基于理论、仿真和实验的两端固定梁的模态测试方法

基于欧拉-伯努利梁理论,得到两端固定梁自由振动的振型函数。通过数值计算得出实验用的两端固定梁前五阶振型的节点位置及其与梁长的比值。考虑传感器对两端固定梁固有频率的影响,建立梁-传感器模型进行仿真分析并得出两端固定梁前五阶固有频率。基于节点位置和测点位置,在实验中选择参考点。将具体实验的结果与梁-传感器仿真模型结果进行对比,通过前五阶固有频率的误差分析,发现仿真分析结果与实验结果误差最高为2.92%。研究完整地叙述了两端固定梁的模态测试流程,可为工程技术人员的模态测试起一定的指导作用。     

基于理论仿真和实验的两端固定梁模态测试方法

基于欧拉-伯努利梁理论,得到两端固定梁自由振动的振型函数。通过数值计算得出实验用的两端固定梁前五阶振型的节点位置及其与梁长的比值。考虑传感器对两端固定梁固有频率的影响,建立梁-传感器模型进行仿真分析并得出两端固定梁前五阶固有频率。基于节点位置和测点位置,在实验中选择参考点。将具体实验的结果与梁-传感器仿真模型结果进行对比,通过前五阶固有频率的误差分析,发现仿真分析结果与实验结果误差最高为2.92%。研究完整地叙述了两端固定梁的模态测试流程,可为工程技术人员的模态测试起一定的指导作用。     

基于随机子空间法的异步实测桥梁模态识别

针对工程结构模态参数测试时，多个测点之间的时间不同步采样导致识别出的振型结果不准确问题，文章提出基于随机子空间法的异步实测桥梁模态识别方法，通过误差函数值表征不同步数据在分析过程中产生的数值误差程度，以误差函数为最小值时所对应的时间作为估计的时间延迟，并以此延迟修正异步实测响应数据；利用随机子空间法对修正数据进行模态参数识别，通过有限元模拟和实验验证分别讨论模态识别时，桥梁不同测点异步采样对振型识别的影响，验证所提出的时间延迟识别方法的准确性和可行性。     

叠层板型元件模型干模态固有频率与振型分析

本文对一个叠层板型堆芯元件实验模型的干模态固有频率和振型进行了理论、数值分析，作者将该结构视为多层平行梁与整体单梁的对接问题，根据各梁的振型方程及对接处的连续性条件和平衡条件，建立了确定固有频率与振型系数的特征方程，并采用隐式选代法对其进行数值求解．文中给出了部分固有频率与振型曲线的计算结果，其固有频率与实验测试结果相当吻合．     

一种获取结构实模态振型的方法

为获取结构真实而精确的实模态振型,提出将复振型向量构建的特征方程应用于基于参考点的数据驱动子空间方法中进行结构模态参数识别的方法.为验证该方法识别结构模态参数的可行性和精确性,对一矩形截面悬臂梁端部突加一集中荷载,进行有限元时程分析,得到梁上一系列节点的加速度响应数据,进而利用提出方法识别了悬臂梁的频率、实模态振型及阻尼比.识别结果与悬臂梁模态参数的理论值吻合较好,表明利用复振型向量构建的特征方程结合基于参考点的数据驱动子空间方法进行结构模态参数识别是可行和精确的,该方法可以得到结构可靠的实模态振型.     

主塔刚度对斜拉桥固有特性的影响分析

文章以一类单塔斜拉桥为例,研究了主塔刚度对斜拉桥的固有频率和模态的影响,以欧拉-伯努利梁模型描述桥面和塔的运动,并同时考虑斜拉索的横向和纵向运动,建立斜拉桥的动力学方程、边界条件及子结构间的相容条件,推导出斜拉桥的固有频率方程和振型函数。数值结果表明:将塔视为柔性构件时,塔的刚度对斜拉桥的固有频率和模态影响并不显著;若将塔视为刚性构件,则所求解出的固有频率和模态与柔性塔的情况相差很大,并会丢失某些模态;斜拉桥存在密集固有频率、模态跃迁及频率曲线偏转现象。研究结果可为斜拉桥结构设计及振动分析提供理论依据。     

环境激励下湘潭莲城大桥模态参数识别研究

对环境激励下结构模态参数识别进行了理论分析和试验研究.基于随机振动理论阐述了峰值拾取法的基本原理和方法,并提出了虚拟响应的概念.从湘潭莲城大桥在环境激励下的加速度测试信号中提取高信噪比的虚拟响应信号,根据峰值拾取法对虚拟响应信号进行频域分析,识别了该桥主跨结构的固有频率、阻尼比和振型等模态参数.试验模态参数与理论模态参数基本吻合,验证了识别结果的可靠性.模态置信矩阵表明,结构的线性响应特性明显,竖向振动具有良好的正交特性.     

基于AR-EWT和SSI的桥梁结构模态参数识别

为解决随机子空间识别(SSI)算法存在的系统定阶困难问题,避免各模态之间的相互影响,提出一种结合自回归功率谱经验小波变换(AR-EWT)和SSI的桥梁结构模态参数识别方法。首先,采用AR-EWT将结构不同测点的振动响应信号分解成一系列仅含单一模态信息的单分量信号,并利用奇异值分解(SVD)去噪单分量信号。然后,组装所有测点中包含相同模态信息的单分量信号。最后,利用SSI分别处理各组单分量信号,识别结构的自振频率、阻尼比和振型。ASCE Benchmark模型、简支梁模型和西宁北川河桥的模态参数识别结果表明：所提出的AR-EWT结合SSI的模态参数识别方法可避免直接利用SSI识别模态参数时存在的系统定阶问题,提高模态参数识别效率;ASCE Benchmark模型、简支梁模型和西宁北川河桥的模态参数识别结果与直接利用SSI的识别结果、有限元分析结果基本一致。     

基于不完备模态测试信息的结构损伤识别方法研究

测试信息不完备、测量噪声等因素是制约结构损伤识别方法应用的主要难点.为此首先采用部分测点的实测模态振型数据和未测点的有限元模型模态振型数据构造出完整的模态振型.其次,建立了一种适合梁系和杆系结构的基于不完备测试信息的损伤识别方程,并采用Levenberg-Marquardt非线性最小二乘算法进行了方程的求解.由于采用的是标量损伤模型,该方法可以同时进行结构的损伤定位和定量研究.最后,用一个平面桁架模型进行了数值模拟,重点考查了实测自由度数、模态数、测试噪声对损伤识别结果的影响.研究表明,在测试数据不完备及一定噪声水平条件下,该方法仍有较好的损伤识别能力.     

基于车桥接触点响应和盲源分离的桥梁模态识别

针对基于车辆响应的间接测量法进行桥梁模态识别时，桥面不平度的影响难以滤除、高阶模态识别准确率较低等问题，提出一种基于盲源分离算法来分离车桥接触点响应信号中的桥面不平度效应与桥梁振动响应，进而实现桥梁模态识别的方法. 首先，详细阐述了应用二阶盲识别（Second Order Blind Identification，SOBI）算法，以两组车桥接触点加速度响应信号作为输入信号，进而获取桥梁振动估计信号的原理和方法. 然后，采用信号带通滤波和Hilbert变换并结合支点数据延拓的振型修正策略，建立了基于车辆响应的桥梁模态识别技术流程和框架. 最后，依托数值算例对所提出方法的适用性和有效性进行了验证，并分析了车辆间距、桥面不平度和车辆频率等参数对方法适用性的影响. 结果表明，所提出方法能有效滤除桥面不平度的影响，实现桥梁高阶模态的准确识别，且对多种关键因素的影响具有鲁棒性，具有精度高、操作简便和适用性强等特点，可为基于车辆响应的桥梁模态识别提供一种新思路.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that