一种用于水声通信网的多址接入协议

海洋信息获取、环境监测、海岸防御等各种应用都迫切需要研究开发高效可靠的水声通信网.针对水声信道条件恶劣、频带受限的特点,提出了一种基于RTS/CTS的多信道接入协议,该协议利用公用码字进行RTS-CTS交换实现业务信道的预约,提高了网络效率.仿真实验结果表明,该协议具有较好的网络性能.     

水声通信信道中的OPNET建模与仿真

针对水声通信网络信道的实现开销大、复杂性高的特点,提出了一种能够仿真分析水声通信网络的有效方法.该方法分别使用OPNET中的Propagation-Delay-Stage,Receiver-Power-Stage和Background-Noise-Stage三个工具来仿真水声信道中的传播延迟、发射机功率和水声噪声(水声噪声包括紊流、船运、风波和热噪声).其中,Propagation-Delay-Stage采用MacKenzie速度模型;Receiver-Power-Stage中有Thorp,Schulkin&Marsh和Francois&Garrison 3种传播损失模型.在该方法中,首先仿真比较了取不同传播损失模型时的水声信道,然后根据仿真结果选择一个合适的水声信道,并采用MACAW协议来仿真水声通信网络.最后,通过仿真实验对整个水声通信网络的吞吐量、误码率、丢包率进行了分析.实验结果表明,采用该方法能够有效地仿真水声通信网络.     

基于水声网络的FAMA协议仿真研究

浅海水声信道的快衰落、长延时给水声网络媒介访问控制(MAC)层协议的设计和性能带来了较大的负面影响.为了提升MAC协议的吞吐量、时延等性能,着重对FAMA(Floor acquisition multiple access)协议进行了分析,并以通信网络仿真工具OPNET为仿真平台,得出该协议在吞吐量、时延和能量损耗三方面的性能结果.与目前水声网络主要采用的冲突避免多址接入(MACA)协议的仿真结果相比,FAMA协议能够取得较好的吞吐量和时延性能.     

水声通信网络信道建模与仿真研究进展

水声通信网络在海洋目标定位和导航、资源勘探和开发、环境感知和监测等领域有重要应用,其中水声信道特性研究及其建模与仿真是建立通信网络的基础,而目前水声通信网络中的信道建模与仿真尚未有公认的标准方法.因此,基于对水声信道传播特性的分析,探讨了典型水声信道特性给水声通信网络设计带来的挑战;对比了经验模型、声场模型、基于本征路径的多径信道模型和基于统计特性的时变信道模型等水声信道模型,仿真结果表明:水声信道结构的变化明显影响接收性能;阐述了基于水声信道特性的水声网络仿真工具和方法,分析了其特点;最后进行了总结,并展望了未来水声通信网络信道建模与仿真的发展方向.     

基于ALOHA多址协议的水声传感器网络仿真研究

在水声信道长时延扩展、强多径干扰、强烈随机时-空-频变等恶劣传输条件下设计水声传感器网络多址协议是一项挑战性极大的任务.本文对ALOHA多址协议下水声传感器网络的性能进行仿真研究,首先利用网络仿真软件Opnet建立了ALOHA水声传感器网络模型,并分析了节点数目、数据包产生的平均间隔、数据包帧长等网络参数对网络性能的影响.仿真实验结果表明:根据负载、节点数等网络参数对数据包帧长进行适当设置,将可优化ALOHA网络的吞吐性能.     

Aloha-LPD:一种用于水声通信网的MAC协议

为了减小长传播延迟对水声通信网性能的影响,在传统Aloha协议的基础上,借鉴CSMA协议载波侦听的思想,提出了一种用于水声通信网的MAC协议Aloha-LPD.利用水声通信的长传播延迟,采用半双工的通信方式,增加节点等待ACK回复帧过程中接收数据帧的机制,使一个节点同时与多个节点无冲突地通信.通过OPNET建立仿真模型,分析结果表明,与传统Aloha协议和基于RTS/CTS握手的协议相比,Aloha-LPD协议能够提高网络吞吐量,减小网络的端到端延迟.水声传输信道的长延迟是水声通信网性能的一大瓶颈,但如果能合理利用,也能改善水声通信网的性能.     

生物友好的认知水声网络路由协议

针对海洋生物与传感器节点共用水声信道、生物占用信道使传统水下路由机制失效的问题,提出了水声网络跨层认知决策机制,设计了生物友好的认知水声网络路由协议。该协议将海洋生物作为主用户,确定生物-节点干扰区域,支持信号定向发送并且采用绕路策略避免对海洋生物的干扰。实验结果表明,与经典的矢量转发路由、多跳矢量转发路由等水下路由协议相比,新协议下的数据包投递率分别提高了52.6%和22.5%,节点的能量消耗分别降低了40.4%和56.8%,端到端的延时性能有了较大改善,解决了传统路由机制中仅通过传感器节点间的优化实现最短路由路径而没有考虑生物使建立的路由路径失效的问题。     

基于深度神经网络的高环境 适应性水声通信系统研究

深度神经网络中的自动编码器(Autoencoder,AE)通过收发端两个神经网络模块进行全局优化,利用端到端的训练方式以提高通信系统的可靠性.然而,现有对AE的研究未针对信道进行特殊设计,尤其对于时变的水声信道的多径效应,难以进行灵活调整,降低了该方法的实用性.本文提出一种提高水声通信系统信道环境适应性的Attention-Autoencoder网络模型,基于Attention网络可以高效地从大量信息中筛选出关键信息的特点,设计了一种针对水声信道的Attention机制,该机制能够增加网络提取水声信道特征的能力,使系统的适应性大大提高.仿真验证和湖试实验结果表明,基于Attention-Autoencoder网络模型的通信系统与基于文献中AE模型和没有引入神经网络的水声通信系统相比,具有更高的信道环境适应性.     

一种适用于深海远程水声通信的LT-Turbo均衡方法

深海水声信道具有信噪比低、信道参数随时间和空间变化的特点,而且由于反馈延时长等限制,在当前的深海远程水声通信系统中很难建立有效的反馈信道,这也使基于反馈信道的差错控制方法和组网协议难以应用于深海远程水声通信.针对以上两方面问题,本文提出了一种基于Ludy Transform编码(LT编码)的联合迭代均衡译码方法,简称LT-Turbo均衡方法.该方法利用了LT编码的无固定编码速率、与信道和通信节点无关等特性,能够在深远海水声通信中灵活控制编码速率,并通过联合迭代均衡译码,进一步提高通信效率.数值仿真结果显示,相比于分离的均衡译码方法,LT-Turbo均衡方法能够获得更低的误码率,而且更接近理论极限;在低信噪比的深海水声信道中,实现同样的可靠信息传输,该方法所需的编码冗余度为传统时域重发方法的1/2左右,提高了有效信息传输速率.     

应用于水声OFDM通信系统的基于维纳滤波的信道估计

为了进一步提高水声OFDM通信系统的性能,本文主要研究了水声OFDM通信系统中基于维纳滤波的信道估计算法.该算法结合了水声信道的特点,采用梳状导频图案,对传统的LS算法进行了改进.在完成计算机仿真的基础上,该算法还在实际的水声信道厦门大学实验水池和厦门港浅海域进行实验.实验结果表明,该信道估计算法具有较好的精确度和稳定性,能够有效提高水声OFDM通信系统的性能.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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