SDBS辅助制备的花状ZnO微结构的生长机理及光催化性能评价

Flower-like ZnO microstructures were successfully produced using a hydrothermal method employing ZnSO₄/(NH₄)₂SO₄ as a raw material. The effect of the operating parameters of the hydrothermal temperature, OH?/Zn2+ molar ratio, time, and amount of dispersant on the phase structure and micromorphology of the ZnO particles were investigated. The synthesis conditions of the flower-like ZnO microstructures were: hydrothermal temperature of 160°C, OH?/Zn2+ molar ratio of 5:1, reaction time of 4 h, and 4 mL of dispersant. The flower-like ZnO microstructures were comprised of hexagon-shaped ZnO rods arranged in a radiatively. Degradation experiments of Rhodamine B with the flower-like ZnO microstructures demonstrated a degradation efficiency of 97.6% after 4 h of exposure to sunshine, indicating excellent photocatalytic capacity. The growth mechanism of the flower-like ZnO microstructures was presented.     

Co掺杂ZnO薄膜的结构及光磁性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶旋涂法在玻璃衬底上制备了Zn1-xCoxO(x=0,0.01,0.03,0.05,0.08,0.12)薄膜.利用显微镜和X射线衍射(XRD)研究了ZnO:Co薄膜的表面形貌和微结构.结果表明,所有ZnO薄膜样品都存在(002)择优取向,尤其是当掺杂浓度为12%时,薄膜c轴择优取向最为显著.振动样品磁强计(VSM)测量表明Zn1-xCoxO薄膜具有室温铁磁性.室温光致发光测量发现,所有样品的PL谱中都出现了较强的蓝光双峰发射和较弱的绿光发射,分析认为这主要是由于Co元素的掺入改变了薄膜的禁带宽度、锌填隙缺陷和氧位错缺陷浓度,其中长波长的蓝光峰和绿光峰都能够通过掺杂进行控制.基于上面的测量结果,探讨了不同波段光发射的机理与掺杂状态之间的关系.     

ZnO纳米杆的生长和发光特性研究

用简单的真空热蒸发纯Zn粉工艺,在顺逆气流不同的情况下,直接在硅片上生长出比较定向的单晶ZnO纳米杆阵列.用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、选区电子衍射(SAED)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和室温光致发光谱(PL),研究了ZnO样品的结构、形貌和光学性质.结果表明:ZnO纳米杆为具有六方纤锌矿的单晶结构,纳米杆沿着[0001]的方向生长,顺气流时顶部为完整六边形,逆气流时顶部为六棱锥.这种顶部形貌的不同,是由于顺逆气流对应不同的锌蒸汽压而引起的.光致发光谱表明制备的ZnO纳米杆具有较好的绿光光学性能.     

热氧化法合成ZnO纳米带及其光电特性研究

 应用低于锌熔点的低温金属固态热氧化的方法,并结合金催化作用,成功地在金属锌基底上自发生长出了氧化锌纳米带阵列。应用X射线衍射,扫描电子显微镜,高分辩电子透射显微镜等技术对产物进行了观察研究。研究结果表明,金对纳米带形成具有明显的促进作用。合成的氧化锌纳米带的长度范围为6~14 μm,厚度约为40 nm,宽度范围为100~150 nm,其顶部没有发现明显的金颗粒。XRD结果表明纳米带晶体结构为六方结构的ZnO,合成的纳米带的相结构很接近于无催化剂合成的ZnO纳米线。高分辨透射电镜观察显示部分纳米带结晶良好。通过对生长的氧化锌纳米带进行的光致发光（PL）测试,表明在PL光谱中可以看到紫外区,绿光波段有两个主要的峰。     

Field Emission Characterization of 1D-Nanostructural ZnO Grown at Low Temperature

Ondeu-ctdio rmse nhsaivoen aaltt rwaicdteed b aan gdr-egaatp d neaaln oosft uartctteunrtialon se bmeiccaounse-of their remarkable physical and chemical properties[1 ,2].Amongthose properties ,the highaspect ratio of these materi-als makes them genuine can…     

Co掺杂对ZnO纳米棒阵列的结构和性质的影响

通过70℃水热反应制备高密度排列的Zn1-xCoxO(x=0.05,0.10和0.15,统记为ZnCoO)纳米棒阵列,用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和光致发光光谱(PL)进行表征.结果表明:Co2+替代Zn2+掺入了ZnO的晶格中,纳米棒沿[0001]方向垂直生长在含ZnO种子层的玻璃上,纳米棒平均直径约为150nm,长4.5μm.ZnO种子层和Co掺杂在ZnCoO纳米棒成核和择优生长中起着重要作用.PL光谱是由宽紫外光带(UV)和可见光(VL)构成.ZnCoO纳米棒阵列UV峰位与纯ZnO的相比发生了蓝移.随着Co含量的增加,UV峰明显宽化并发生红移.文中对紫外峰的宽化和红移起因以及ZnCoO阵列的形成机制进行了讨论.     

管状铜掺杂ZnO双晶结构材料的形貌控制合成及荧光性质研究

采用直接沉淀法合成了具有六棱柱形貌的Cu2+掺杂ZnO双晶结构材料,研究了Cu2+的存在对ZnO双晶的形成及形貌的影响,发现溶液中存在的Cu2+物质的量浓度越高,获得的Zn(Cu)O材料粒径越大,形貌从细长棒形逐步变为短粗六方柱体,长径比也从10∶1变到1.2∶1.采用简单的碱腐蚀法获得了管状结构的Cu2+掺杂Zn(Cu)O材料,并探讨了管状结构的形成机理.Cu掺杂使得Zn(Cu)O样品的绿光发射由550 nm蓝移至520 nm附近,且强度大幅增加.形成管状结构使绿光发射进一步增强,该发射由Cu2+掺杂引起的样品内部的Cu2+与Cu+之间的相互转变引起.     

一维ZnO/Zn2.33Sb0.67O4纳米异质结构的制备及气敏特性

为获得高气敏性能的新型材料,利用热蒸发方法,首次成功制备了ZnO/Zn2.33Sb0.67O4一维纳米异质结构。通过XRD、SEM、TEM对其微观结构进行表征,研究退火温度、药品用量及生长时间对产物的影响。结果表明：与ZnO纳米纤维相比,ZnO/Zn2.33Sb0.67O4异质结构对乙醇气体表现出增强特性。合成的纳米异质结构在气敏传感器方面具有巨大潜力。     

Field emission characteristics of ZnO nanotetrapods and the effect of thermal annealing in hydrogen

Large-scale tetrapod-like ZnO nanostructures have been synthesized using a thermal chemical vapor deposition method on a silicon substrate. The high-purity nanotetrapods show sharp tips geometry with a wurtzite structure. The field emission properties of the uniform ZnO nanostructural material are investigated at different anode-cathode distances. The turn-on field for the ZnO nanotetrapods is found to be about 3.7 V/μm at a current density of 1 μA/cm^2. The field emission behavior obeys Fowler-Nordheim relationship. More importantly, the field emission properties are improved after annearing in hydrogen, and therefore high emission current and low turn-on field are obtained. These results indicate that tetrapod-like ZnO nanostructures are a promising candidate for cold cathode emitters.     

The ultraviolet and blue luminescence properties of ZnO:Zn thin film

The ultraviolet (UV) and blue luminescence of Zn-rich zinc oxide thin film deposited by electron-beam evaporation have been investigated at room temperature (RT). We observed that the UV and blue electroluminescence (EL) emission band centered around 480 nm which is blue shifted in comparison with that of the ZnO thin film prepared by low pressure metal organic chemical vapor deposition (LP MOCVD). The UV emission is much stronger than blue emission in the photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The field-induced ionization of excited luminescent centers of ZnO:Zn thin film at high electric field and the difference between PL and EL are discussed. The experiments show that the ZnO:Zn thin film provides a hopeful new mechanism to obtain UV and blue emission.     

Thermodynamic functions and growth constants of web-like ZnO nanostructures

Web-like ZnO nanostructures have been successfully synthesized using the potassium nitrate route at various temperatures to simplify conventional preparation methods. The structures and morphologies of the as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The results showed that the reaction temperature was an important parameter, and that there was a feedback effect between nano-structure and growth parameters, combined with in situ micro-calorimetry, the reaction rate constants of the three systems were found to have been: 2.43×10-6, 2.70×10-8 and 3.12×10-7s-1 respectively. Furthermore, based on the relationship governing the potential differences between nanoand bulk ZnO, thermodynamic functions of nano-ZnO such as standard molar entropy (Sm,ZnO(nano)), standard molar Gibbs free energy of formation (△rGm,ZnO(nano)), and standard molar enthalpy of formation (△rHm,ZnO(nano)) have been calculated by the electrochemical method.     

影响氧化锌纳米材料场发射性能的因素

采用物理气相沉积的方法通过控制生长参数,在硅衬底上获得不同形貌的氧化锌纳米阵列.在金属场发射系统中测量了它们的场致电子发射性能,发现阴极发射电流不稳定主要是由于氧化锌纳米阵列的不均匀性造成的.采用高压励炼技术可以增强氧化锌场发射的稳定性,使电流波动明显降低.此外,形貌对氧化锌纳米阵列的场发射电流密度和阈值电压有明显影响,而且不同形貌的氧化锌纳米阵列的抗溅射能力也不相同.     

Raman scattering and photoluminescence of Fe-doped ZnO nanocantilever arrays

Single crystalline Fe-doped ZnO nanocantilever arrays have been synthesized by thermal evaporating amorphous Zn-Fe-C-O composite powder. The characterizations of composition, structure and phonon spectrum properties of the nanocantilevers have been performed. Arrays of uniform, perfectly aligned and single-crystal nanowires have been observed by electron microscopy. The results of the X-ray photo-electric spectra and the Raman spectrum provide the evidence that Fe is incorporated into the ZnO lattice at Zn site. Abnormally, the room temperature UV emission band of Fe-doped ZnO nanocantilevers disappears and the green one has a large red-shift, and the intensity of the green emission is strongly quenched because the Fe^3＋ enters the ZnO crystal lattice.     

壳聚糖/ZnO复合材料制备及表征

通过在壳聚糖(CS)溶液中掺入乙酸锌制备了Zn2+/CS复合膜,采用化学溶液沉积法,在Zn2+/CS复合膜上生长氧化锌(ZnO),并通过改变生长液的组成成分寻找其最简单、优化的试验方案.通过UV-Vis、XRD和SEM表征,对样品进行分析研究.结果表明,在Zn(NO)3.6H2 O和NaOH组成的化学溶液环境中,Zn2+/CS复合膜中的ZnO最易生长,在Zn2+/CS复合膜的表面首先形成了一层ZnO粒子膜,然后ZnO粒子长大成六角纤锌结构、没有明显的择优取向的ZnO棒.光学性能测试显示ZnO/壳聚糖复合材料具有良好的光致发光性能.电阻率的测定表明ZnO/壳聚糖复合材料是一种防静电材料.     

不同离子对氧化锌晶体形貌的影响

以不同Zn盐Zn(CH3COO)2.2H2O,ZnCl2,ZnSO4.7H2O,Zn(NO3)2.6H2O与不同碱NaOH,KOH为原料,制得Zn(OH)42-前驱溶液,使之在水热环境下分解,生成ZnO晶体.产物通过全自动X射线衍射仪(XRD)进行物相分析,扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观测ZnO晶体的形貌和大小.170℃,溶液中的阴离子CH3COO-,SO42-,NO3-,Cl-分别与Na+构成干扰离子对,伴随着晶体生长12 h,晶体成长为片球集状、极性生长明显的花状、极性生长不明显的花状、小尺寸花状ZnO晶体;140℃,溶液中阳离子Na+,K+分别与CH3COO-作为离子对,干扰晶体生长,12 ...     

超声化学制备ZnO单分散纳米球及光学性能

以Zn（CH3COO）2.2H2O为锌源、三乙醇胺（TEA）为碱源,通过无模板超声化学技术制得了大面积单分散的纳米ZnO多孔球和实心球.产品用XRD、FESEM、IR、UV-vis吸收光谱和光致发光光谱对所制得的ZnO样品进行了结构、形貌和光学性质的测试.通过调控TEA浓度,可获得由20～25 nm的粒子组装成的ZnO多孔球和实心球,多孔球的直径为120～260 nm,实心球的直径为200～340 nm.对球形ZnO纳米结构的生长过程进行了探讨.     

Sb掺杂对电纺ZnO纳米纤维的结构与发光性质的影响

Sb掺杂ZnO纳米纤维材料在光电、气敏效应、P型导电等方面具有优异的性质。本文利用静电纺丝方法制备了不同Sb掺杂浓度的ZnO纳米纤维,研究了掺杂对纤维的形貌、结构以及发光性质的影响。发现随着掺杂浓度的提高,纤维的直径增加,晶粒尺寸变大。XRD和Raman的测量表明在掺杂浓度较高的情况下有杂相Zn,Sb2O12的存在。发光测试研究表明,随着掺杂浓度的提高,样品的发光呈现先增强后减弱的变化规律,并且样品发光伴随较强的激光热效应,对于未掺杂样品,由于其直径最小激光的热效应最为显著。     

制备参数对ZnO纳米线阵列特性的影响

针对目前水热法制备ZnO纳米线生长机制及成核过程中存在的一些模糊问题,利用水热法制备了一维ZnO纳米线阵列,研究了ZnO纳米线生长过程中反应液浓度、生长时间、反应压力、退火条件等实验参数对ZnO纳米线阵列的形貌、微结构及光电特性的影响,讨论了纳米线生长的成核机制及生长机理.研究结果对制备高质量一维ZnO半导体纳米线阵列并将其应用于微纳及光电子器件领域都有一定的参考价值.     

Ag掺杂ZnO纳米晶的发光特性

以Zn(NO3)3.6 H2O,AgNO3为原料,明胶为模板分散剂,采用凝胶模板燃烧法制备纯ZnO和ZnO∶Ag纳米晶,利用XRD,SEM,TEM和PL谱对样品的结构和性能进行了研究.结果表明∶掺杂前后产物粒子形状均为球形,结晶良好,属六方晶系结构且无杂相;Ag占据部分Zn格位或填隙位进入ZnO晶格,掺入量约为1%(摩尔分数);纯ZnO平均粒径约为40 nm,掺杂样品的平均粒径约为45 nm,Ag掺杂轻微地影响ZnO晶粒生长.PL谱显示Ag掺杂能够调整ZnO纳米晶的能带结构?提高表面态含量,进而使得ZnO:Ag纳米晶的可见发光能力显著增强.     

Immobilized ZnO based nanostructures and their environmental applications

In the research of semiconductor metal oxides, zinc oxide(ZnO) nanomaterials have been committed to design and exploration because of their unique physical and chemical properties. ZnO has many structural characteristics and has considerable practical applications in the field of environmental technology. However, ZnO nanomaterials used for environmental functions are often presented in the form of powders. After use, they need to go through recovery processes such as centrifugation and filtrati...