 133.1 D;等电...     

禾谷炭疽菌14-3-3蛋白生物信息学分析

禾谷炭疽菌侵染玉米、小麦等粮食作物而引起的炭疽病,给各国农业生产造成了巨大经济损失.14-3-3蛋白普遍存在于真核生物,参与植物众多生理生化过程.本研究基于酿酒酵母中2个典型14-3-3蛋白序列,利用Blastp以及关键词对炭疽菌属蛋白质数据库进行比对、搜索,以及通过SMART保守结构域分析,明确该菌存在2个典型的14-3-3蛋白;同时,通过对上述蛋白进行二级结构、疏水性、信号肽,跨膜结构域以及亚细胞定位等生物信息学分析.该研究为深入开展禾谷炭疽菌14-3-3蛋白功能研究打下坚实的理论基础.