蛋白质中氨基酸间的相关性研究

计算和分析了4种类型(α型、β型、α／β型和α β型)共计204个蛋白质中的20种氨基酸间的相关性．研究发现，氨基酸之间的相关性可分为强正相关、强负相关、弱相关和不相关．作为蛋白质的建筑构件，20种氨基酸在不同类型的蛋白质中的相关性反映了这些建筑构件间的匹配规则，代表了蛋白质的结构特征．本文分析了部分氨基酸间的相关性与蛋白质结构间的联系，从物理和化学性质上解释了氨基酸相关性的起源。     

不同折叠类型蛋白中基于密码子的二级结构偏向性分析

在传统的Chou-Fasman蛋白质二级结构预测方法的基础上引入同义密码子使用的信息,计算了200个蛋白(49种全α结构蛋白,69种全β结构蛋白,38种仅α β结构蛋白,44种α/β结构蛋白)中不同密码子对应的氨基酸形成不同二级结构(α：螺旋,β：折叠,C：卷曲)的偏向性参数．通过对这些密码子对应氨基酸二级结构偏向性的分析,得到了氨基酸二级结构偏向性分析中所忽略的同义密码子的蛋白结构信息．这些新的信息量对于指导蛋白质设计以及提高蛋白质二级结构预测的准确率有着一定的作用．     

Prediction of Topological Structure of Protein from Its Secondary Structure Sequence

提出由蛋白质二级结构序列预测拓扑结构的方案，对全α全β和α／β型蛋白质制定了预测规则．预测成功率为８５％～９０％．     

基于氨基酸亲疏水分布的最小离散增量方法识别蛋白质超家族

摆脱目前常用的基于特征模体来识别超家族的方法,引入单个氨基酸的物理化学性质(亲疏水性质)及其在氨基酸序列中的分布特征参数(分段的方法),利用最小离散增量算法对属于同一结构类的不同超家族进行了识别,总预测成功率令人满意.选取了全α类、全β类、α β类、α/β类中的各4个超家族分别进行了识别.对全α类的4个超家族,se lf-cons istency检验和jack-kn ife检验可达83.0%,81.2%;对全β类的4个超家族,两种检验均为80.9%;对α β类的4个超家族,两种检验总成功率最高分别为88.6%,88.0%;识别α/β类的4个超家族时两种检验的结果分别为69.3%和67.6%.     

不同折叠类型蛋白编码基因的密码子使用

对195个编码不同折叠类型蛋白（50种全α结构蛋白，66种全β结构蛋白，37种α β结构蛋白，42种α/β结构蛋白）基因的密码子使用偏性的方差分析研究表明，不同折叠类型蛋白的密码子使用偏性有着显著的区别，特定折叠类型的蛋白有着特定的编码基因的密码子使用模式，这一结果表明，在蛋白质折叠类型和蛋白质二级结构的预测过程中，编码基因的密码子使用偏性可以作为蛋白质一级结构以外的一项重要的预测标准。     

一种预测蛋白质结构型的新方法

基于蛋白质的结构类型决定于它的二级结构序列的概念 ,将蛋白质的二级结构含量和二级结构序列参数 Nα,Nβ,Nβαβ结合起来构成离散源 ,分别计算四种结构类型的标准离散量 D( Xα) ,D( Xβ) ,D( Xα/β) ,D( Xα β) ,利用离散增量的概念 ,蛋白质的结构类型是由这个蛋白质的离散量 D( X)与四个标准离散量之间离散增量的最小值所决定的 .因此 ,对标准集中 35 9个蛋白的结构型进行检测并对检验集中 1 1 7个蛋白质进行结构预测 ,标准集的准确率为 87% ,检验集的预测准确率为 88%     

蛋白质结构域折叠类型的离散量理论预测

根据最近的SCOP库,依据2616个蛋白质结构域折叠类型的分类和PDB库中这些蛋白质的主二级结构序列,计算了这些蛋白质中α螺旋、β折叠和βαβ片段单元的数目,并以此为主要参数构成信息离散源,用离散量方法预测了这些蛋白结构域的折叠类型.结果表明,运用各种不同标准集和检验集,得到α类、β类、α/β类和α β类蛋白质结构域的预测成功率均在99%,92%,89%和87%以上.对标准集总的平均预测成功率为93.82%,对检验集总的平均预测成功率为94.35%.     

蛋白质结构型预测的研究

以 nα、nβ、nβαβ、n4α、n4β等五个二级结构参数为基础 ,用离散增量研究了蛋白质的聚类和蛋白质的结构型预测 .α型 ,β型和 αβ型可以很好地分别聚在三个大支中 .蛋白质结构型预测总体预测正确率为 82 % ,用 Self-consistency和 Jake-knife这两种方法测试的结果没有明显的差别 .从结果可以看出利用蛋白质的二级结构参数能较好地体现出各种结构型蛋白质的特点 .     

由蛋白质二级结构序列预测拓扑结构

提出由蛋白质二级结构序列预测拓扑结构的方案，对全ａ全β和α／β型蛋白质制定了预测规则，预测成功率为８５％～９０％。     

基于蛋白质二级结构序列的结构型预测

以蛋白质二级结构含量为基础利用Mahalanobis距离和以蛋白质二级结构序列建立数学模型相结合的方法来预测α型、β型、α+β型和α/β型四种蛋白质结构型。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to