桑椹果酱的研制

本文对桑椹果酱的加工工艺作了研究 ,产出了具有浓郁桑椹风味 ,酱体均匀细腻、流散性适宜的优质果酱     

基于微生物发酵的低糖型桑椹精粉制备工艺研究

以改善桑椹精粉的加工特性(粒径、粉体特性、色泽)和保持脱氧野尻霉素(DNJ)、总多酚、总黄酮和花青素等活性成分为目标,通过微生物发酵技术研究营养和外观品质俱佳的低糖型桑椹精粉的制备工艺。将桑椹原浆经肠膜明串珠菌(Leuconstoc mesenteroides)和葡萄酒高活性干酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)发酵、冻干后制备低糖型桑椹精粉,并以干桑椹直接粉碎后的桑椹原粉为对照,比较桑椹原粉、桑椹精粉和添加黄豆辅料的桑椹精粉的加工特性以及活性成分含量。与桑椹原粉相比,2种低糖型桑椹精粉的葡萄糖和果糖含量、水分含量、水分活度、吸湿性、堆密度、休止角、粒径都明显降低,色泽、流动性等加工特性显著改善。桑椹原粉的DNJ含量为0.68mg/g,发酵后DNJ含量显著提高,为2.07mg/g,冻干处理后为1.39mg/g,冻干并添加辅料处理后其含量为1.03mg/g。发酵、冻干以及添加黄豆辅料对总多酚、总黄酮含量没有显著影响；桑椹原粉、桑椹发酵液、桑椹精粉、添加黄豆辅料的桑椹精粉的总多酚含量分别为27.70、28.55、25.83、25.85mg/g,总黄酮含量分别为1.24、1.01、1.16、1.30mg/g。发酵处理造成花青素含量显著下降,而冻干和添加黄豆辅料对花青素含量没有显著影响。桑椹经发酵、添加黄豆冻干处理后,其加工特性得到改善,DNJ含量增加,花青素含量降低,而总多酚和总黄酮含量没有明显变化。     

天然食用色素市场潜力大

天然食用色素有较高的实用价值和经济价值.迄今为止,我国各地有关部门已推出了品种繁多的天然食用色素.有关部门的权威人士指出,随着我国食品工业、医药工业,轻工业的发展,天然食用色素的市场需求量将大幅度增加.随着新产品的开发和应用范围的扩大,天然食用色素市场前景乐观.目前,我国天然食用色素原料资源较为丰富,各地盛产玉米、高粱、红花、辣椒、枝干、姜黄、桑椹等品种,这都为我国发展天然食用色素工业提供了充足的原料.因此,亟待搞好天然食用色素的技术开发、推广和转让技术.     

开发植物色素市场潜力大

随着人们生活水平的提高，营养食品开发的进展以及人们的自我保健与环境意识的逐步提高，天然纯正型食品日益为广大消带者所青睐。随之而起的植物天然色素在未来几年中可望迅速发展，加上开发植物天然色素的原料遍布于广大农村、山庄，如各地盛产玉米、高梁、红花、辣椒、姜黄、桑椹等，都是取之不尽，用之不竭的原料，因此，很适于乡镇企业和农村专业户开发生产。由于原料都是就地取材，容易收集，而且价格低廉，加工提取方法简便，易为乡镇企业和专业户掌握，又无“三废”污染，加上植物天然色素有较高的实用价值和经济价值，确是本小利大…     

桑椹红色素的提取及稳定性研究

对桑椹红色素的提取及稳定性进行了研究．结果表明：桑椹红色素易溶于水、甲醇、乙醇，不溶于乙醚、四氯化碳、食用油等；对光和热稳定性较好，但不耐80℃以上高温；受pH值影响较大，在酸性条件下稳定，金属离子、氧化剂、还原剂以及食品添加剂对其有一定的影响．     

金盏菊色素的提取及性能测定的研究

通过溶剂萃取法和微波辐照法,对金盏菊干花中的色素进行提取对比研究,同时还综合性地研究了温度、光照、酸碱度、氧化剂、还原剂、常见的金属离子以及食品添加剂对色素稳定性的影响。实验结果表明,该色素提取的较优条件为:乙醇浓度为95%、提取时间为30s、料液比为1:100、微波功率为320W。易溶于95%乙醇,最大吸收波长为445nm。耐光性、耐氧化性较差,其他因素对色素无影响。本文研究将对开发和利用金盏菊色素提供较好的理论依据。     

紫外分光光度法对野酸枣皮色素的提取及性能测定的研究

本文采用分光光度法研究了野酸枣皮色素的提取条件,研究了热、光、酸度、氧化剂、还原剂以及几种常用的食品添加剂、常见金属离子对其稳定性的影响。酸枣在我国分布很广,酸枣皮色素为水溶性色素,原料易得,提取简单,有一定的营养价值和药物功能。该研究将对开发和利用野酸枣皮色素提供较好的理论依据。     

红曲色素稳定性研究

本文研究了温度、ｐＨ、光照、金属离子对作者通过液体发酵法所得的红曲色素包括红曲黄色素和红由红色素稳定性的影响，结果表明红曲黄色素在酸性条件下比较稳定。红白色素的耐热性较差，红白色素受室内自然光的影响较小，但在室外自然光的直射下失色严重。Ｆｅ３＋，Ｆｅ２＋对色素的稳定性影响较大，其它金属离子的影响较小。     

玫瑰花渣中色素的研究

本文以研究玫瑰花提取挥发油后废渣的应用为目的,介绍了废渣中有色物质二氢黄酮的鉴定方法,萃取与纯化色素的主要过程,重点研究了水、乙醇、酸度、光和温度对色素稳定性影响.说明了从玫瑰花渣中提取的色素是以二氢黄酮为主体的混合色素,是一种稳定的天然色素,有广泛的应用价值。     

黑大豆色素的研究

从黑大豆皮中提取的天然黑大豆黑（紫）色素是一种安全,无毒的食用色素。本文研究了黑大豆色素最稳定的ｐＨ值范围,高温加热,光照时色素的变化,以及食品添加剂、金属离子、氧化剂等常用共存物质对色素稳定性的影响。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with