实验检验累积前景理论

累积前景理论是前景理论的改进版本.前者使用CE范式对美国被试进行研究,得出如下几点结论:(1)人们的风险态度呈四分模式;(2)概率中大时,得时的风险回避比失时的风险寻求更明显;(3)价值函数的指数、权重函数的指数都小于1.采用相同的范式对中国被试进行考察,发现:(1)仍适用;(3)并不总是适用;(2)总是并不适用.     

《佩德罗·巴拉莫》中的魔幻现实主义

《佩德罗·巴拉莫》是墨西哥著名小说家胡安.鲁尔福的重要代表作,被认为是魔幻现实主义小说的奠基之作。作品中运用了现代小说特有的表现手法,在行文结构和艺术形式上富有创意,例如打破时空界限,将发生在不同时间不同地点的场景打乱顺序,在每个情节的叙述中又大量使用梦幻、独白、意识流、暗示等非传统手法,同时借用印地安民族独有的生死观等传统意识,使小说展现了一幅神秘而荒诞的画卷。     

贝尔不等式及其实验验证

阐述了关于量子力学完备性问题的争论和EPR论证、尤其重点讨论了贝乐不等式的建立及其与量子力学基本解释的关系,也较详尽地介绍了20世纪70年代以来贝尔不等式的实验验证情况（特别是奥地利因斯布鲁克小组的实验情况）。结果表明,贝尔不等式明显不成立,这一事实既体现了对量子力学完备性的支持,同时也反映出更深刻的科学含义,这些无论对量子力学的进一步发展,还是对未来的量子通信,都是具有重大意义的。     

《所罗门之歌》中的魔幻现实主义

《所罗门之歌》是美国黑人女作家托尼.莫里森的第三部小说。小说以光怪陆离的魔幻色彩、古朴敦厚的神话复现艺术以及令人眼花缭乱的叙事技巧,在世界文学中赢得了举世瞩目的成就。从魔幻现实主义这一创作手法入手,从超自然因素、神话模式及拼版叙事三个方面分析《所罗门之歌》中的魔幻表现手法,并揭示小说现实意义:黑人只有坚持本民族的传统文化才能获得真正的自由与发展。     

《所罗门之歌》中的魔幻现实主义

<所罗门之歌>是美国黑人女作家托尼·莫里森的第三部小说.小说以光怪陆离的魔幻色彩、古朴敦厚的神话复现艺术以及令人眼花缭乱的叙事技巧,在世界文学中赢得了举世瞩目的成就.从魔幻现实主义这一创作手法入手,从超自然因素、神话模式及拼版叙事三个方面分析<所罗门之歌>中的魔幻表现手法,并揭示小说现实意义:黑人只有坚持本民族的传统文化才能获得真正的自由与发展.     

N-N非定域的薛定谔方程

本文从六夸克体系P—S方程出发,经过变换、积分,积去内部坐标,得到两个集团,即两个核子之间相对运动的方程。再进一步变换成薛定谔方程形式．     

船体固有频率预报及实验验证

以J型巡逻艇作为研究对象，并利用比利时LMS公司的SCADAⅢ数据采集器及CADA-X信号分析系统对其进行激振实验和模态分析．利用美国ANSYS大型结构分析软件，以三维有限元模型为基础。利用三维有限元方法，做模态计算，对其进行总振动预报．将激振实验获得的数据和有限元法获得的计算结果进行比较，验证了三维有限元法的可靠性，并获得了一些关于全船振动的有意义的研究成果．     

De Broglie wavelength of a non-local four-photon state

Superposition is one of the most distinctive features of quantum theory and has been demonstrated in numerous single-particle interference experiments. Quantum entanglement, the coherent superposition of states in multi-particle systems, yields more complex phenomena. One important type of multi-particle experiment uses path-entangled number states, which exhibit pure higher-order interference and the potential for applications in metrology and imaging; these include quantum interferometry and spectroscopy with phase sensitivity at the Heisenberg limit, or quantum lithography beyond the classical diffraction limit. It has been generally understood that in optical implementations of such schemes, lower-order interference effects always decrease the overall performance at higher particle numbers. Such experiments have therefore been limited to two photons. Here we overcome this limitation, demonstrating a four-photon interferometer based on linear optics. We observe interference fringes with a periodicity of one-quarter of the single-photon wavelength, confirming the presence of a four-particle mode-entangled state. We anticipate that this scheme should be extendable to arbitrary photon numbers, holding promise for realizable applications with entanglement-enhanced performance.     

一种频谱分析的实验方案

构建了一个频谱分析的组合型实验方案,即在一组实验中分别采用标量分析法和矢量分析法对信号和电路系统进行频域特征的分析.相对传统的谱分析实验方案,本方案可以提高实验效果.     

论毛泽东的子女教育思想及现实意义

毛泽东在教育子女方面为世人树立了光辉的榜样,其子女教育思想实质上是一种先进模式的典范,不仅超越了当时时代的认识,即使在现今仍然具有强烈的指导作用。     

Field parameterization and experimental test of the neutral theory of biodiversity

Ecologists would like to explain general patterns observed across multi-species communities, such as species-area and abundance-frequency relationships, in terms of the fundamental processes of birth, death and migration underlying the dynamics of all constituent species. The unified neutral theory of biodiversity and related theories based on these fundamental population processes have successfully recreated general species-abundance patterns without accounting for either the variation among species and individuals or resource-releasing processes such as predation and disturbance, long emphasized in ecological theory. If ecological communities can be described adequately without estimating variation in species and their interactions, our understanding of ecological community organization and the predicted consequences of reduced biodiversity and environmental change would shift markedly. Here, I introduce a strong method to test the neutral theory that combines field parameterization of the underlying population dynamics with a field experiment, and apply it to a rocky intertidal community. Although the observed abundance-frequency distribution of the system follows that predicted by the neutral theory, the neutral theory predicts poorly the field experimental results, indicating an essential role for variation in species interactions.     

英语阅读策略训练实证研究

本研究采用定性研究的方法,对某高校非英语专业两个自然班进行了一次阅读策略培训的实验。一个班为实验班,另一个班为对照班,训练开始前和结束后两个班进行了两次阅读测试,结果表明实验班在经过15周的策略训练后阅读水平得到显著提高,而对照班几乎没有什么进步,策略训练是可行的,能够有效提高学习者的阅读水平。     

An anti-idiotype vaccine against experimental schistosomiasis

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic infection of man which is widespread in tropical countries, and which so far has resisted attempts at control. We have been approaching the problem from an immunological angle. We have previously reported the production of a rat monoclonal IgG2a antibody against Schistosoma mansoni which exhibits marked cytoxicity for schistosomula in the presence of eosinophils and a high degree of protection by passive transfer in naive rats. This antibody, IPLSm1, was shown to bind specifically to a schistosomulum membrane target antigen defined as a glycoprotein of relative molecular mass 38,000 (38K), which is strongly immunogenic in schistosome infection of various animal species including man. Although theoretically the 38K protein represents an excellent candidate for a potential vaccine against schistosomiasis, the glycanic nature of the epitope recognized by IPLSm1 limits its production by DNA recombinant technology. It was, moreover, shown that, together with protective antibodies, the 38K molecule was able to induce the production of blocking IgG2c antibodies that inhibit the functional properties of IPLSm1 both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, following Jerne's network theory, we considered an alternative approach, the possibility of immunization using anti-idiotype antibodies. In the present study, rat monoclonal anti-idiotype antibodies were produced against IPLSm1 (AB1). Anti-idiotype antibodies (AB2) were selected by their capacity to inhibit the binding of radioiodinated AB1 to its 38K target antigen. Sera from naive LOU rats immunized with a purified AB2 preparation contained specific anti-schistosome antibodies (AB3) which bound to 38K. AB3 antibodies were strongly cytotoxic for schistosomula in the presence of rat eosinophils and conferred highly significant protection by passive transfer. Most importantly, rats immunized with AB2 demonstrated marked protection (50-80%) to a challenge infection.     

基于驻极体静电俘能器的优化设计与实验测试

针对环境中的低频振动能量,建立了一种双端固支梁振动式驻极体静电俘能器理论模型.利用Matlab/Simulink数值仿真对静电俘能器的各项关键参数进行了优化.分别研究了静电俘能器的输出功率、谐振频率、半功率带宽与驻极体表面电位、空气间隙以及负载电阻的关系.在研究中,外部激励加速度幅值及驻极体尺寸保持恒定.数值分析结果如下:(1)存在一个最佳表面电位使得静电俘能器的输出功率达到最大值,随着表面电位的增加,软弹簧效应逐渐增强使得俘能器谐振频率发生偏移,半功率带宽逐渐增大.(2)当表面电位一定时,存在一个最佳初始空气间隙使得功率达到最大,随着间隙的增大,半功率带宽随之减小.(3)当表面电位和空气间隙保持一定时,存在一个最佳负载使得功率达到最大,随着负载的减小,谐振频率发生偏移.(4)当空气间隙一定时,存在一个最佳负载使得带宽达到最大,且表面电位越大,相同负载下的带宽越大.实验测试了不同负载电阻下俘能器的输出特性:输出功率及半功率带宽都随着负载电阻的增大,先增大而后减小.当负载电阻为90MΩ时,对应的最大输出功率为0.188 mW;当负载电阻为330 MΩ时,对应的半功率带宽达到最大值为4.7Hz.     

一类非局部时滞捕食者-食饵扩散模型的空间动力学

考虑一类带阶段结构的扩散捕食者食饵模型,其中食饵个体经历两个生命阶段,未成熟和成熟阶段,捕食者生物量的转化有一个延迟,食饵生物量的增长遵循一般化的Beverton-Holt函数.就非局部椭圆特征问题的主特征值,建立一致持久性与全局灭绝性.利用波动方法,给出唯一正常数稳态解的全局吸引性.     

基于分水岭和广义非局部平均的小波去噪

非局部平均滤波去噪方法和基于广义非局部平均的小波域去噪方法都会在不同程度上损失图像细节信息.为了在去除图像噪声的同时更好地保留图像细节,文中提出了一种基于分水岭分割和广义非局部平均的小波去噪方法.首先对含有噪声的图像进行基于梯度的分水岭分割并保留分水岭脊线;然后对含有噪声的图像进行多维度小波分解,对分解的每一层系数估计尺度系数和形状系数,构造每层小波子系数的广义高斯模型,对每层细节子带信息分别在水平、垂直、对角线3个方向应用基于广义高斯模型的非局部平均滤波;最后用含噪图像中与分水岭脊线相对应的像素点替换小波重构后图像的对应像素点.仿真结果表明,该方法与基于广义非局部平局的小波分析去噪法相比能获得更好的视觉效果和去噪效果.     

冠脉支架的多功能体外力学性能测试装置及实验研究

针对开发优良力学性能冠脉血管支架的测试需求,研究开发了一套基于机器视觉技术的多功能血管支架力学性能测试装置,并应用所研制的测试装置对自主研发的薄壁微管雕刻316L不锈钢冠脉支架介入过程中的柔顺性、径向支撑力以及支架植入后脉动流环境下的血流动力学特性等多项力学性能进行测试.测试结果表明:该支架具有良好的输送性能;其径向支撑力为180kPa;该支架植入后降低了支架段血管内壁的壁面剪应力,特别是支架近前端和近后端处为低剪应力区,易导致内膜增生而出现再狭窄.测试过程表明,该测试装置满足冠脉支架的多种力学性能测试需求.     

高校学生实验心理的探析

从社会发展对人才的要求出发,探讨了实验在培养高校学生良好心理素质中的作用.高校实验教学应重视大学生的心理素质培养,不仅有助于激发学生学习的主动性和积极性,培养学生的创造性思维能力和实践能力,而且对全面提高学生综合能力也有非常重要的意义.     

高校学生实验心理的探析

从社会发展对人才的要求出发,探讨了实验在培养高校学生良好心理素质中的作用。高校实验教学应重视大学生的心理素质培养,不仅有助于激发学生学习的主动性和积极性,培养学生的创造性思维能力和实践能力,而且对全面提高学生综合能力也有非常重要的意义。     

精密可控微位移器试验研究

本文利用压电陶瓷逆压电效应研制成功了精密可控微位移器.在静动态试验下效果良好,其线性度、稳定性、回零性和滞后量均达到了理想程度,可用于机床误差补偿和热变形补偿系统中.