乳鸽胴体保鲜研究

研究壳聚糖对延长乳鸽胴体保鲜期的可行性及效果,用蒸馏水、醋酸处理的乳鸽胴体进行对比。以感官评定、细菌总数、TVB—N值作为鲜度指标。实验结果表明：1％,1．5％．2％浓度的壳聚糖醋酸溶液对乳鸽胴体的保鲜效果均明显优于蒸馏水处理组,能延长保鲜期4至6d;其中,以浓度为1％的壳聚糖溶液保鲜效果最好。     

壳聚糖分离乙醇／水溶液的渗透汽化性能

以脱乙酰化度为77．5％的壳聚糖为原料，采用高温浓碱处理的方法得到脱乙酰化度为98．2％的壳聚糖，分别用这两种壳聚糖制膜，用于乙醇／水混合物的分离结果表明，在同样条件下，脱乙酰化度高的壳聚糖膜的分离性能优于脱乙酰化度低的壳聚糖膜。     

低聚壳聚糖处理对低温胁迫下水稻幼苗类囊体膜特性的影响

以0．1％、0．3％、0．5％、0．7％4种浓度的低聚壳聚糖处理两优培几水稻幼苗，研究低聚壳聚糖对水稻幼苗抗冷性的影响．结果表明，低聚壳聚糖可以增加水稻幼苗的抗冷性，其中以0．5％的效果最好．低温下经低聚壳聚糖处理水稻幼苗类囊体膜的室内吸收光谱和发射光谱的主峰值、类囊体膜脂不饱和脂肪酸指数（IUFA）、PSⅠ和PSⅡ电子传递活性、叶绿素含量均比低温对照高．低聚壳聚糖处理保护了类囊体膜系统，减缓了低温对光合机构的破坏，增强了水稻幼苗的抗冷性．     

用改性壳聚糖复配PAC处理洗浴废水的研究

通过对壳聚糖和丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物（即改性壳聚糖、壳聚糖及无机絮凝剂）处理洗浴废水的絮凝效果比较,选择了改性壳聚糖复配无机絮凝剂聚合氯化铝（PAC）处理洗浴废水并进行了实验研究．实验结果表明：改性壳聚糖絮凝性能优于壳聚糖且用量少于壳聚糖;改性壳聚糖复配PAC提高了洗浴废水的絮凝效果,比单独使用改性壳聚糖时,在用量减少50％的情况下,浊度和UV254去除率提高了11％和32％;比单独使用PAC时,浊度、UV254和CODCr去除率提高了13％、30％和43％;在改性壳聚糖和PAC投加量分别为2mg／L和30mg／L、pH值为中性、温度为30℃等最佳工艺条件下,进行强化混凝处理后的洗浴废水主要水质指标良好：浊度≤5、CODCr≤35mg／L、UV254≤0．090cm、阴离子表面活性剂≤1mg／L．     

饲料中添加壳聚糖对异育银鲫的生长及抗病力的影响

在基础饲料中分别添加0． 3％、0． 5％、1％、2％的壳聚糖以及混合添加0． 3％的壳聚糖和50×10~(-6) 的大蒜素，投喂异 育银鲫2个月。测定鱼体的生长和对病原原菌嗜水气单胞菌的抗感染能力-LD_(50) 。该研究的目的是利用壳聚糖作为饲料添加 剂，为提高水产经济动物的抗病力和养殖效益提供参考。结果表明，添加不同浓度的壳聚糖对体重的增加有显著影响(P＜0． 05) ，其中0． 5％、1％壳聚糖组对体重增加有极显著影响(P＜0． 01) ，以0． 5％壳聚糖组增重最快；混合添加0． 3％壳聚糖和50× 10~(-6) 大蒜素组对体重增加无显著性影响(P＞0． 05) ；添加不同浓度的壳聚糖对异育银鲫的体长增长和成活率无显著影响(P＞0． 05) ；饲料中添加0． 5％、1％壳聚糖可以极显著地提高异育银鲫对嗜水气单胞菌的抵抗能力(P＜0． 01) ，添加0． 3％、2％壳聚糖， 混合添加0． 3％壳聚粮和50×10~(-6) 大蒜素，与对照组 LD_(50) 无显著性差异(P＞0． 05) 。抗感染能力与壳聚糖的添加量有关，添加 量过大，抗感染能力减弱(0． 5％、1％壳聚糖组的 LD_(50) 极显著高于2％壳聚糖组，(P＜0． 01) 。     

壳聚糖超滤膜的孔结构研究

采用凝固浴凝胶工艺处理壳聚糖超滤膜，在制膜过程中通过改变凝胶工艺参数来调节膜孔结构．经凝固浴处理后，壳聚糖超滤膜对酸性红B的截留率提高了83．7％；不同凝固浴的温度、凝固剂的浓度、凝固时间等处理参数对壳聚糖超滤膜的孔结构有一定的影响，采用浓度为0．25～1．0mol／L的NaOH溶液为凝固浴，凝固浴温5～15℃，凝固时间为1．5min，可使壳聚糖膜获得良好的的分离效率和孔结构．     

壳聚糖对油桃贮藏品质的影响

以成熟油桃为材料,采用浓度分别为0．5％、1．0％、1．5％、2．0％的壳聚糖（CTS）溶液浸泡lvain（即涂膜）,在室温（10～15℃）下贮藏20d,研究CTS涂膜处理对果实贮藏期品质的影响．实验结果表明：不同浓度的壳聚糖涂膜处理对保持油桃硬度、减少油桃失重和腐烂、延缓油桃Vc、可溶性固形物（TSS）含量的减少都有明显作用;与清水处理相比,1．0％CTS涂膜处理明显降低了果实的失重率和腐烂率,增加了果实贮藏后期可溶性固形物和Vc含量,保持了果实较好的硬度。提高了油桃果实贮藏品质．此方法与其他油桃贮藏方法相比,更加简单、方便、经济．     

明胶包埋壳聚糖/海藻酸钠茶多酚的缓释性能

以海藻酸钠和壳聚糖为壁材制备了茶多酚微胶囊,确定了最佳制备工艺条件为壳聚糖质量分数1．0％、海藻酸钠质量分数2．0％～3．0％、氯化钙质量分数5．0％,所制得的茶多酚微胶囊的包埋率最大,用明胶包埋茶多酚微胶囊,制备了茶多酚缓释复合体系,结果表明,用明胶包埋后的微胶囊可使茶多酚的缓释性能及稳定性有较大的提高。     

壳聚糖预处理对沉水植物黑藻生长的影响

以黑藻为例，研究了壳聚糖对沉水植物黑藻生长的影响，随机选取了经驯化培养后的黑藻顶枝，分别植入壳聚糖浓度为0％、0．05％、0．1％和0．2％的Hogland溶液中，进行生长实验，结果显示壳聚糖能促进黑藻生长，增加株高和湿重，同时能促进根的生长，并且以0．1％浓度的壳聚糖培养液效果最好，壳聚糖还能促进叶绿素的合成，并且0．05％、0．1％浓度的效果较好．另将经不同浓度壳聚糖预处理后的植株置于黑白瓶中，进行了壳聚糖影响黑藻光合能力的实验，结果显示经0．1％浓度的壳聚糖预处理24h后，能显著提高总产氧量和净产氧量。总之，用适宜浓度的壳聚糖溶液培养或对沉水植物黑藻进行预处理，能促进植株和根的生长发育，增加植株的光合能力，促进叶绿素的合成，提示在进行湖泊生态修复过程中，可利用适宜浓度的壳聚糖进行育苗，适当加快沉水植物育苗周期，提高湖泊沉水植物恢复的效率和效果。     

线性滴定法测定壳聚糖的脱乙酰度

本文用线性滴定法对事考文献[5]所制得的低粘、中粘和高粘度的壳聚糖分别测定其脱乙酰度,测定结果,它们的平均脱乙酰度分别为15．78％、63．05％和67．73％．变劝系数均小于5％．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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