消费者需求识别与培育理论浅析

营销管理的本质是需求管理,中外学者对需求识别及培育领域的研究各有见地。我们认为,有必要从消费者需求表现角度对需求进行重新分类,站在企业的立场上,立足于“开拓市场、满足消费者需求、获得消费满意”,建立新的需求识别与培育模型,以期实现营销学界“通过识别需求达到顾客满意,通过培育需求实现顾客忠诚”的目标。     

大规模定制消费品顾客需求识别研究

随着现代市场竞争的加剧,为消费者提供定制化的产品,已经成为现代企业追求新的竞争优势的一种趋势.顾客需求识别是合理地为产品定价,达到企业盈利最大化的前提条件.构建了大规模定制消费品的需求识别模型,并通过实际调研,证明了模型的合理性.     

基于顾客偏好的瓶装水外观感性质量评价

从感性质量评价的角度提取13个感性质量评价词对,用于全面且针对性地评价顾客对瓶装水的偏好.以"想购买"为综合感性提取瓶装水的感性质量评价要素,结合聚类分析等方法确定7种代表性样本.基于语义差异法构建瓶装水感性质量评价量表,运用多元回归模型分析建立顾客偏好与感性评价词对之间的关系模型.关系模型解决了如何识别顾客偏好和感性质量需求,以及如何将这些偏好和需求整合到产品设计过程中的问题.     

面向顾客需求的供应链合作伙伴选择模型

提出了一个使顾客需要最大化的供应链伙选择的决策模型，模型分为两个阶段，首先根据各阶段各公司的一些指标利用DEA模型进行过滤，从中选择效率高的公司，然后提出了基于顾客需求的目标规划模型来对各种组合进行优化分析，以从中选择一个使顾客需求最大的最佳组合，还给出了实例。     

论工程质量管理中的“顾客满意”

顾客满意是顾客对其要求已被满足的程度的感受,在工程质量管理中具有重要作用.顾客满意具有客观性、主观性、抽样性、动态性和全面性.建筑业企业应当从调查、识别并理解顾客的需求和期望,确保企业的目标与顾客的需求和期望相统一等六个方面使顾客满意,并采用顾客满意公式考评顾客满意程度.     

基于人工免疫机理和LS-SVM的顾客需求重要度预测

为了提高质量功能配置过程的动态决策水平,实现顾客需求重要度的有效预测,采用最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)建立顾客需求重要度预测模型,并结合人工免疫机理,以LS-SVM模型参数为抗体、顾客需求重要度预测误差为抗原,采用克隆算法完成顾客需求重要度LS-SVM预测模型参数的免疫优化选择.文中还以数控瓦楞纸板印刷模切机顾客需求重要度预测为例验证了所提方法的可行性,并与基于灰色模型和神经网络模型的顾客需求重要度预测方法进行了比较,结果表明,所提出的基于人工免疫机理与LS-SVM的顾客需求重要度预测方法可行,且预测效果较好.     

基于多质量屋的质量功能配置线性优化模型研究

质量功能配置能在新产品开发设计过程中快速有效地将市场调查阶段所获取的目标顾客需求信息转换为目标新产品的具体工程技术特性。在单维质量屋规划模型的基础上提出了一个基于多个质量屋的质量功能配置线性优化模型，该模型充分利用了不同质量屋中各个组成部分的信息，能够权衡、优化质量屋中存在的各种矛盾和冲突。以某汽车企业产品开发的顾客需求和技术需求项目为案例，给出了该模型的数学实现。     

基于顾客价值的物流企业能力要素分析及评价

企业的价值来源于顾客价值.以物流企业为研究对象,从识别和满足顾客需求的角度,构建了物流企业的能力要素体系,并认为企业的能力由运营能力、变革能力和学习能力三个层面构成,其中运营能力和变革能力决定了企业满足顾客需求的能力,学习能力决定了企业是否能够准确识别顾客关键需求.结合物流企业的特征,将每一层面细分为若干子能力要素,运用多级综合模糊评判法对物流企业能力进行定量评价,以期为物流企业培育核心能力提供决策依据.     

考虑顾客时间敏感的差异化排队策略

将具有个性化需求的顾客视为普通顾客并提供服务,不仅会降低顾客满意度,还会使企业丧失部分潜在顾客从而减少收入。文章根据这类顾客的个性化需求,设置不同的服务率,比较单队列双服务器和双队列双服务器2个模型分别在标准排队系统中的成本优化问题和在梯形到达排队系统中的收益优化问题,并考虑不耐烦顾客在其预期等待时间超过容忍范围时选择离开的情形。研究结果表明,服务商面对具有个性化需求的顾客时,若设置足够大的服务率才能满足顾客的需求,则单队列模型对服务商来说是更好的选择;反之,若设置较小的服务率即可满足顾客的个性化需求,则双队列模型对服务商来说是更优的选择。     

不确定需求下多类型自提点多目标选址

考虑顾客快递数量的不确定性，引入顾客满意度函数，以自提点运营成本最小化和顾客满意度最大化为目标，构建多类型自提点选址问题的整数二次规划模型，通过高德平台获取需求点与自提点之间的实际取货距离，运用三角模糊数刻画顾客快递数量的不确定性，进而将模型转化为模糊机会约束规划模型。采用Epsilon约束算法结合Cplex求解器对实例求解，并对比NSGA-Ⅱ算法，再应用模糊集理论得出折中解，折中解方案较目标最优方案顾客满意度降低了11.4%,运营成本增加了26.3%。结果表明：随着顾客快递数量的增加，自提点的运营成本和顾客满意度均呈现先增后减的趋势；构建多类型自提点可以有效兼顾成本和顾客满意度，实现系统最优。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with