彝族英雄史诗《支格阿鲁》初探

本主要介绍彝族民间学《支格阿鲁》。提出它是世界上最早的一部英雄史诗。作分析了这部史诗的学艺术成就及作品所反映的彝族古代哲学思想，并探讨了这部作品的人类学和民族学价值，提出这是一部任何英雄史诗所无法代替的巨。其目的在于引起人们的高度重视，尽快在各地区进行深入细致的收集整理，全面而真实地向世人呈现这部作品。     

活在传媒时代的苗族史诗《亚鲁王》

2012年初流传在贵州麻山地区的苗族口传英雄史诗《亚鲁王》(第一卷)出版,改写了苗族没有长篇英雄史诗的历史,为当代中国口头文学遗产抢救的重大成果。通过实地考察和参加唱诵《亚鲁王》送灵仪式,理解参与者如何在言语交流中共同完成意义的生成和情感的传递,体会仪式中过去与现实的"共在"、神话岁月与传媒时代的无缝衔接。《亚鲁王》既是苗民的"圣经",又是他们的"百科全书"和"族系家谱",对其整理发掘研究,将会对中国史诗学甚至国际史诗学发展,提供有价值的学理思考。     

史诗《伊利亚特》成型的题材探究

西方最早的文学作品《伊利亚特》，是古希腊的神话大熔炉，大量早期的新旧神话在此交汇衍变，促成史诗的成型。尤其是关于新旧神谱和凡世英雄的来历、地位、联系和功过的传说题材丰富多彩、脉络分明，是作者、时人以及诗中所有“角色”熟知公认的事实，其他与荷马史诗几乎同时出现的短篇史诗可以为证。这充分说明《伊利亚特》蕴含的神话传说与今人理解有不同，它们是古代初民坚信不疑的精神食粮，是英雄史诗成型的内在动力。     

柯尔克孜族史诗歌手曼拜特·曼拜特阿勒

柯尔克孜族民族之魂和伟大历史文化宝典的英雄史诗——《玛纳斯》能够口头保存并将其世代流传是天才史诗演唱者的功绩,这些民族艺术家们在演唱史诗《玛纳斯》时,既继承了前辈史诗歌手传统的演唱内容与风格,又在此基础上融入了自己的创作成份,使得史诗在结构上进一步完善,艺术上进一步提高.本文中笔者将对乌恰县67岁的史诗歌手曼拜特·曼拜特阿勒,对他的生平、学艺过程、人生经历以及他演唱的文本进行探讨,最终得出全面展现曼拜特·曼拜特阿勒德的一份学术资料.     

中国史诗的多元传统与史诗研究的多重维度

对于世界许多民族国家来说,史诗无疑是一个重要文类。另一方面,世界范围内通行着非常狭隘的史诗观念,选种观念是以古希腊史诗为范例的。问题集中在什么是史诗、什么不是史诗。中国史诗体量巨大、类型多样,至少在形式上是多样的、演述是多样的、受众是多样的、社会功能是多样的。我们要根据多元的史诗传统,树立多重选择的研究视域,为世界史诗研究提供新的范例。     

略论少数民族史诗的审美意识

我国少数民族史诗内容丰富,结构宏伟,形式多样。虽说各民族的生活形态、心理素质不同,但在人类历史发展中,各民族文化互相影响,互相渗透,互相融合,因此史诗呈现出既有共性又有个性的民族审美意识。本文试从图腾美、力量美、审美个性等方面粗略地探讨一下我国少数民族史诗的审美意识     

世纪回眸：中国当代史诗小说的历程

本文将中国当代史诗小说作为20世纪一种重要的文学现象加以审视，通过具体作品阐述了这一文学现象的基本特征，并以“英雄史诗”“世俗史诗”“现代史诗”概述了它的发展历程。     

史诗在历史教学中的妙用

历史教学中恰当地引入一些史诗，挖掘其史学功能，既能培养学生自主学习与合作探究精神，激发学生学习历史兴趣，促进历史教学，又能提高文科综合能力，适应高考要求。     

西部少数民族史诗的类型及其特征

西部少数民族史诗可分为创世史诗、英雄史诗和迁徙史诗三大类型.创世史诗歌唱的是创世神话,常有宏大、深远的绮丽想象;英雄史诗歌唱的是民族英雄,常有伸张正义、慷慨激昂的抗争意识;迁徙史诗歌唱的是迁徙的历程,常有背井离乡的隐隐哀伤.西部少数民族史诗在内容和形式上表现出独特的特征,特别是迄今依然在传唱的史诗,其特点处在不断的变迁中.从现有的资料来看,西部少数民族史诗在类型和分布上呈现出明显的差异性,西南少数民族史诗包含了创世史诗、英雄史诗、迁徙史诗三大门类,其中创世史诗、迁徙史诗最为丰富;西北少数民族则以英雄史诗最为显赫.     

哈萨克英雄史诗《阿勒帕梅斯》与蒙古英雄史诗的比较研究

突厥语民族和蒙古族由于相同的游牧经济生活、共同的萨满文化背景、错综复杂的族源关系和频繁的历史接触，他们的英雄史诗之间具有诸多的共同特征。本文通过哈萨克英雄史诗《阿勒帕梅斯》和蒙古英雄史诗形成、发展规律和结构类型的比较研究，阐释了突厥英雄史诗和蒙古英雄史诗传统的相似性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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