基于波能守恒方程模拟近岸波流场

基于波能守恒方程对平直斜坡上近岸波浪场以及近岸波浪斜向入射破碎后所产生的沿岸流场进行数值模拟.鉴于平直斜坡地形较简单,便于简单计算,利用基于波能守恒方程建立的波浪场数学模型计算得到波高的变化,从而利用Longuet-Higgins计算辐射应力.在此基础上,利用近岸波流场数学模型对实验波况下的波流场进行模拟,并将数值模拟...     

The evolution of molecular wave packet in superstrong laser fields

Summary In this note wc numerically simulate the wave packet evolution of H₂ ⁺ in superstrong laser fields with the multiple electronic-states model. The result is that the evolution process of H₂ ⁺ wave packet is mainly determined by the laser frequency. For the high-frequency fields H₂ ⁺ wave packet extends out of the interaction region step by step. However, the H₂ ⁺ wave packet is quickly dissociated in low-frequency fields. In addition, the molecular stabilization effect can be characterized at the intensity of 8 × 10¹⁵ W/cm² for the low-frequency field ω₁.     

黄茅海潮流波浪计算分析

采用海岸工程水动力学数学模型对黄茅海潮流场及波浪场进行了计算.潮流计算中利用水平方向上的曲线正交坐标与垂直方向上的Sigma坐标相结合以及三维模型二维化的方法,波浪计算采用双曲型缓坡方程,并引入改进型的非线性弥散关系,从而能反映波浪的非线性效应.计算结果与实测结果比较表明：模型能较好地复演黄茅海潮流及波浪场,可以用于工程实际中沿岸及河口湾潮流波浪场问题的计算.     

北太平洋海浪特征分析

利用最新的欧洲中尺度天气预报中心(ECMWF)提供的1979—2014年逐6 h的ERA-Interim有效波高和风速数据,分析近36a北太平洋海浪场的变化特征。结果表明:有效波高经验正交函数分解(EOF)的第1模态呈同相位分布,该模态与太平洋10 a涛动指数(PDO)和厄尔尼诺事件(ENSO)呈显著的遥相关,可以通过这些气候因子的变化来预测有效波高的年代际变化;第2模态表明北太平洋西部海域的有效波高有显著的递增趋势,而东部海域则逐渐减小;第3模态以45°N为界,西风带呈现高低纬反相的双涡型分布,并有显著的2.5 a左右年际变化周期。北太平洋海域有效波高和风速重现期极值的大值区位于西风带,重现期越长,日本群岛南部海域风速加强越显著,加强的极值区延伸到中国的东海甚至是菲律宾群岛的东部海岸。     

Formation, structure and properties of GeCn± and Ge2Cn± binary clusters

The binary cluster ions Ge₂C_n⁺/Ge₂C_n^- and GeC_n⁺ have been produced by laser ablation. The parity effect is present in the negative ions Ge₂C_n^-, though it is not very prominent. While the experiments tell that the parity effect is totally not shown in the positive ions Ge₂C_n⁺. An extensive theoretical investigation on GeCn/GeC_n⁺/GeC_n^-(n=1-10) and Ge₂Cn/Ge₂C_n⁺/Ge₂C_n^-(n=1-9) has been carried out by density functional theory at B3LPY level. The calculation shows that the low-lying states of GeC_n/GeC_n⁺/GeC_n^-(n=1-10) and Ge₂C_n/Ge₂C_n⁺/Ge₂C_n^-(n=1-9) are linear structure with germanium atoms locating at terminals respectively. The electronic distributions, ionization potential (IP_ad), elec-tron affinity (EA) and increasing bonding energy reveal that the parity effect of neutral species is much stronger than that of ions, which is attributed to the valence π-electrons. It is explained that the differences between experiments and cal-culations are due to the kinetic factor in the formation of Ge₂C_n^±.     

基于比例边界有限元法的Lamb波在板中传播的模拟分析

基于比例边界有限元法对Lamb波在板中遇到多裂纹、内置竖向和横向裂纹以及凹陷时的传播行为进行模拟,在入射波模态为S_0和A_0这2种情况下,改变内置裂纹的开裂角与深度、凹陷的弧度,对反射波的模态振幅进行分析。研究表明,在同一薄板上,不同的裂纹形态对于波形的增幅有所不同。反射波的模态振幅随着裂纹深度与开裂角的增大基本呈增大趋势,Lamb波的激发模态为A_0时,随着板中内置裂纹开裂角的增大,反射波模态振幅的增大效果与激发模态为S_0时相比更为明显。当激发的入射波模态为S_0时,反射波中的模态振幅随着板上凹陷的减缓,减小幅度更大。     

Latitudinal shift and tilt of the ring current during magnetic storms

The equatorial ring current (ERC) theory suggested that the distribution of global disturbed horizontal geomagnetic field only depends on the cosine of station’s latitude. However, we always observe a larger ΔH at higher latitude stations than lower ones, implying that the ERC could tilt or/and shift with respect to the equatorial plane during intense storms. In this paper, we analyze 11 intense magnetic storms from 2000 to 2004, and introduce two configurational factors to characterize the topology of storm time ring current. The results show that ERC has occasionally deviated off equatorial plane with both tilt angle δ_t≈13°―25° and latitude shift δ_s≈0°―21.8°. The ground disturbed field distribution should be improved as ΔH_k = ΔH_maxcos(φ_k-δ ), which agree well with the geomagnetic observations.     

Efficient scalar multiplication for elliptic curves over binary fields

Scalar multiplication [n]P is the kernel and the most time-consuming operation in elliptic curve cryptosystems. In order to improve scalar multiplication, in this paper, we propose a tripling algorithm using Lopez and Dahab projective coordinates, in which there are 3 field multiplications and 3 field squarings less than that in the Jacobian projective tripling algorithm. Furthermore, we map P to（φε^-1（P）, and compute [n]（φε^-1（P） on elliptic curve Eε, which is faster than computing [n]P on E, where φε is an isomorphism. Finally we calculate （φε（[n]φε^-1（P）） = [n]P. Combined with our efficient point tripling formula, this method leads scalar multiplication using double bases to achieve about 23% improvement, compared with Jacobian projective coordinates.     

北部湾物理海洋模型的建立与验证

采用坐标变换方法 ,在北部湾上层海洋采用正交坐标系以获得垂向高分辨率 ,在底层水体采用 Sigma坐标系以拟合地形 ,建立北部湾的物理海洋模型 ,并利用建立的模型分别模拟北部湾的 M2 、K1 、O1 分潮 .结果计算值与实测值相比 ,M2 、K1 、O1 分潮振幅的绝对平均误差分别为 3.4 cm、 4 .7cm、 5 .1cm ,相位绝对平均误差分别为 7.1°、 9.3°、 7.2°,在潮波模拟可以接受的误差范围内 ,模拟的潮波系统与实测的潮波系统符合良好 .说明建立的模型对潮波模拟具有较高精度 ,模型是可靠的、稳定的 ,可用于有关工程计算以及环流的模拟计算 .     

Calculation method of electronic structure and its application to (I h andI) fullerenes

A new calculation method was discussed to treat the Hückel Hamiltonian of any fullerene with a certain point group symmetry. This method was applied to calculating the electronic energy levels of icosahedral fullerenes C\-n(I\-h: n=60h 2, 0相似文献   

Plasma sheet stretching accompanied by field aligned energetic ion fluxes observed by the NUADU instrument aboard TC-2

The NUADU (NeUtral Atom Detector Unit) instrument aboard TC-2 recorded 4л solid angle images of charged particles (E >180 keV) spiraling around the magnetic field lines in the near-Earth plasma sheet (at ~ -7 RE, equatorial dawn-to-night side) during a geomagnetic storm (Dst =-219 nT) on August 24, 2005. Energetic ion beam events characterized by symmetrical, ring-like, solid angle distributions around ambient magnetic field lines were observed during a 34-minute traversal of the plasma sheet by the TC-2 spacecraft. Also, observations during these multiple crossings of the plasma sheet were monitored by the magnetometer experiment (FGM) aboard the same spacecraft. During each crossing, a whistler-mode chorus enhancement was observed in the anisotropic area by the TC-2 low frequency electromagnetic wave detector (LFEW/TC-2) at a frequency just above that of the local lower hybrid wave. A comparison of the ion pitch angle distribution (PAD) map with the ambient magnetic field shows that an enhancement in the field aligned energetic ion flux was accompanied by tailward stretching of the magnetic field lines in the plasma sheet. In contrast, the perpendicular ion-flux enhancement was accompanied by a signature indicating the corresponding shrinkage of the magnetic field lines in the plasma sheet. Since both parallel ion-flux and perpendicular ion-flux enhancements occurred intermittently, the data were interpreted to imply a dynamical, oscillatory process of the magnetic field line (stretching and shrinking) in the near-Earth plasma sheet, which might have acted to help establish an interaction region in this area which would support continuous aurora-substorm triggering during the ongoing magnetic storm. The whistler-mode chorus may have been produced due to ion gyro-resonance during particle pitch angle diffusion after the plasma sheet compression.     

Finite Time Ruin Probability with Variable Interest Rate and Extended Regular Variation

Consider an insurance risk model, in which the surplus process satisfies a recursive equation Un=Un-1(1 rn)-Xn for n≥1, where U0=x≥0 is the initial surplus, {rn；n≥1} the interest rate sequence, {Xn；n≥l} the sequence of i. i. d. real-valued random variables with common distribution function F, which denotes the gross loss during the nth year. We investigate the ruin probability within a finite time horizon and give the asymptotic result as x→∞.     

柱坐标系下修正弹性应力波理论及数值分析

指出了传统的波动理论存在的一些局限性和不足。给出了修正弹性应力波理论的建立推导过程。完成了波动方程从张量状态到柱坐标系下的转换过程,得到了柱坐标系下的波动方程。建立了波动变量在加载面上与载荷及速度的关系,应力波在自由面上发生反射时边界条件对波动变量的影响。通过使用Matlab编程计算了应力波在几何模型为z方向无限长的空心圆柱结构中的传播过程以及应力波在遇到边界时的反射情况。计算结果显示了应力波随时间在结构中的传播方式,应力波在加载面上会产生2个波,即体积波和形变波,遇到边界后会反射出2个波。同时体积波和形变波的第一部分复合在一起形成一个复合脉冲以相同的波速运动。     

Lithium bond structures of HnY （n=2, 3; Y=O,S, N）…LiNH2 and the abnormal blue shift of N-Li bond

The optimized geometries of the complexes between HnY （n=2, 3; Y=O, S, N） and LiNH2 have been calculated at the B3LYP/6-311＋＋G^＊＊ and MP2/6-311＋＋G^＊＊ levels. Three stable complexes were obtained. Frequency analysis showed that the enlarged 2N-4Li presents the abnormal blue shift in three complexes. The calculated binding energy with basis set super-position error （BSSE） and zero-point vibrational energy （ZPE） corrections of complex Ⅰ-Ⅲ is -58.65, -31.66 and -69.59 kJ·mol^-1 （MP2）, respectively. Natural bond orbital theory （NBO） analysis has been performed, and the results revealed that the H2O…LiNH2 （complex I） and H3N…LiNH2 （complex Ⅲ） are formed with coexisting σ-s and n-s type lithium bond interactions, complex Ⅱ is formed with ττ-s type lithium bond interaction between HnY （n=2,3; Y=O, N） and LiNH2, and H2S…LiNH2 （complex Ⅱ） is formed with n-s type lithium bond interaction between H2S and LiNH2. Natural resonance theory （NRT） and atom in molecule （AIM） theory have also been studied to investigate the bond order and topological properties of the lithium bond structures.     

单负材料填充包层的矩形波导模式特性

【目的】通过求解矩形波导模式特征方程,计算矩形波导横向场分布,研究电磁波在单负材料矩形波导中的传播特性以及该波导参数对其导模Exmn的影响规律。【方法】基于电磁场的波动理论和马卡梯里假设,利用图解法对波导有效折射率及横向电场分布进行求解,并分析波导模式的频率色散关系。【结果】该矩形波导的传播模式Ex0n和Ex1n为x方向衰减的表面模,仅当m1时,波导的传播模式才是振荡导模;固定波导芯子层厚度不变,当导波频率增大时,高阶模向高频方向移动的速度比低阶的快;保持m1,当m或n增大时,Exmn模式的截止点均向波导孔径增大的方向移动,且相邻模式的截止间距相等。【结论】单负材料包层的矩形波导既支持存在低阶表面模的条件,也支持存在高阶振荡导模的条件,波导孔径大小对导波模有很好的调制效果,可实现宽孔径多模传输和小孔径单模传输的功能。     

Hydrogen isotopic compositions and their environmental significance for individual n-alkanes in typical plants from land in China

Hydrogen isotopes of n-alkanes in grasses, tree leaves and reeds from six regions with latitudes of 20° to 39°N in China are measured by GC-TC-IRMS analytical technique in order to understand their hydrogen isotopic compositions and environmental significance. The results show that a difference in ° D values (from −42.1‰ to −66.6‰) of n-alkanes exists among the same kinds of plants from various regions. Hydrogen isotopic compositions of most even carbon numbered n-alkanes in every plant are slightly heavier than that of the odd homologues. A trend toward D-enrichment with increasing chain length of n-alkanes in most plant samples is observed. Mean ° D values of n-alkanes in the studied plants range from −202.6‰ to −130.7‰ and the reed from a salt marsh has the largest value. The mean ° D values of individual n-alkanes among the same kinds of plants from various regions have the characteristics of leaf > reed > grass. The hydrogen isotopic compositions of n-alkanes are apparently distinct among various kinds of plants from the same region and the mean ° D values exhibit a distribution of tree leaf > reed > grass. It is observed that the mean ° D values of n-alkanes and ° D values of C₂₇ and C₂₉ n-alkanes in the grasses and tree leaves from these studied regions correlate clearly negatively with latitude and positively with temperature, indicating that these values can be used as excellent indicators of environment and climate. These results provide important basic data for understanding the distributional law of hydrogen isotopes of individual n-alkanes and their applied research. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40642007 and 40772069), National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2005CB422105) and Special Project for Winners of CAS President Award     

Isotope effect of the stereodynamics in the reactions F+HCl→HF+Cl and F+DCl→DF+Cl

Using a new ground-state ab initio potential energy surface reported by Deskevich et al., the product polarizations in the reactions F+HCl→HF+Cl and F+DCl→DF+Cl were studied by employing the quasi-classical trajectory method. At a collision energy of 10 kcal/mol, the four generalized polarization-dependent differential cross-sections (2π/σ)(dσ₀₀/dω _t ), (2π/σ)(dσ₂₀/dω _t ), (2π/σ)(dσ₂₂₊/dω _t ) and (2π/σ)(dσ₂₁₋/dω _t ) were calculated in the center-of-mass frame. The distribution of the angle between k and j′, P(θ _r ), the distribution of the dihedral angle denoting the k-k′-j′ correlation, P(φ _r ), and the angular distribution of the product rotational vectors in the form of polar plots P(θ _r , φ _r ) were also calculated. The evident influence of isotope substitution on the product polarization is revealed. This effect may result from the different mass factors of the two reactions.     

不同曲率弯管对气相爆轰波传播特性的影响

采用附加Runge-Kutta方法,5阶加权无震荡格式和基元反应模型,对规则爆轰波在15°,20°,30°,40°,45°,60°光滑弯管的传播过程进行了数值模拟. 本文采用的基元反应模型是9组分48反应模型,反应气体为满足化学当量比的H₂/O₂混合气体,并用氩气稀释. 分析数值模拟结果发现所有弯管胞格结构都从规则变为不规则,随着弯角度数的增加,爆轰胞格结构从有到消失,爆轰波从没有熄爆区到有熄爆区,30°是有无胞格消失区、产生熄爆与非熄爆的临界度数;在一定压力下,大于30°的弯管下游都会产生重新起爆的现象;由于弯管的复杂性,爆轰波的反射在下壁面存在马赫反射和规则反射两种模式.     

Secular variations in geomagnetic Field caused by the fluctuations in the fluid flow in the outer-core

The theoretical spatial power spectrum of a dipole located at ( r0, θ60, φ0) can be fitted by a straight line in logarithmic scale when n is larger than 2. Based on the spherical harmonic coefficients of geomagnetic field during 1900-1995, the depth( r0) of source-layer of every 5a is calculated. The results show that r0 decreased from 1900 to 1960; abruptly changed from 1945 to 1950 related to some kind of disturbance; decreased again from 1960 to 1975; increased from 1975 to 1985; and kept stable after 1985. Then the mean energy density (MED) of each year is induced to its corresponding r0. We find that MED of dipole field kept nearly unchanged from 1900 to 1960. While, MED of non-dipole field increased. The change of r0 coinciding with the geomagnetic secular variation, impulse and length-of-day happened around 1970, suggesting that the change of r0 may be related to the impulse. The variation in the fluid flow in the outer-core caused by the core-mantle coupling is a plausible candidate in explaining the changes in geomagnetic Jerk, length-of-day, and r0.     

Y_CΩ_(2n)are easy terms

For any natural number n≥1, Y CΩ 2n is an easy term; that is, for any λ term M, λβ+Y\-CΩ 2n =M is consistent, where Y C is Curry fixed point combinator, Ω 2n ≡ω 2n ω 2n and ω 2n ≡λx.xx...x (there are 2n occurrences of x after λx ). This result is a partial solution to Jacopini's conjecture: Y CΩ n is an easy term for any natural number n≥2.