多层空腹钢桁架竖向承载受力机理研究

以新保利大厦工程实例为背景,通过算例,对多层空腹钢桁架竖向承载的受力机理进行了研究。分析了弦杆、腹杆的内力分布规律和受力机理,讨论了腹杆间距与弦杆截面尺寸的相关性,结果显示,腹杆间距与弦杆截面密切相关,腹杆对改善弦杆受力性能有重要作用。提出了弦杆、腹杆截面的简便估算方法,可为多层空腹钢桁架的推广应用提供参考。     

防屈曲耗能钢板墙在抗震加固中的应用

介绍了位移型阻尼器消能减震结构在多遇地震下的计算分析方法.针对某框架结构,布置16组防屈曲耗能钢板墙加固改造,采用ETABS2013软件进行了多遇地震快速非线性分析和罕遇地震静力弹塑性分析.通过比较分析结果,多遇地震下防屈曲耗能钢板墙屈服耗能,提高结构阻尼比,降低地震力的输入,结构层间位移角有所减小并满足规范要求.罕遇地震下结构抗震性能显著提升.     

半再生混凝土框架的抗震性能

为了研究半再生混凝土框架结构的抗震性能,设计一个1/4缩尺8层框架结构的模型,对其进行模拟地震整体结构振动台试验,依次对整体结构进行8度多遇烈度、8度基本烈度、8度罕遇烈度以及更强烈度的地震输入,研究整体结构的破坏模式与抗震性能,并进行整体结构弹塑性时程计算以及易损性分析。研究结果表明:半再生混凝土8层框架破坏模式为强柱弱梁破坏模式;在多遇烈度和罕遇烈度阶段,层间位移角均小于规范限值,满足8度抗震设防要求;半再生混凝土8层框架层间位移角满足规范要求;在多遇烈度下,该结构超越正常使用状态(层间位移角为1/550)概率为79.30%,但在罕遇烈度下,超越生命安全状态(层间位移角为1/50)概率为32.29%,表明该结构依概率满足规范限值要求。     

钢筋混凝土摩擦耗能支撑加固既有框架结构的研究

为了研究用钢筋混凝土摩擦耗能支撑对既有框架结构加固后的抗震性能,利用ETABS软件模拟既有框架结构加固前和加固后的模型。对比了两个模型的层间位移角、剪重比以及内力变化。通过研究表明:增设耗能支撑的加固措施,不仅能有效地改善既有框架结构的抗侧刚度,而且在罕遇地震作用下还能提供很好的耗能减震性能,从而使既有框架结构加固后具有足够的抗震安全储备实现其抗震设防目标。     

不同特性地震下加固后典型校舍抗倒塌与可恢复性能对比分析

中小学校是人员聚集场所,其校舍既是保障震时师生生命安全的重要载体,也是灾后重要的应急避难场所,地震作用下校舍抗倒塌性能和可恢复性对提升城镇抗震防灾能力有着重要意义。本文针对典型校舍的双跨钢筋混凝土（Reinforced Concrete, RC）框架结构,根据结构安全鉴定结果,开展基于外包角钢法和黏贴碳纤维布法的加固设计。随后,建立结构有限元模型,选取具有不同特性的地震动记录,开展加固前后多遇和罕遇地震作用下的结构地震响应分析。最后,基于倒塌概率和残余层间位移角指标,对比了不同特性地震作用下,加固前后双跨RC框架结构的抗倒塌和可恢复性能。结果表明：双跨RC框架结构具有较好的抗震性能,加固后薄弱层层间位移角在多遇和罕遇地震作用下分别降低21.89%和39.40%;近场地震的长周期和速度脉冲等特性对双跨RC框架抗倒塌和可恢复性能有较大影响,近场有脉冲和近场无脉冲地震作用下1.0g时的倒塌概率分别为远场地震作用下的4.45倍和2.92倍,相应的罕遇地震作用下薄弱层残余层间位移角比值分别为3.14和1.16;加固后倒塌概率和薄弱层残余层间位移角分别平均降低25.34%和54.87%。     

某增层框架结构弹塑性地震反应分析

本文按照现行抗震设计规范，利用有限元分析软件ANSYS，对某增层框架结构进行了罕遇地震下弹塑性地震反应分析，得到了结构在罕遇地震作用下的内力和位移，找出了结构的薄弱部位，对抗震设计提出了几点建议．计算结果表明。结构能满足大震不倒的设防要求．     

玻璃纤维增强塑料筋混凝土框架抗震性能的试验研究

为了研究玻璃纤维增强塑料筋混凝土框架的抗震性能,设计几何相似比为1∶4的结构缩尺模型,进行模拟地震振动台试验,采用4个不同强度水平地震作用进行单向、双向以及三向的地震波激励,得到模型的损伤和位移等宏观地震响应。结果表明：在罕遇地震作用下,玻璃纤维增强塑料筋结构达到中等破坏程度,但仍保持良好的整体性,基本符合“小震不坏,中震可修,大震不倒”的抗震设防标准;玻璃纤维增强塑料筋结构在竖向刚度突变位置出现较为严重破坏;为推迟构件开裂并提高承载能力,可使柱端弯矩增大系数增大并根据截面等效模量增大玻璃纤维增强塑料筋面积;在八度罕遇地震时,玻璃纤维增强塑料筋结构的层间位移角超过钢筋混凝土框架结构层间位移角限值,但仍具备一定的承载能力。     

钢框架结构基于能量的塑性设计方法

以"强柱弱梁"的屈服机理为前提,结合建筑抗震设计规范和能量平衡原理得到结构的基底剪力和各楼层的剪力,提出钢框架结构基于能量的塑性设计方法。该方法还需预先确定结构在罕遇地震下的目标位移和耗能折减系数η,并通过塑性设计法对各构件进行设计。利用Perform-3D软件对所设计结构进行非线性动力时程分析。研究结果表明:该方法可设计不同抗震设防烈度下的钢框架结构,且无需进行复杂的计算和迭代,就能使结构满足多遇及罕遇地震下的预定功能。     

交错桁架-柱装配式节点滞回性能试验研究

针对交错钢桁架与柱子装配式连接的工程应用和抗震设计需要,设计了三个不同连接构造的节点,试验研究了由上弦杆、斜腹杆和柱子组成的受轴力循环作用的桁架节点滞回性能,试验表明斜腹杆与节点板的焊接部位是薄弱环节,容易开裂破坏。在以上节点的斜腹杆破坏失效后,选择了其中两个节点,继续试验研究了由弦杆和柱子组成的受弯矩循环作用的框架节点滞回性能。分析了这些节点在斜腹杆失效前后的破坏特征、承载力、延性、耗能能力等性能以及不同连接构造细节对这些性能的影响。研究表明受循环轴力的桁架节点具有较高的承载力和初始刚度,但延性、耗能能力一般,弦杆与柱的连接构造形式对节点性能影响不显著;受循环弯矩的框架节点仍具有较高的抗弯承载力和耗能能力,但是弦杆与柱的连接构造形式对节点性能有较大的影响。为了抵抗地震作用,建议交错钢桁架的H形截面弦杆的上下翼缘应与柱子可靠连接,来确保斜腹杆破坏退出工作后弦杆通过抗弯方式传力到柱子,实现强节点的功效。     

多层工业厂房火灾后加固设计与抗震性能分析

为探究多层钢筋混凝土工业厂房在加固前后以及火灾前后的抗震性能变化情况,围绕火灾后多层工业厂房的加固设计和抗震性能分析展开研究.首先,建立多层钢筋混凝土框架结构火灾后抗震性能的有限元分析方法;随后,介绍某多层工业厂房结构特点和火灾后结构损伤情况,据此综合利用增大截面、粘贴钢板和粘贴纤维复合材料等方法对结构进行了加固设计;进而,建立了结构三维有限元模型,开展了结构动力特性和弹性地震响应分析;最后,进行了结构的动力弹塑性分析,探究了火灾前、后结构整体的抗震性能和加固措施对火灾后结构抗震性能的改善,并探讨了不同地震动特性对多层钢筋混凝土框架抗震性能的影响.研究结果表明:火灾后,整体结构地震响应明显大于火灾前,层间位移角最大增加了143％,且不同楼层层间位移角的增大幅度与楼层受火情况密切相关;近场地震作用下的结构响应大于远场地震,罕遇地震作用下底层层间位移角在近场地震作用下可达远场地震作用的2.71倍;所提出的加固方案有效提升了结构抗震性能,罕遇地震作用下底层层间位移角平均减少115.7％.研究成果可为多层工业厂房火灾安全性评估和加固设计提供参考.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-