具有抗肿瘤活性的天然萜类化合物

萜类化合物是广泛分布于植物、昆虫、微生物和海洋生物体内的一大类有机化合物，其中很多具有一定的抗肿瘤生物活性。这些抗肿瘤天然萜类化合物中分布较多的为倍半萜类的二萜类，它们分子结构中的订生物活性基团为α－亚甲基－γ－丁内酯，该文着重阐述了近年来在这一领域中的研究进展。     

原白头翁素的合成和生物活性研究

用乙酰丙酸为原料,经α-当归内酯,合成了原白头翁素。用IR,UV,~1HNMR,Ms谱进行合成物的结构的确证。并进行了杀虫活性的试验。     

连续法合成DL-a-羟基-β,β-二甲基-γ-丁内脂新工艺

泛酸、泛酸钙、泛酰醇作为有疗效的维生素,通常被用作食品及饲料添加剂。我国人口众多,又是畜产大国,近年来,随着我国食品及饲料工业的发展,对上述添加剂的需求与日俱增,2000年仅饲料行业对泛酸钙的需求量就达到近600吨。DL-α-羟基-β,β-二甲基-γ-丁内酯(后文简称为γ-丁内酯)是合成上述产品的关键中间体,而我国合成γ-丁内酯的技术落后,成本高、收率低、质量不稳定,严重制约了生产发展。 以前常用的生产工艺主要是以异丁     

连续法合成DL—a—羟基—β，β—二甲基—γ—丁内脂新工艺

泛酸、泛酸钙、泛酰醇作为有疗效的维生素,通常被用作食品及饲料添加剂.我国人口众多,又是畜产大国,近年来,随着我国食品及饲料工业的发展,对上述添加剂的需求与日俱增,2000年仅饲料行业对泛酸钙的需求量就达到近600吨.DL-α-羟基-β,β-二甲基-γ-丁内酯(后文简称为γ-丁内酯)是合成上述产品的关键中间体,而我国合成γ-丁内酯的技术落后,成本高、收率低、质量不稳定,严重制约了生产发展.     

连续法合成DL-α-羟基-β,β-二甲基-γ-丁内脂新工艺

泛酸、泛酸钙、泛酰醇作为有疗效的维生素,通常被用作食品及饲料添加剂.我国人口众多,又是畜产大国,近年来,随着我国食品及饲料工业的发展,对上述添加剂的需求与日俱增,2000年仅饲料行业对泛酸钙的需求量就达到近600吨.DL-α-羟基-β,β-二甲基-γ-丁内酯(后文简称为γ-丁内酯)是合成上述产品的关键中间体,而我国合成γ-丁内酯的技术落后,成本高、收率低、质量不稳定,严重制约了生产发展.     

一种γ－亚甲基－γ－丁内酯的烷基取代物防治小麦赤霉病的研究

拟原白头翁素（ｐｒｏｔｏａｎｅｍｏｎｏｉｄ）是毛茛科植物生物活性物质经结构改造后的一类化合物，其中γ－亚甲基－γ－丁内酯的一个烷基取代物暂名为９１０５１２－５，可望发展成为杀菌剂新品种．通过气相色谱和生物测定证明，其化学物及其制剂有效成分和生物活性均较稳定．经室内小麦赤霉病菌毒力测定，抑制５０％的剂量（μｇ／ｍｌ）分生孢子萌发为１８３．６，菌丝生长为２０５．５．同室自然条件下人工接首试验结果，４００μｇ／ｍｌ剂量能很好地控制病情．大田试验初步证明，不论重病田或一般发病四，小麦扬花期一次喷布９１０５１２－５，防效较稳定，且使用剂量较低（３００ｇ／ｈａ），增产作用显著（小麦理论增产７．５～１０．５％）．     

4-甲基-5-(β-羟乙基)-噻唑的制备

由α-乙酰-γ-丁内酯出发,经氯化,水解脱羧,合环,重氮化,还原5步反应,合成了4-甲基-5-(β-羟乙基)-噻唑.采用硫酸代替盐酸避免了副产物2-氯-4-甲基-5-(β-羟乙基)-噻唑的生成,采用一锅法完成了目标物的制备,显著提高了重氮化还原过程中的收率,简化了工艺,总收率可达70%.     

中国软珊瑚化学成份的研究(四)

从软珊瑚sinularia foeta 分离出一个少见的去甲基十四元环二萜内酯(Ⅰ),C_(19)H_(24)O_6.从(Ⅰ)及其六氢化产物(Ⅰ_α)和六氢化二酰化产物(Ⅰ_b)的光谱数据证明了(Ⅰ)的结构.根据它们的光谱数据的相互关系解释了(Ⅰ_α)的内酯羰基红外吸收的偏低和(Ⅰ)的4个带氧的sp~3碳在高分辨率~(13)CNMR 谱中显示的五个信号.此外,还分离出另一个化合物,新的甾醇C_(30)H_(50)O,23乙基-24亚甲基-△~5-胆甾烯-3β卢醇.     

β（γ）-吡啶甲酰（硫）脲类化合物的合成及生物活性测定

采用活性基团拼接法，将叔丁基引入到含有吡啶环的酰基(硫)脲结构中，设计合成了4个未见文献报道的N′-叔丁基-N-β(γ)一吡啶甲酰基脲及N′-叔丁胺基羰基-N-β(γ)-吡啶甲酰基硫脲类化合物，其结构经元素分析，IR和^1HNMR得到确证，初步的生物活性测试结果表明部分化合物具有较好的除草活性。     

中国软珊瑚化学成分的研究(二十二)——小棒短指软珊瑚(Sinularia microclavata)的化学成分

从中国小棒短指软珊瑚(Sinularia microclavata)的天然代谢产物,分离出10个结晶化合物。本文对3β、5α、6β-三羟基,24-亚甲基胆甾烷(24-methylene cholestane-3β、5α,6β-triol),24-亚甲基胆甾醇(24-methylenecholesterol)和柳珊瑚甾醇(gorgosterol)3个化合物进行了波谱和化学分析,并推导了它们的结构。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~