云南小江流域第四纪洪积-泥石流沉积的年代与地层划分

ESR年代学研究和山原红壤发育年龄测算表明，云南小江流域第四纪洪积－泥石流沉积自早更新世中期出现以来，洪积－泥石流沉积就一直是该流域海拔2200m以下河谷地带的主要表地质过程，其沉积地层可分别归属于早更新世中，晚期，中、晚更新世和全更新世。     

广州地区晚第四纪孢粉气候研究

 利用广州地区南北2个不同沉积地貌区的钻孔进行孢粉分析,结合测年和沉积信息,分析了广州所代表的珠江三角洲地区晚更新世以来的沉积环境和气候变化。孢粉分析结果显示：在晚更新世珠江三角洲地区气候经历了偏冷干-偏凉干-暖湿-热湿-偏凉干-冷干的变化过程,末次冰期对本区具有明显影响,使全新世和晚更新世孢粉组合表现出一定的差异;全新世气候明显转暖湿,整体上以暖湿为主,但出现了一些小的气候波动事件,最明显的是在2 250 a BP 前后偏凉干的变化;该区在晚更新世和全新世各经历过一次海侵,两孔反映的气候期和海平面变化较为一致,气候和海平面变化也有很好的对应。两孔在地层、沉积相和孢粉特征上的差异是地理位置、沉积环境和基座地貌等差异造成的。     

丁村湖的形成及演化环境

丁村湖是在串珠状古汾河贯通以后形成的,受气体与构造的影响,第四纪时出现过多次的伸收扩缩过程,早更新世时,丁村湖所在地为三门湖的一部分而存在;中更新世早、中期三门湖面积缩小,汾河贯通,柴庄隆起逐渐形成,丁村湖出现;中更新世末期-晚更新世初,受末次间冰期气体转暖的影响,是丁村湖面积最大时期;到了晚更新世末期,随末次冰期的来临,湖泊收缩,仅在低洼地区或拗陷中心地区以遗迹湖的形式残留一些小湖,有些还延续至全新世。     

汾河下游三万年来沉积环境演化

根据汾河下游岩性特征、沉积物粒度、粘土矿物和孢粉分析，探讨了汾河下游3万年来环境演化规律。30－11Ka.B.P为晚更新世末次冰期盛冰期，气修干寒；11Ka以来，经历了3个气候旋回，变化周期为3.5Ka左右，黄河中游早期文明起源及人类生产活动，与本区气候关系有很好的耦合性。     

萨拉乌苏河地区苦干第四纪沉积与环境问题初探

根据萨拉乌苏河若干地段的第四纪沉积记录，讨论了萨拉乌苏不可河谷的形成时代、古湖形成原因、全新世湖沼层的环境意义，晚更新世黄土与风成砂关系等总是认为萨拉乌苏河地区所经历的河流－湖泊－湖沼－河流的演化过程，均受到第四纪环境演变化规律的控制，是自然环境变迁的结果。     

蒙古高原北部全新世风成沉积粒度分析及沉积环境

经野外观察和室内粒度分析,蒙古北部Shaamar剖面上部层段为弱古土壤层和砂层的互层;中部为2层古土壤层夹粒度相对较细的粉砂质细砂;下部主要为砂层,中间夹1层古土壤层.经分析Shaamar剖面风成沉积物应该是近源的,以低空悬浮或跃移为主要搬运方式.邻近的Selenge河洪泛平原是Shaamar剖面风成沉积的最主要物源.沉积物的粒度参数在纵向上明显地分为3段,即末次冰期沉积物粒度最粗,中晚全新世次之,而冰消期和早全新世沉积物的粒度最细.说明蒙古北部走廊地带近地面盛行风速在末次冰期时最大;冰消期至早全新世近地面的风速减小;而在中晚全新世,平均风速再一次增大,但略小于末次冰期.     

黄河源地区晚第四纪环境变迁

在野外考察和１４Ｃ测年的基础上，本文论述了晚更新世至全新世黄河源地区的环境变迁。确定了在末次间冰期、末次冰期和全新世三个时期冰川、冰缘现象、湖泊、河流、植被和土壤的基本状况。最后讨论了近代环境的发展趋势。     

长江三角洲与东海岛屿黄土研究综述

黄土是记录古气候和古环境变化信息的良好载体,长江三角洲平原及东海岛屿晚更新世黄土地层剖面的发现, 证明了末次冰期以来长江三角洲地区及海域均广泛存在风尘黄土堆积的事实,研究表明长江三角洲平原埋藏黄土和东海岛屿黄土是下蜀黄土上部地层在中国东部沿海和海域的延伸和继续.中国东部风尘黄土记录了我国晚更新世以来东部沿海地区的气候变化及东亚季风演变,与中国西北地区黄土地层相比,东部黄土具有沉积厚度小、成因复杂、次生作用强烈的特点;粒度和磁化率等参数垂向变化规律没有西部明显;粘土矿物和常量化学成分显示了东部黄土经历了较强地淋溶作用.在东部风尘黄土研究过程中,更需注意区域环境特征、地貌地形特点以及沉积期后环境变化对风尘黄土沉积物的影响效应,通过多指标的综合验证才能够正确解读黄土地层赋含的环境变化信息以及认识我国东部季风区晚更新世以来的古环境演变过程及规律.     

祁连山冷龙岭南麓的冰川序列,黄土记录和阶地系列的初步…

已经发现的冰川沉积和黄土记录证明冷龙岭至少经历了３次冰期的冰川作用，其中倒数第３次冰期与沉积黄土Ｌ４（或Ｌ５）的时期相当，其时冰川规模最大，随后各个冰期冰川规模逐渐小，即使在倒数第三次冰期，冰川末端也只在达冷龙陇南侧门源盆地的边缘，未能覆盖整个盆地形成冰盖。     

宁夏清水河下游晚更新世冰卷泥的发现及意义

在宁夏清水河下游(北纬37.4°,海拔1230m左右)晚更新世湖相地层中,发现了晚更新世晚期的冰卷泥,表明当时多年冻土的南界在宁夏一带可扩展到北纬37.4°附近,与现今相比,年均气温降低了8～9℃。青藏高原东北缘的弧形山地中,晚更新世强烈的构造抬升以及末次冰期的干冷气候最终导致清水河堰塞成湖并在湖泊边缘的沉积物中形成了冰卷泥。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.