54例累及颅底的鼻咽癌、脊索瘤及垂体瘤的MRI影像

目的:探讨累及颅底的鼻咽癌、脊索瘤和垂体瘤MRI影像特点,以期提高对其鉴别诊断水平.方法:搜集经病理证实的累及颅底的28例鼻咽癌、10例脊索瘤及16例垂体瘤,比较分析其MRI表现. 结果:本组鼻咽癌在T1WI上有10例表现为等信号,18例表现为稍低信号;在T2WI上10例表现为等信号,18例表现为稍高信号,形态不规则,边界不清.脊索瘤10例在T1WI上均表现为信号欠均匀,以低信号为主,混杂有等信号,其中有1例伴有斑片状高信号影;T2WI上均表现为不均匀明显高信号,为分叶状肿块,边界较为清楚.垂体瘤16例在T1WI上表现为均匀等信号或稍低信号,边界清楚,其中4例肿瘤内有出血.28例鼻咽癌的肿瘤中心部位均位于一侧的鼻咽侧壁;脊索瘤10例中有9例肿瘤的中心部位在颅底中线处的斜坡,1例肿瘤的中心部位在左侧枕骨、颞骨交界区;16例垂体瘤的肿瘤中心部位位于蝶鞍.结论:根据MRI信号特点、肿瘤中心点部位和边缘情况,大多数累及颅底的鼻咽癌、脊索瘤和垂体瘤可以作出正确诊断.     

Correlation of chromosomal polysomy with overexpression of c-myc and c-erbB-2 in primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Tissue microarray study

Many genes may be involved in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) development and progression. Several known oncogenes, including c-myc and c-erb-B2, have been shown to have structural alteration and aberrant expression in NPC. Here, we constructed a tissue microarray to determine the status of c-myc and c-erbB-2 oncogenes at the DNA and protein levels using interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) and to define the diagnostic, prognostic importance of the genetic changes. Results showed that amplification of c-myc and c-erbB-2 was not found in NPC. Polysomy 8 and 17 were observed in 43%-50% and 20%-27% of NPC tumors, respectively. Overexpressions of c-myc and c-erbB-2 oncoproteins were detected in 53.6% and 54.5% cases of NPC with polysomy 8 and 17, respectively. There was no significant correlation between c-myc and c-erbB-2 staining and the clinical stage. But overexpression of c-erbB-2 was associated with polysomy 17 in NPC. These findings suggest that chromosomal polysomy, not gene amplification, may be partially responsible for the upregulated expression of c-erbB-2 oncogene in NPC.     

Cyclin D1与p21WAF1在鼻咽癌中的表达

目的探讨鼻咽上皮癌变过程中周期蛋白CyclinD1与抑癌基因p21（wild—type p53 activated fragment 1,p21wAF1）蛋白的表达及其意义。方法应用免疫组化方法检测47例鼻咽癌组织、21例癌旁上皮组织和14例正常鼻咽粘膜中Cyclin D1与p21WAF1蛋白表达。结果从鼻咽正常粘膜、癌旁粘膜上皮组织到癌组织,Cyclin D1表达阳性率逐渐增加,并且差异有显著意义（均为P〈0．05）。p21WAF1蛋白在以上组织中阳性率较高,且各组间差异无显著性。结论Cyclin D1、p21WAF1蛋白与鼻咽部上皮细胞恶性增生密切相关,p21wA兀蛋白表达可能与细胞周期调控的反馈机制有关。     

MiR-205 inhibits the invasion and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by modulating SMAD1 expression

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC） is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. In this study, we aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of metastasis inhibition by miR-205 in ESCC. In microRNA （miRNA） array and quantitative RT-PCR analyses, we found that the expression level of miR-205 was significantly lower in patients with lymph node metastasis compared with that in patients without lymph node metastasis. After transfection of miR-205 mimics or inhibitors into ESCC cell lines, a significant negative correlation was observed between the expression level of miR-205 and Smad 1. In luciferase reporter assays, we revealed that miR- 205 inhibited the expression of SMAD1 by targeting the 3＇ untranslated region （3＇-UTR） of SMAD1 mRNA in ESCC cells. Furthermore, our results showed that miR-205 sup- pressed the invasion and migration of ESCC cells, whereas Smadl increased their invasion and migration. Taken together, our study demonstrates that miR-205 functions as a suppressor of tumor metastasis by regulating SMAD1 expression through targeting the 3＇-UTR of SMAD1 mRNAin ESCC. Therefore, miR-205 may be a potential therapeutic target for miRNA-based therapy of ESCC.