铝铝薄板爆炸焊接厚度匹配性研究

针对覆板、基板与炸药几何尺寸是实现高质量板材爆炸焊接的重要初始参数.利用数值模拟为主、验证实验为辅的方法,进行了炸药厚度对一定厚度铝质复板与基板爆炸焊接质量影响规律的研究.将爆炸焊接简化为二维问题,进行大量数值计算,综合板材温度、压力、材料密度、覆板速度等动态参数比较分析,得到一定条件下实现较薄铝板成功焊接的炸药极限厚度,并进行了实验验证.在数值模拟及实验数据基础上,进行了覆板、基板厚度与炸药厚度匹配性分析.利用拟合法得到了基板厚度一定条件下,炸药厚度极限值随覆板厚度变化的经验公式;利用多元回归方法,对炸药厚度、覆板厚度与基板厚度之间的关系进行了分析,这对于铝板爆炸焊接实际应用具有较重要意义.     

不同厚度壳体装药在混凝土中爆炸的实验研究

为研究装药壳体厚度对混凝土毁伤效果的影响,设计了不同厚度壳体装药和无边界效应的混凝土靶板,并进行了实验.实验结果表明,在壳体厚度较小时,爆坑体积比裸装药炸药时的爆坑体积大;当壳体厚度增大时,爆坑体积呈下降趋势.随着壳体厚度的增加,壳体破碎性下降.通过空气冲击波超压测试,并结合经验公式计算了形成空气冲击波的能量占炸药爆炸总能量的比例.     

变埋深条件下土中爆炸成坑效应

为了研究在变埋深情况下,炸药在土中爆炸成坑和伴随的应力波传播规律,利用自由场化爆试验和数值模拟相结合的方法,研究了土中装药不同埋设深度爆炸效应问题,描述了爆炸成坑宏观破坏现象,给出了土中压力和实测波形,并对测试结果进行了分析,得到了土中爆炸成坑的经验公式和压力传播规律。在自由场实验和数值模拟的基础上,得到了变埋深条件下应力波在土中传播规律、爆炸成坑半经验公式、半封闭爆炸阶段弹坑半径预估公式。     

两种典型形状装药的近场爆炸载荷研究

为了研究装药形状对近场爆炸载荷的影响,采用数值方法分析比较了球形和圆柱形(长径比为1)2种典型形状装药中心起爆情况下的近场爆炸载荷。结果表明:球形装药产生的爆炸载荷分布均匀,爆炸波以球面形式向各个方向传播;圆柱形装药产生的爆炸载荷存在着明显的方向性,爆炸波呈空间十字形分布,爆炸波沿装药轴向的传播速度和超压峰值大于径向;比例距离小于1.1 m/kg1/3时圆柱形装药轴向和径向爆炸载荷大于球形装药;离爆心比例距离小于2.5 m/kg1/3的区域可以视为爆炸近场,装药形状对该区域内的爆炸载荷有显著影响。     

装药爆炸临界震塌爆距的计算分析

运用分段插值函数来表达石质坑道震塌计算经验公式中的爆距与洞跨径比影响系数,给出了隧道工程临界震塌爆距的实用计算方法;通过回归分析,得出了结构动、静载荷段交界点临界震塌爆距爆炸角的计算公式,可用于工程中区分结构动、静载荷段,以及确定结构最小安全防护层厚度。该方法计算过程简单,计算精度与原公式一致,并对在GBU-28装药爆炸作用下,一至四类围岩隧道工程震塌爆距进行了分析研究,得出了一些有益的结论,可供有关科研及工程实践参考。     

内部爆炸作用下混凝土靶背面临界震塌条件

为研究内部爆炸作用下混凝土靶背面临界震塌条件,采用量纲分析对内部爆炸作用下有限厚混凝土靶背面震塌破坏进行研究,得到了量纲一的临界震塌厚度的工程计算式. 结果表明,当装药密度一定时,随着装药直径或装药长径比的增加,临界震塌厚度也非线性递增,且存在极限临界震塌厚度;研究表明,临界震塌厚度关于装药直径存在第二类自相似.      

可燃气体爆炸数值模拟模型简化分析

可燃气体爆炸过程可以采用欧拉方程或N-S方程数值模拟.本文由N-S方程推导了火焰加速及爆燃和爆轰速度计算的简明公式.公式计算结果与实验结果符合较好,能够根据可燃气体爆炸特性快速计算火焰速度及爆燃转爆轰发生的判据.     

单个装药浅层水中沉底爆炸的数值模拟

采用ＡＬＥ算法,对单个装药浅层水中沉底爆炸进行了数值模拟。计算结果与实测结果较好地吻合。根据数值计算结果,分析了爆炸流场中冲击波传播规律;给出了不同时刻水中压力等值面分布,空间不同点压力时程曲线;分析了水底,水面对水中爆炸冲击波传播及对流场压力变化规律的影响。获得了浅层水中爆炸流场参量分布与变化规律的初步认识。     

近场水下爆炸载荷对舰船结构的局部毁伤特性

主要采用任意的拉格朗日-欧拉（ALE）方法的LS-DYNA软件,对舱段结构在水下近场爆炸与水下接触爆炸情况下的毁伤特性进行研究.为验证该方法的有效性,首先运用该方法对TNT炸药在水下爆炸产生的冲击波峰值进行模拟,将模拟得到的仿真值与经验公式的计算值进行对比,从而验证该方法的有效性.运用该方法对平板水下接触爆炸实验进行验证,将模拟结果与试验结果进行对比,进一步验证ALE方法的有效性.最后,采用ALE方法分别对不同结构型式的舱段在水下近场爆炸与水下接触爆炸进行数值模拟,研究不同结构型式舱段结构在不同工况下的毁伤特性,定量分析破口大小与结构毁伤模式.      

地雷战斗部爆炸成型弹丸速度影响因素

采用LS-DYNA3D对K．Weimann等人做的爆炸成型弹丸实验进行了数值模拟,其模拟结果与实验结果具有较好的一致性。在此模拟的基础上着重分析了装药长径比、壳体厚度、药型罩壁厚对爆炸成型弹丸速度的影响规律,得到了有关爆炸成型弹丸成型速度关系式,为优化爆炸成型弹丸设计提供参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that