新型碳氮合金化自保护硬面药芯焊丝

研制了一种碳氮合金化自保护硬面药芯焊丝,探讨了碳氮合金化硬面药芯焊丝堆焊层金属中的碳氮化物质点作用,对碳氮合金化堆焊层金属及450～650℃不同热处理温度下的硬度、金属显微组织和微区化学成分以及耐磨损性能进行了分析.结果表明:碳氮合金化自保护硬面药芯焊丝堆焊层金属中的第二相质点为Cr,Ti,V和Nb的碳氮化合物的复合物,这些化合物对堆焊层硬面金属起到析出强化的作用;弥散均匀分布的细小碳氮化物质点可使碳氮合金化硬面金属具有良好的耐磨粒磨损性能.     

Cr3C2颗粒增强型堆焊合金组织与性能分析

对加入Cr3C2的药芯焊丝制备的Cr3C2增强型堆焊合金组织和性能进行了分析。添加Cr3C2的自保护药芯焊丝堆焊工艺性能良好,堆焊表面少飞溅,无裂纹气孔。通过对比实验研究发现,加入Cr3C2的药芯焊丝制备的Cr3C2增强型堆焊合金组织细小,高温冲击韧性明显优于WC颗粒增强型药芯焊丝,合金组织中既有颗粒增强型药芯焊丝堆焊产生的颗粒增强相,又有高铬铸铁型药芯焊丝堆焊产生的高硬度初生碳化物,双重强化机制使堆焊层显微硬度达到含Nb高铬铸铁堆焊层的水平,平均硬度60 HRC以上。     

高铬铸铁型自保护药芯焊丝堆焊组织与性能分析

研制了一种自保护高铬铸铁型药芯焊丝,对其堆焊金属组织与性能进行了分析,结果表明:堆焊金属表面硬度达到HRC60以上,堆焊金属显微组织主要为马氏体+残余奥氏体+M1C3,型碳化物;初生碳化物主要沿堆焊层向母材方向生长,其表面硬度为HVl783,侧面为HVll27:共晶碳化物围绕在初生碳化物周围生长,其显微硬度为HV830:在相同磨损条件下磨损1h后,堆焊金属相对耐磨性为Q235钢的14倍左右,在药芯中加入适量的稀土氧化物能提高堆焊金属的耐磨性.     

轧机支撑辊堆焊修复工艺

通过对中板2800轧机支撑辊利用药芯焊丝埋弧堆焊修复后,工作层硬度达到HRC≥42,提高了轧辊的耐磨性,降低了成本,堆焊后进行了实验分析,得到了最佳堆焊规范要求.     

埋弧自动焊高耐磨堆焊层焊剂的研制

研制了一种制作大面积埋弧自动焊高耐磨堆焊层用非熔炼焊剂。使用该焊剂配以H0 8A焊丝进行埋弧堆焊 ,可获得硬度为HRC 58～ 63的均匀堆焊层。利用金相、TEM和X射线衍射分析堆焊层的组织结构 ,结果表明 ,堆焊层组织为大量细小的马氏体加残余奥氏体及碳化物。该堆焊层的耐磨性是 45钢的 8倍以上     

堆焊层数对D707堆焊层组织性能的影响

采用D707耐磨堆焊焊条在低碳钢Q235A上进行平板堆焊实验,利用光学显微镜及HRS-150的数显洛氏硬度计,研究堆焊层数与堆焊金属组织、性能的关系.实验结果表明:D707焊条堆焊层的组织为Fe3W3C、针状马氏体和残余奥氏体,热影响区组织晶粒细小,分布均匀.堆焊一层、二层、三层的硬度值分别为61.07HRC、62.97HRC、63.07HRC,随着堆焊层数的增加,基体对熔敷金属的稀释率逐渐减小,堆焊层组织中碳化物比值增高,硬度值及耐腐蚀性随堆焊层数增加有所提高,但堆焊层数再增加时,硬度值及耐腐蚀性不再提高.     

限动芯棒的堆焊修复制造技术及应用

采用药芯焊丝埋弧堆焊硬面技术,可修复制造热连轧无缝管机组用限动芯棒。本文介绍了堆焊修复制造该类芯棒的堆焊技术要求、堆焊材料的选择、堆焊修复制造工艺的特点及流程,并结合现场使用情况对芯棒堆焊利弊进行分析。     

CO_2气体保护焊/喷射送粉法制备Fe基耐磨堆焊层研究

将传统CO2气体保护焊与喷射送粉法复合,在Q235碳钢表面堆焊Fe-C-Cr-BNi系合金,研究了Ni元素含量变化对堆焊层组织和硬度的影响.利用金相显微镜观察堆焊层组织,结合EDS、XRD分析堆焊层的相成分,采用洛氏硬度计测试堆焊层表面的硬度.研究结果表明:堆焊层由马氏体、奥氏体以及(Fe,Cr)7C3和(Fe,Cr)2B硬质化合物组成.堆焊层熔合区由固溶体组成,过热区晶粒粗大,母材区组织均匀.堆焊层的HRC值范围为51.1~56.5,随着Ni含量的增加,堆焊层的硬度缓慢降低.     

CaF_2-CaO-Al_2O_3型电渣堆焊高铬铸铁烧结焊剂

研制出一种CaF_2-CaO-Al_2O_3型高铬铸铁电渣堆焊烧结焊剂,采用渣池稳定性、堆焊缺陷和脱渣性作为焊剂的工艺性能的评价指标.研究结果表明:当焊剂中CaO和Al_2O_3质量分数比例为1∶1,CaF_2质量分数为40%时,液态渣池电导率为3.304 5Ω~(-1)·cm~(-1),黏度为0.083Pa·s,表面张力为338.456N/m;电渣堆焊过程稳定,堆焊层成形良好,渣皮易脱落.所研制的焊剂与高铬铸铁焊丝匹配进行电渣堆焊,焊丝中合金元素Cr和C的过渡率分别达到91%和83%,堆焊层为初晶奥氏体+共晶组织组成的亚共晶高铬铸铁组织,硬度为50.9±1.5HRC,焊剂能够满足高铬铸铁电渣堆焊使用要求.     

热处理对Fe-Mo-Cr-B堆焊合金组织的影响

以Mo、B、Cr、Ni、C及Fe粉末为药芯,低碳冷轧H08A钢为外皮,采用药芯焊丝埋弧堆焊方法制备FeMo-Cr-B堆焊合金,并分别对堆焊试样进行淬火与退火处理。结合光学显微镜、SEM、EDS、XRD及硬度测试等手段,研究热处理前后堆焊层组织、物相、成分及硬度变化。结果表明,Fe-Mo-Cr-B堆焊合金组织由α-Fe、Mo2FeB2、(Fe,Cr)2B及少量(Fe,Cr)_(23)(B,C)_6组成;堆焊试样在经950℃保温30min淬火或退火处理后,网状硼化物共晶组织消失,其物相组成为α-Fe和颗粒Mo2FeB2,且退火试样中Mo2FeB2数量较多;热处理后试样堆焊层硬度分布较为均匀,硬度显著提高,且其与基体结合界面过渡层的厚度增加。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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