NMR and IR investigations of ternary inclusion complexes among β-cyclodextrin, rare earth metal ions, and naphthalenediamines

Ternary inclusion complexes β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), rare earth metal ions (YbCl₃, YCl₃), and 1,8-naphthalene- diamine/1,5-naphthalenediamine are synthesized in basic aqueous media, which are characterized via ¹H NMR and IR spectroscopy. The stoichiometric proportion of β-CD:YbCl₃:1,5-naphthalenediamine is 2:1:2, that of β-CD:YCl₃:1,8-naphthalenediamine is 2:1:1, and that of β-CD:YbCl₃:1,8-naphthalenediamine is 2:1:1. The IR spectroscopy of the ternary inclusion complexes in the range of 935–1 000 cm⁻¹ reveals the existence of the coordinate bond M—O or M—N. The possible conformations of the ternary inclusion complexes are depicted. Biography: JIANG Huiming(1972–), male, Associate professor, research direction: molecular complex chemistry, supramolecular chemistry.     

A preliminary study of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in the endangered aquatic quillwortIsoetes sinensis Palmer in China

Isoetes sinensis Palmer (Isoetaceae) is an aquatic or amphibious plant that is critically endangered in China. Previous studies have revealed the crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)-like photosynthetic pathway occurs commonly in submerged leaves in genusIsoetes. Water chemistry parameters and the titratable acidity content of the plant extract were measured from samples obtained in the early morning (7∶00) and late afternoon (15∶00) from twoI. sinensis populations in China. One population occurs in the eulittoral zone of a freshwater tidal river at low elevation (134 m) and another occurs in a densely vegetated, high elevation (1 100 m) alpine shallow pool. Significant differences in pH and titratable acidity of the plant extract were detected between the morning and afternoon samples. These changes are associated with diurnal changes in water chemistry. Our results provide the first evidence for the existence of the CAM pathway in the East Asian endemicIsoetes sinensis Palmer. The magnitude of fluctuations in the titratable acidity of the plant extract may be correlated with the severe carbon limitation imposed on the plants by its aquatic habitat. Foundation item: Supported by the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan (G2000046805) Biography:Pang Xin-an (1974-), male, Master candidate, research direction: conservation biology.     

Characterization of Anabaena cylindrica Solution System Using Synchronous-Scan Fluorescence Spectroscopy

The characterization of the algaeAnabaena cylindrica solution with Fe (III) was investigated using fluorescence emission and synchronous-scan spectroscopy. The ranges of concentrations of algae and Fe (III) in aqueous solutions were 5.0×10⁸ 2.5×10⁸ cell/L and 1060 μmol/L. respectively. The effective characterization method used was synchronous-scan fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS). The wavelength difference (Δλ) of 90 nm, was maintained between excitation wavelength (λen) and emission wavelength (λen). The peak was observed at about (λex) (λem) 326 nm for synchronous scan fluorescence spectroscopy. The fluorescence quenching in system of algae Fe(III)-HA was studied using synchronous-scan spectroscopy for the first time, Fe(III) was clearly the effective quencher. The relationship betweenI I (quenching efficiency) andc (concentration of Fe (III) added) was, a linear correlation for the algae solution with Fe(III). Also, Aldrich humie acid (HA) was found to be an effective quencher. Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20177017) and the Scientific Research Foundation of Wuhan Environmental Protection Bureau Biography: LIU Xian li(1965), male. Ph.D. Associate professor, research direction: environmental chemistry.     

Bridging of Calixarenes with N, N＇-Bis（Chloroacetyl） Propylenediamine

A new bridging reagent, N, N‘-bis (chloroacetyl) propylenediamine was used to explore the relativeactivity and bridging pattern of p-ten-bury lcalix [4] arene, p-tert-butylcalix [6] arene and butylcalix [8] arene. It wasfound that the bridging reaction is selectively, at least, preferably at 1, 3-position for p-tert-butylcalix [4] arene and p-tert-butylcalix [6] arene, 1,5-position for p-tert-butylcalix [8] arene. Taking the yield of bridged calixarene as a compar-sion standard, the activity decreases with the increasing of the number of phenolic units in calixarene.     

Heterologous expression of amylase gene from Saccharomycopsis fibuligera in an industrial strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

An α-amylase encoding gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction fromSaccharomycopsis fibuligera and inserted into a shuttle vector YEp352, together with the yeast phosphoglycerate kinase 1 promoter and α-factor signal gene. The recombinant expression plasmid pLA8α was transformed into an industrial strain ofSaccharomyces cerevisiae Sc-11. The activity of the α-amylase produced by the transformant Sc-11-pLA8α was 6.3 U/mL and the starch utilization rate in YPS medium was 42%. The purified amylase was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, showing a molecular weight of 55×10³ protein band. Furthermore, the residual sugar, ethanol and some volatile compounds in the fermented worts under simulating brewing conditions were determined by chromatographic analyses. The fermentation characteristics of Sc-11-pLA8α were similar to that of Sc-11 and only minor changes in the concentration of flavor compounds could be observed. Foundation item: Supported by the National Tenth Five-Year Hi-Technique Project (2001BA708B05-04). Biography: LIU Zeng-ran (1964-), fenale, Ph. D., research, direction: food and biotechnology.     

尾巨桉化感作用对广金钱草化学成分的影响

【目的】研究尾巨桉Eucalyptus urophylla×Eucalyptus grandis对广金钱草Desmodium styracifolium(Osb.)Merr.药材化学成分的影响,探索尾巨桉-广金钱草复合经营模式的可行性。【方法】在试验田中,以不同类型和重量的尾巨桉落叶铺盖在土壤上并种植广金钱草,同时另在尾巨桉人工林中直接套种广金钱草,待药材成熟后统计其产量,并利用HPLC指纹图谱法及含量测定法检测其化学成分变化。【结果】广金钱草在尾巨桉林下种植时,产量稍有下降,但药材指纹图谱与正常种植无显著差异。【结论】广金钱草可以套种在尾巨桉人工林下。     

Overexpression of phospholipase <Emphasis Type="Italic">D</Emphasis>α gene enhances drought and salt tolerance of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Populus tomentosa</Emphasis>

The cDNA of AtPLDa （Arabidopsis thaliana Phospholipase Da） gene was introduced into P. tomentosa （Populus tomentosa） under the control of the Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Southern and Northern blot analyses suggested that the AtPLDa gene has been transferred into the P. tomentosa genome. No obvious morphological or developmental difference was observed between the transgenic and wild-type （WT） plants. Drought and salt tolerance and gene expression of seedlings of several transgenic lines and WT plants （control） were studied. The results showed that the rhizogenesis rate and the average root-length of transgenic lines were significantly higher than WT plants after mannitol and NaCI treatment under the same growth conditions. Northern blot analysis indicated that the higher the PLDa expression in the transgenic plants, the more tolerant the transgenic plants are to drought and salt treatment. Meanwhile, another group of these transgenic lines and WT plants （control） were treated with PEG6000 and NaCI separately. The contents of chlorophylls and the activities of some anti- oxidant enzymes （superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase and catalase） as well as malondialdehyde and relative electrical conductivity were analyzed. Altogether, our results demonstrated that overexpression of the PLDa gene can enhance the drought and salt tolerance in transgenic P. tomentosa plants.     

Process View of Reflection Mechanism for Reuse Software Architecture

Reflection mechanism for reuse software architecture （RMRSA） divides a software architecture into base-level architecture and meta-level architecture logically. Base-level architecture is the ordinary architecture; meta-level represents and manipulates the reusable meta-information of base-level architecture explicitly. Through reflection, the modification of meta-level architecture will result in the modification of the architecture in base-level. Then we can gain a new base-level architecture design. In this paper, we use π-calculus to define the constituents and their interaction processes of RMRSA, by these definition, we specify the business function in base-level at runtime, and illustrate the reflection mechanism between the base-level architecture and meta-level architecture.     

Synthesis and micellization behavior of stimuli-responsive polypeptide hybrid triblock copolymer

Polypeptide hybrid triblock copolymer, poly（L-glutamic acid）-b-poly（propylene oxide）-b-poly （L-glutamic acid） （PLGA-b-PPO-b-PLGA）, was synthesized by the ring-opening polymerization of benzyI-L- glutamic N-carboxyanhydride （BLG-NCA） using poly（propylene glycol） bis（2-aminopropyl ether） as initiator, followed by the subsequent deprotection step. The obtained double hydrophilic triblock co- polymer exhibits ＂schizophrenic＂ micellization behavior in aqueous solution upon dually playing with solution pH and temperature. The multi-responsive micellization behavior of this polypeptide hybrid triblock copolymer has been thoroughly investigated by 1H NMR, laser light scattering （LLS）, tempera- ture-dependent optical transmittance, and circular dichroism spectroscopy （CD）.     

不同轮伐期对巨尾桉人工林碳固存的影响

【目的】深入探讨不同轮伐期对巨尾桉人工林碳固存的影响,为从应对全球气候变化的视角确定合理轮伐期提供理论依据。【方法】以轮伐期为短(7a)、中(13a)和长周期(21a)的巨尾桉人工林为研究对象,通过对不同轮伐期桉树林分生物量、碳固存、年平均固碳量的分析,揭示不同轮伐期对桉树林分碳固存的影响。【结果】巨尾桉人工林的生物量碳随着轮伐期的延长而逐渐增加,由7a轮伐期的(75.81±5.12)t·C/hm~2增至13a轮伐期的(180.11±19.97)t·C/hm~2以及21a轮伐期的(192.08±16.50)t·C/hm~2,方差分析表明,13a和21a轮伐期的总生物量碳显著高于7a轮伐期,而13a和21a轮伐期之间的差异不显著。巨尾桉人工林土壤有机碳随轮伐期延长而显著降低,由7a轮伐期的(89.99±0.35)t·C/hm~2、13a轮伐期的(85.42±0.76)t·C/hm~2下降到21a轮伐期的(74.64±0.24)t·C/hm~2。7~13a仍是巨尾桉人工林固碳能力迅速增长期,年平均总生物量碳由7a时的10.78t·C/(hm~2·a)迅速提高到13a的19.54t·C/(hm~2·a),增长81%;21a时巨尾桉人工林进入固碳能力下降期,年平均总生物量碳降至3.78t·C/(hm~2·a),固碳能力只是13a的19.34%。【结论】在南亚热带,巨尾桉人工林的最佳轮伐期确定在13a左右较为适宜,这与经济效益的最大化一致。     

《中国药典》中四个品种来源的陈皮挥发油GC-MS分析比较

目的采用主成分分析(PCA)和聚类分析对《中国药典》中四个品种来源的陈皮挥发油GC-MS数据分析比较,鉴别其不同种源。方法对80批次不同品种和不同产地的陈皮样品挥发油进行GC-MS分析,利用其共有成分峰面积数据,采用主成分分析和聚类分析将共有特征峰进行鉴别区分。结果通过主成分分析和聚类分析可将广东新会茶枝柑样品与其它地区样品大致分为两类。结论本方法可用于新会陈皮和其它不同品种来源陈皮的鉴别。     

Logarithmic Sobolev inequalities for two-sided birth-death processes

In this paper, we study the logarithmic Sobolev inequalities for two-sided birth-death processes. An estimate of the logarithmic Sobolev constant α for a two-sided birth-death process is obtained by the Hardy-type inequality and a criteria for α is also presented. Biography: YANG Qingshan (1981–), male, Ph.D. candidate, research direction: large deviation principle.     

On the Symmetry Classes of Functions

Let R be an integral domain of characteristic zero such that the corresponding group rings have block decompositions. We first prove that the submodule consisting of all the R-valued ξi-symmetric functions of several variables is a symmetry class, where ξi is any block character. Then we present a relationship among certain operators introduced for block character. Then we present a relationship among certain operators introduced for block characters. As a consequence, we obtain a decomposition of an arbitrary R-valued function of several variables. Finally, we describe the symmetry property of such summands and determine all the symmetry classes.     

葎草提取物胃肠促动作用的实验研究

目的探讨葎草提取物对胃肠运动功能的影响。方法采用胃排空、肠推进运动实验法以及离体胃、肠实验法,研究葎草提取物对胃、肠运动功能的影响。结果蒸馏水组胃内容物残留率(%)和小肠推进比(%),分别为(82.53±10.69)和(50.88±8.68);葎草水提物大、中、小剂量(10.0、7.5、5.0 g生药/kg)组,胃内容物残留率(%)和小肠推进比(%),分别为(53.83±9.89)、(48.98±9.75)、(62.75±10.56)和(60.19±7.77)、(64.98±7.41)、(58.71±6.83);葎草醇提物中、小剂量(7.5、5.0 g生药/kg)组,胃内容物残留率(%)和小肠推进比(%),分别为(73.21±8.09)、(74.19±7.71)和(57.48±6.18)、(57.42±6.62)。与蒸馏水组比较,葎草水提物大、中、小剂量(10.0、7.5、5.0 g生药/kg)组均显著降低胃内容物残留率(P0.01),明显提高小肠推进比(P0.01,P0.05);葎草醇提物中、小剂量(7.5、5.0 g生药/kg)组也明显降低胃内容物残留率(P0.05),也明显提高小肠推进比(P0.05);在降低胃内容物残留率及提高小肠推进比,葎草水提物与相同剂量的醇提物比较,差异显著(P0.01)。在离体实验中,葎草水提物给药前后肠管、胃底环状肌的收缩幅度分别为(1.20±0.06)g、(72.01±4.27)mg和(4.89±0.60)g、(211.42±6.76)mg;葎草醇提物给药前后肠管、胃底环状肌的收缩幅度分别为(0.88±0.05)g、(70.20±3.26)mg和(1.43±0.17)g、(218.75±3.13)mg。与给药前比较,葎草水提物与醇提物给药后的肠管和胃底环状肌的收缩幅度明显强于给药前(P0.01);从给药前后肠管收缩幅度差比较,葎草水提物与醇提物比较差异显著(P0.01)。结论葎草提取物具有促进胃排空、肠推进运动的作用,且水提物作用强于醇提物。     

Characterization of type<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis> Banach spaces by the weak law of large numbers

For weighted sums of the form where {a _nj , 1 ⩽j⩽k _n ↑∞,n⩾1} is a real constant array and {X _aj , 1≤j≤k _{n, n}≥1} is a rowwise independent, zero mean, random element array in a real separable Banach space of typep, we establishL ^r convergence theorem and a general weak law of large numbers respectively, conversely, we characterize Banach spaces of typep in terms of convergence inr-th mean and probability for such weighted sums. Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10071058) Biography: Gan Shi-xin (1939-), male, Professor, research direction: martingale theory, probability limiting theory and Banach space geometry theory.     

Research of Inclusion Complexation of 4,4＇-Thiodiphenol Effected by β-Cyclodextrin in Aqueous Solutions and the Effect on Photodegradation

The inclusion behavior of 4, 4＇ -Thiodiphenol （TDP）, a typical bisphenol and endocrine disruptor, reacts with β-cyclodextrin （β-CD） in aqueous solutions has been investigated by means of UV absorption spectrum and quantum-chemical calculation with Gaussian 98 software. The results show that the inclusion behavior of TDP is quite different in acidic solutions （pH 5.9） from that in alkaline solutions （pH 10.0）. This behavior difference is attributed to the different formula structures in aqueous solutions at acidic and alkaline pH values that are demonstrated by quantum- chemical modeling and calculation. TDP forms a 1 ： 1 fl-CD inclusion complex in aqueous solutions. The equiiibrium constant K was calculated to be 553.49 L/mol at pH 5.9 and 1 318.20 L/mol at pH 10.0 respectively for the inclusion complex reaction by using the modified Benesi-Heldbrand equation. After inclusion TDP＇s structure is changed especially at the inclusion part with the bond order becoming larger, which results in inhibitive photodegradation during direct photooxidation and H2O2 assisted photooxidation.     

Cloning and Expression of BTB/POZ-Domain from Zebrafish gcl （Germ Cell-Less）, and Appraisement of Its Polyclonal-Antibody

In this study, a recombinant pET28c-gBTB/POZ was constructed by cloning the sequence of the BTB/POZ domain of the zebrafish gcl （germ cell-less） into the expression vector pET28c, and pET28c-gBTB/POZ was transformed into BL21（DE3） pLysS strain to express the fusion protein for the preparation of antibody. Polyclonal-antibody against the GCL-BTB/POZ domain was prepared by immunizing rabbit with the fusion protein, and the Western Blot and immuno-histochemical analysis were performed to detect the quantity of the polyclonal-antibody. The result indicates that the polyclonal-antibodies were of good quantity and specification. Further studies will be performed to demonstrate the function and expression pattern of the GCL protein during the development process of zebrafish with the polyclonal-antibody.     

马尾松、尾赤桉木材蠕变特性常数研究

在马尾松 ( Pinusmasoniana )、尾赤桉 ( Eucalyptusurophylla× camaldulensis)板材不同部位以径切面切取小试件各 30枚 ,并各分为 3组 ,分别按材料极限强度的 2 0 %、30 %及 4 0 %进行加载 ,测量木材的蠕变特性曲线 ,确定木材的蠕变特性常数。结果是 :马尾松、尾赤桉抗瞬间弹性变形能力随载荷的增加而增强 ;在相同的载荷下 ,马尾松的抗瞬间弹性变形能力、抗长期粘性蠕变能力及抗延迟弹性蠕变能力均比尾赤桉强 ;应力水平占极限强度比例相同时 ,马尾松的抗瞬间弹性变形能力比尾赤桉强 ,而抗长期粘性蠕变能力及抗延迟弹性蠕变能力在总体上亦比尾赤桉强