Trace element stimulation of keratin (Hair) degradation by oral keratinolytic microflora

Zusammenfassung Nach der Proteolyse-Chelationstheorie der Zahnkaries werden organische und anorganische Bestandteile des Zahnschmelzes mehr oder weniger gleichzeitig abgebaut. Die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchungen zeigen, dass 1. mineralische Bestandteile des Schmelzes die mikrobiologische Zersetzung des Keratins fördern und dass 2. die enzymatische Zersetzung des Keratins Stoffe entwickelt, welche die Apatitauflösung mittels Chelation fördern.

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This investigation was supported in part by a research grant D-182(C) from the National Institute of Dental Research of the National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service.     

Occurrence of DDT and BHC residues in human milk in India

Summary Samples of human milk from Punjab, India have shown the presence of DDT and BHC residues in amounts greater than those reported from most of the other countries.This research has been financed in part by a grant made by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service authorized by Public Law 480.     

Theophylline-stimulated aerobic glucose uptake by rat thymocytes exposed to anoxia

Zusammenfassung Untersuchung der Wirkung von Theophyllin auf den aeroben Glukosestoffwechsel isolierter Thymuszellen. Nach sauerstoffreier Inkubation zeigten die Thymocyten einen Anstieg der Glukoseaufnahme, der jedoch nicht zu einer gleichzeitigen Erhöhung von Lactat oder¹⁴CO₂ führt.

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This investigation was supported in part by United States Public Health Service Research Grant No. CA10291 from the National Cancer Institute, USA.     

The origin and propagation of upper urinary tract contraction waves. A new in vitro methodology

Summary A new in vitro experimental method which has enabled direct visualization of the upper urinary tract with minimal damage to the wall of the region is described. Evidence is presented which supports the concept of an autonomous pacemaker system located proximal to the pelviureteric junction.Supported in part by United States Public Health Service Training Grant No. 5 TO1 AM05513.     

Preparation of monoaminoxydase

Zusammenfassung Eine einfache Methode zur Gewinnung eines Extraktes (Pulver) von starker Monoaminoxydase-Aktivität aus Hunde- oder Kaninchennieren wird beschrieben. Differentiales Zentrifugieren und rasches Einfrieren sind die wichtigsten Schritte dieser Methode. Die enzymatische Aktivität des Präparates bleibt über mehrere Monate erhalten.

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This investigation was supported in part by the United States Public Health Service, Grant H 444 (C 9) and by United States Army Grant DA-49-007-MD-429.     

Degradation of [3H]thymidine by a pentosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.4) in the plasma of man and different animals

Summary [³H]Thymidine is degraded by an enzyme (thymidine phosphorylase; EC 2.4.2.4) which we have identified in the plasma of man and some animals. The presence of this enzyme in plasma or sera used to supplement culture media may, under certain experimental conditions, limit the validity of measuring the uptake of radiolabeled thymidine as a means of defining DNA synthesis.Supported in part by United States Public Health Service grant CA-17658 from the National Cancer Institute, and grant RR-05648 from the National Institutes of Health.     

Effect of host age on the expression of acquired resistance to ticks

Summary Young guinea-pigs (350 g) expressed significantly greater levels of acquired resistance to challenge by larvalAmblyomma americanum ticks than older guinea-pigs (520–800 g). This finding suggests that younger guinea-pigs are immunologically more responsive to tick infestation than older mature individuals. Therefore, host age is an important variable in evaluating acquired resistance to ticks.Supported in part by grants from the United States Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health No. AI 17555, AI 19657, RR 05443 and from the Rockefeller Foundation.     

The metabolism of methadone by cultured mammalian cells

Summary Rat hepatoma tissue culture cells and mouse leukemic cells were found to metabolize [1-³H] methadone to at least 2 unidentified radioactive compounds. These results suggest that cultured cells may be useful models for studying methadone metabolism by specific cell types.This study was supported by United States Public Health Service Research Grant No. MH 15622. The illustrations were prepared by Diane J. Kastelic.     

Activity of some enzymes in experimental hypertension in the rabbit

Zusammenfassung Bei durch Nierenarterien-Drosselung nach kontralateraler Nephrektomie chronisch hypertonischen Kaninchen wird mit Antirenin regelmässig eine bestimmte hypotensive Wirkung erzeugt. Auffallend niedrige Reninblutwerte, stark herabgesetzte Monoaminoxydase-Aktivität und deutlich gesteigerte Dopadecarboxylase-Aktivität sind charakteristisch. Der Befund zeigt die Bedeutung der Niere in der Erzeugung der Blutdruckamine im Laufe einer chronischen Hypertonie.

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This investigation was aided in part by grants from the Office of the Surgeon General, United States Army (no. DA-49-007-MD-429), and from the National Health Institute, United States Public Health Service (no. H-444 (C 10)).     

Effects of diethylstilbestrol on the production of various extracellular products of Staphylococcus aureus

Summary The synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol at a subinhibitory level of 1.75 g/ml diminished the production of staphylococcal alpha toxin, coagulase, deoxyribonuclease and penicillinase. Thus, the reported host beneficial effects of diethylstilbestrol may be partially related to its retardive action of certain toxins, or enzymes of S. aureus.Acknowledgments. This work was supported by United States Public Health Service, grant AI 06618, a grant in aid from Loyola University, United States Public Health Service, grant GRSG PRO 5368, and grants from Eli Lilly, Upjohn, Syntex, and G. D. Searle drug companies.     

Progesterone stimulates energy-dependent contraction of swollen heart mitochondria

Summary Progesterone stimulates the rate and efficiency of respiration-dependent contraction of heart mitochondria in nitrate salts at alkaline pH. Ion extrusion under these conditions is normally slow and inefficient due to the elevated permeability of the membrane to monovalent cations through a putative uniport pathway. Progesterone also inhibits passive swelling under these conditions and appears to act by restricting cation influx through the uniport pathway.This study was supported in part by United States Public Health Service grant No. HL09364.     

Effect of cocaine and tyramine on noradrenaline release and uptake in isolated nerve vesicles

Zusammenfassung Die Ergebnisse sprechen nicht dafür, dass die durch Cocain bedingte Hemmung der Noradrenalinaufnahme an die Granula gebunden ist. Es ist anzunchmen, dass diese vielmehr an die Axonmembrane verlegt ist.

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This work has been supported by grant NA 04432-02 from the United States Public Health Service and by the Swedish Medical Research Council; Project No. 14X-97-01.     

The distribution of mitochondria in sea urchin embryos

Zusammenfassung Zytologische Untersuchungen an Embryonen von zwei Seeigelarten haben in bezug auf die Lokalisation der Mitochondrien keinen Unterschied zwischen animaler und vegetativer Hemisphäre ergeben. Vorläufige Versuche, mit Hilfe einer quantitativen Methode die Mitochondrien in Homogenaten zu zählen, ergaben eine starke Zunahme auf dem Stadium der Blastula und eine anschliessende Abnahme der Mitochondrienzahl pro Embryo.

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Research supported by the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service.     

Quantitative N-terminal amino acid analysis by thin layer chromatography

Zusammenfassung Eine Methode für die quantitative Bestimmung N-endstándiger Aminosäuren, Proteine und Peptide mittels Dünnschichtchromatographie wurde entwickelt.

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This work was supported in part by Grant No. 5 RO5 TW 00071-02 from the United States Public Health Service, USA.     

Vitamin A antibodies: Application to radioimmunoassay

Summary A radioimmunoassay for serum vitamin A is described which can detect as little as 1 ng of retinol. The statistical characteristics of this assay are presented and its use in a nutritional experiment is discussed.This work was supported by United States Public Health Service grant 2 RO1 AM19716.     

Polyphenoloxidase activity in healthy maize plants and in those infected by the maize rough dwarf virus (MRDV)

Zusammenfassung Der Wirkungsgrad der Polyphenoloxydase gesunder Maispflanzen blieb während der Gesamtdauer ihres Wachstums praktisch unverändert. Er verdreifachte sich hingegen in jungen Pflanzen, die mit dem Virus der Rauhverzwergung des Maises systematisch infiziert wurden.

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This work was supported in part by a grant from the Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture, under Public Law 480.     

Effect of angiotensin II on neonatal lamb carotid arteries

Summary Isometric tension was measured in arterial strips from neonatal lambs and adult sheep, after stimulation by angiotensin II. During the early maturation period immediately following birth (3 weeks) there was a progressive increase in sensitivity to the agent.This study was supported by the Golden Empire Chapter of the American Heart Association and the United States Public Health Service, grant No. PHS HL 14780-03.     

The detection of superoxide anion from the reaction of oxyhemoglobin and phenylhydrazine using EPR spectroscopy

Summary The low temperature EPR spectrum of a quickly reacted mixture of oxyhemoglobin and phenylhydrazine was studied. With the use of a computer, the spectral contribution of methemoglobin in the region of g=2 was subtracted. The remaining spectrum was that of an axial free radical (g=2.00, g=2.06) having the magnetic parameters of superoxide anion. In the presence of superoxide dismutase, this axial radical was not seen, confirming that superoxide anion is indeed generated by the reaction.The portion of this investigation carried out at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine was supported in part by US Public Health Service Research Grant HL-93399 from the Heart and Lung Institute and by National Institute Contract Nol-CP-55606 to J.P. This is communication No. 378 from the Joan and Lester Avnet Institute of Molecular Biology.Predoctoral fellow in the Medical Scientist Training Program (United States Public Health Service Grant 5-TO-5-GM 01669-12) at the New York University School of Medicine.Recipient of a grant-in-aid from the New York Heart Association.     

Preparation of subcellular particles from brain tissue by a filtration technique

Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Technik für die Isolierung von subzellulären Partikeln in der Grössenordnung von 1–4 µ («Mitochondrien»-Fraktion) von Gehirnhomogenaten mittels Millipore-Filter beschrieben. Die Partikel zeigen morphologische Quellung und haben mindestens zwei biochemische Eigenschaften, ähnlich denjenigen von durch differentiale Zentrifugation gewonnenen «Mitochondrien»-Fraktionen. Diese Technik kann als alternative Methode zur Präparierung von subzellulären Grossteilchen-Fraktionen herangezogen werden.

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We are grateful to the David Baird Grant in Neurological Research of the United Cerebral Palsy Research and Educational Foundation, Inc. and to the National Institute for Neurological Diseases and Blindness, National Institutes of Health, United States Public Health Service (Grant B-305 C), for generous support of this work.     

Lactate dehydrogenase isozymes of mouse epidermis

Summary Five isozymes of LDH are demonstrable in the epidermis of the ear pinnae, hind feet, trunk dorsa, and tails of adult C57BL, C57HR, and C3HB mice by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. LDH-5 activity predominates in electropherograms. The ratio of LDH-1 to LDH-5 is greater in the epidermis of ear pinna and trunk dorsum than in that of tail and hind foot. The region-specific patterns of epidermal LDH isozymes are not correlated with melanin pigmentation or ‘hairiness’ of the skin. Supported by PHS Research Grant No. CA-06097 from the National Cancer Institute, United States Public Health Service.