Vegetation Landscape, Ecological Characteristics and Soil Fixation for Riverbank in Taiwan, China

This study is aimed to investigate and analyze the vegetation landscape around Rivers of Hou-lung, Fa-tz, Da-li, Ching-shuei and Gau- ping, and to select the suitable plant species that could be applied for the area of riverbank ecological engineering in Taiwan. Studying the vegetation established the key point and procedure of ecological engineering in the riverside and revetment, to compile and edit the dominant plants＇ types, life form, propagating method, root systems＇ characteristics and functions for soil conservation. This research choses three dominant plants for roots strength test. The fitting models of plants pulling resistance（Rp, kg） between plant height （H, cm）, diameter near ground （Dn, mm）, diameter above ground 100 mm （Da, mm）, The research finished the relative abundant, types and cluster analysis of riverbank dominant plants that generalize vegetative distribution and ecological restoration for different river types to apply and manage in Taiwan.     

A categorical interpretation of Yetter-Drinfel’d modules

It is known that any strict tensor category (C,⊗,I) can determine a strict braided tensor categoryZ(C), the centre ofC. WhenA is a finite Hopf algebra, Drinfel’d has proved thatZ( _AM) is equivalent to_D(A)M as a braided tensor category, where_AM is the left A-module category, andD(A) is the Drinfel’d double ofA. This is the categorical interpretation ofD(A). Z( _AM) is proved to be equivalent to the Yetter-Drinfel’d module category,_AYD ^A as a braided tensor category for any Hopf algebraA. Furthermore, for right A-comodule categoryM ^A, Z(M^A) is proved to be equivalent to the Yetter-Drinfel’d module category_AY D^A as a braided tensor category. But,in the two cases, the Yetter-Drinfel’d module category_AY D^A has different braided tensor structures.     

Composition operators with linear fractional symbols on vector-valued Bergman spaces

0　IntroductionLetDdenotetheopenunitdiskinthecomplexplaneC , DitsboundaryanddAtheLebesguemeasureonD ,normal izedsothatA(D) =1.ForaBanachspace (X ,‖·‖X) ,wewriteH(D ,X)fortheclassofallX valuedanalyticfunctionsonD .Let1≤ p<∞ ,theX valuedBergmanspaceBp(X)istheclassofallf∈H(D ,X) forwhich‖f‖Bp(X) =∫D‖f(z)‖pXdA(z) 1 /p <∞ (1)IfX =C,thenwewriteBp =Bp(C) fortheclassicalBergmanspaces.Letφ∶D→Dbeananalyticself mapofD .Thenthee quation Cφf=f φdefinesacompositionoperator…     

Fractals in Spatial Patterns of Vegetation Formations

Introduction The quantification of spatial patterns, a focal subject in ecological research, is used as a foundation for meas-urement and analysis of the quality of habitats and the biodiversity[1]. Historically, the dominant approach has been used to cho…     

Functional Imaging of Breast Tissue and Clinical Application

0Introduction Near infrared(NIR)techniquesarebasedonsensitive,quantitativemeasurementsoffunctionalcontrastbe tweenhealthyanddiseasedtissue.Recently,researchersshowgreatinterestinmeasuringfunctionalpropertiesofbreasttis suesuchashemoglobinconcentrationoroxygensaturationbyNIRspectroscopyandNIRimaging[1,2].NIRlightcanpene trateseveralcentimetersintotissuebeforeitisattenuatedbe lowdetection.ThemainintrinsicmechanismsofNIRlightat tenuationintissuearethescatteringduetoindexofrefractionvariatio…     

Research of Inclusion Complexation of 4,4＇-Thiodiphenol Effected by β-Cyclodextrin in Aqueous Solutions and the Effect on Photodegradation

The inclusion behavior of 4, 4＇ -Thiodiphenol （TDP）, a typical bisphenol and endocrine disruptor, reacts with β-cyclodextrin （β-CD） in aqueous solutions has been investigated by means of UV absorption spectrum and quantum-chemical calculation with Gaussian 98 software. The results show that the inclusion behavior of TDP is quite different in acidic solutions （pH 5.9） from that in alkaline solutions （pH 10.0）. This behavior difference is attributed to the different formula structures in aqueous solutions at acidic and alkaline pH values that are demonstrated by quantum- chemical modeling and calculation. TDP forms a 1 ： 1 fl-CD inclusion complex in aqueous solutions. The equiiibrium constant K was calculated to be 553.49 L/mol at pH 5.9 and 1 318.20 L/mol at pH 10.0 respectively for the inclusion complex reaction by using the modified Benesi-Heldbrand equation. After inclusion TDP＇s structure is changed especially at the inclusion part with the bond order becoming larger, which results in inhibitive photodegradation during direct photooxidation and H2O2 assisted photooxidation.     

铝药型罩环形聚能射流的数值模拟

基于一种药型罩材料为铝的环形聚能装药结构,通过Autodyn软件模拟不同起爆方式（起爆环直径D₁）和不同长径比（L/D）的装药,计算得到环形射流的成型过程和速度分布曲线.分析数值模拟结果发现:环形射流成型过程主要受长径比影响,长径比较小时射流发生内偏,长径比较大时射流发生外偏;射流轴向速度主要受长径比影响,长径比越大轴向速度越大,头部轴向速度最大相差约700 m/s;射流径向速度主要受起爆方式影响,平均径向速度最大相差为220 m/s,起爆环直径和长径比在较小或较大时,射流径向速度梯度较大;结合射流成型和速度结果,D₁=0.5D、L/D=1.0时射流综合性能较好.侵彻混凝土板试验的通孔直径为装药直径的2.6倍,数值模拟结果与试验结果误差为7.7%,验证了计算模型及算法的合理性.      

Regularities of formation of binary intermetallic compounds between transition and non-transition elements

A four-parameter model based on the extended Miedema’s cellular model of alloy phases and pattern recognition methods has been used to study the regularities of the formation of binary intermetallic compounds between transition element and non-transition element. The formation criterion can be expressed as some inequities of electronegativity ∮, the valence electron density in Wagner-Seitz cell n_ws^1/3, Pauling’s metallic radius R and the number of valence electrons in atom Z or their functions. According to these empirical criterions, the “unknown” binary alloy system can be predicted, the predicted result is better than that of Miedema’s two-parameter model.     

Modulation of low-frequency oscillations in GaAs MESFETs’ channel current by sidegating bias

Low-frequency oscillations in channel current are usually observed when measuring the GaAs MESFET‘s output characteristics. This paper studies the oscillations by testing the MESFET‘s output characteristics under different sidegate bias conditions. It is shown that the low-frequency oscillations of channel current are directly related to the sidegate bias. In other words, the sidegate bias can modulate the oscillations. Whether the sidegate bias varies positively or negatively, there will inevitably be a threshold voltage after which the low-frequency oscillations disappear. The observation is strongly dependent upon the peculiarities of channel-substrate (C-S) junction and impact ionization of traps-EL2 under high field. This conclusion is of particular pertinence to the design of low-noise GaAs IC‘s.     

Distribution characteristics of soil organic matter and total nitrogen on the Yajiageng vertical belt,Gongga Mountain around the Dadu River banks

Distribution characteristics of soil organic matter（SOM） and total nitrogen（TN） were studied in different plant communities of the Yajiageng vertical belt in Gongga Mountain around the Dadu River banks. The results show： （1） the contents of SOM and TN of the plant communities gradually decreased with the following order： subalpine coniferous forest （3 027 m）, subalpine meadow （3 873 m）, coniferous broadleaved mixed forest（2 737 m）, subalpine shrub（3 565 m） and treeline（3 564 m）. （2） With soil profile depth increasing, the contents of SOM and TN gradually decreased. For different vegetation types, the contents of SOM and TN in sub-alpine coniferous forest were higher than that of other vegetational types. （3）The ratio of the content of carbon to the content of total nitrogen （Cc/CTN）WaS 13.5-27.6, which was relatively lower than the appropriate Cc/CTN of 25-30, and indicated that the soil in favor of the organic matter decomposed and nutrients released. Cc/CTN in the soil had no correlation with sea level altitude. However, its distribution in the soil x, aried with different vegetation types. （4） Nitrogen in SOM existed mainly in the form of organic nitrogen, and Cc/CTN in the soil was not obvious correlated with SOM and TN.     

Latitudinal shift and tilt of the ring current during magnetic storms

The equatorial ring current (ERC) theory suggested that the distribution of global disturbed horizontal geomagnetic field only depends on the cosine of station’s latitude. However, we always observe a larger ΔH at higher latitude stations than lower ones, implying that the ERC could tilt or/and shift with respect to the equatorial plane during intense storms. In this paper, we analyze 11 intense magnetic storms from 2000 to 2004, and introduce two configurational factors to characterize the topology of storm time ring current. The results show that ERC has occasionally deviated off equatorial plane with both tilt angle δ_t≈13°―25° and latitude shift δ_s≈0°―21.8°. The ground disturbed field distribution should be improved as ΔH_k = ΔH_maxcos(φ_k-δ ), which agree well with the geomagnetic observations.     

Shock tube study on auto-ignition characteristics of kerosene/air mixtures

Ignition delay times are obtained for kerosene/air mixtures behind the reflected shock waves at temperatures between 1445 and 1650 K,at a pressure of 0.11 MPa and an equivalence ratio of 1.0.A nebulization device with Laval nozzle is used to nebulize kerosene and form an aerosol phase,which evaporates and diffuses rapidly behind the incident shock waves.Mixtures auto-ignite behind the reflected shock waves.An ICCD is used to visualize the kerosene/air mixture’s ignition characteristics.The mixture’s ignition intensity increases with increase in initial temperature.Continuous and irregular flames exist below 1515 K while plane and discontinuous flames exist over 1560 K.Ignition delay times decrease with increase in initial temperature.Experimental data shows good agreement with results reported previously in the literature.A new surrogate (consisting of 10% toluene,10% ethylbenzene and 80% n-decane) is proposed for kerosene.Honnet et al.’s mechanism is used to simulate the ignition of kerosene with calculations agreeing well with the experimental data.The sensitivity of reaction H+O2 <=>OH+O,which shows the highest sensitivity to the ignition delay time,increases with an increase in temperature.The chain breaching reaction of CH3 with O2 accelerates the total reaction rate and the H-atom abstraction of n-decane controls the total reaction rate.The rate of production and instantaneous heat production indicate that two reactions,H+O2 <=>OH+O and O+H2 <=>OH+H,are the key reactions to the formation of OH radicals,as well as the main endothermic reaction.However,the reaction of R3 is the main heat release reaction during ignition.Flame structure analysis shows that initial pressure is increased slightly as CO and H2O will appear before main ignition.     

Efficacy of anti-CD20 chimeric Fab’ fragment on proliferation of B lymphoma cells

The variable domain of heavy chain (V_H) and light chain (V_L) genes of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody HI⁴⁷ were cloned from anti-CD20 ScFv expression vector pCANBTEcd20 by PCR and ligated into vector pYZF to construct chimeric anti-CD20 Fab’ fragment expression vector pYZFcd20. Chimeric anti-CD20 Fab’ fragment was expressed inE. coli 16C9 and purified by protein G affinity chromatography. Competitive inhibition assay showed that anti-CD20 Fab’ fragment inhibited binding of HI⁴⁷ to CD20 on the surface of Daudi cells. Results from MTT assay indicated that chimeric anti-CD20 Fab’ fragment inhibited the proliferation of Daudi cells, IC₅₀ = 69 μg/mL. Affinity of chimeric anti-CD20 Fab’ fragment was determined, K_a was about 8.9×10⁸ (mol/L)⁻¹.     

Influence of Characteristics on Bending Strength of Layered Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete

The influence of two main characteristics of steel fiber, the aspect ratio （Df） and volume fraction （ρf）, on the bending strength of Layered Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete （LSFRC） is investigated by using orthogonal test. Via the variance analysis on the experimental results and trend analysis on the two characteristics, Df is found significantly related to the bending strength of LSFRC. The influence ratio is 63.3%. The bending strength of LSFRC increases if Df increases, makes better when Df reaches 100. ρf has ordinary influence on the bending strength of LSFRC. The influence ratio is 29.2%. Other characteristics, such as the shape of steel fiber and the mix proportion, have less influence. The best ρf contributing to the bending strength of LSFRC is 1.5 %. If ρf is greater than 1.5%, it has negative influence on the bending strength of LSFRC. So, ρf makes a limited contribution to the bending strength of LSFRC.     

Ultrasonic measurements of single-crystal gold under hydrostatic pressures up to 8 GPa in a Kawai-type multi-anvil apparatus

Ultrasonic measurements were conducted on single-crystal gold at ambient condition and hydrostatic pressures up to 8 GPa at room temperature in a Kawai-type multi-anvil apparatus. The P-wave velocities measured at high pressures were in good agreement with Daniels and Smith’s ultrasonic study. The three independent elastic constants of gold at ambient condition were determined to be C11=192.7 GPa, C12=162.9 GPa, and C44=42.4 GPa. On the basis of an analysis of previous elastic data and the present ultrasonic data, the pressure derivatives of three elastic constants were estimated to be C1 ′1= 7.12,C 1′2 = 6.24,and C4′4 = 1.82. The calculated values of isothermal bulk modulus (KT0) and its pressure derivatives ( KT ′0) are KT0 = 166.44 GPa and KT ′0= 6.56. This indicates that Anderson et al.’s model of equation of state of gold might underestimates pressure about 1 GPa at pressure around 23 GPa and ambient temperature. Our results explained the discrepancies among the models of equation of state of gold proposed previously.     

Fractal Characteristics of Soil under Different Land-Use Patterns in the Arid and Semi-Arid Region of the Western Tibet Plateau, China

0Introduction Changesinsoilstructureoftenaccompanychangesinmanagementpracticesandmayaffecttheeffectivenessofthesepractices.Parametersareneededto quantifythesechanges.Sizedistributionsofsoilparticleandmicroaggregatehavebeenfoundtobeagood indicatorofchanges…     

Dynamic study on water stability of soil structure and soil characteristics of several types of soils in southwest China

Three suborder soils in southwest China were adopted, namely Ustic Vertisol, Stagnic Anthrosol and Ustic Ferrosol, so as to carry out the basic physical and chemical analysis respectively, to design a dynamic measuring method for water stability of soil structure and conduct the comparative study on the quality of the soil structure. The results indicated that （1） The water stability dynamic characteristic of the soil structure could well reflect the maintaining capability of the soil structure as time goes on. （2） The quality of several soil structures in southwest China was sequenced as follows： Stagnic Anthrosols 〉 Ustic Vertisols 〉 Ustic Ferrosols. （3） The water stability of soil structure is very positively correlated with the capillary porosity and the clay particle （D 〈 0.002 mm） content （Co）, but is very negatively correlated with the silt （D is 0.05-0.002 ram） content （Csc）, and （4） The dynamic functional equation of the water stability of soil structure in southwest China was established, so that the water stability characteristics of various soil structures could be quantitatively expressed and the quality of different soil structures can be quantitatively compared from each other.     

Riemann Boundary Value Problem with Square Roots on an Open Arc

The Riemann boundary value problem with square roots in class h0 when the jumping curve is an open arc in the complex plane is considered. It is solved by reducing it to a classical Riemann boundary value problem so that its solutions are obtained in closed form. In certain cases, some auxiliary function ω（z）is introduced. With different choices of ω（z）＇s, some interesting examples are illustrated.     

The concentration quenching characteristics of 5D3-7FJ and 5D4-7FJ (J=0―6) transitions of Tb3+ in YBO3:Tb3+ phosphor

The photoluminescence quenching behaviors of ^5D3-^7Fj and ^5D4-^7Fj （J = 0—6） transitions of Tb^3＋ in YBO3：Tb under 130—290 nm excitation were systematically investigated. The results revealed that the quenching concentrations of both ^5D3-^7Fj and ^5D4-^7Fj transitions of Tb^3＋ in YBO3：Tb were mainly dependent on excitation wavelength. Particularly, the quenching concentrations of ^5D4-^7Fj transitions of Tb^3＋ under 130—290 nm excitation were correlated with excitation bands of YBO3：Tb. The quenching concentrations of ^5D3-^7Fj transitions remained at low concentration （2%） under 186—290 nm excitation and then increased gradually with energy of incoming excitation photon when excited at 130—186 nm. This dependence should be involved in their excitation mechanisms and quenching pathway in particular excitation region.[第一段]     

通管汤盆腔灌注对大鼠输卵管炎性阻塞性不孕模型病理及BCL-2、EGFR蛋白表达的影响

目的研究自拟通管汤(简称通管汤)盆腔灌注对大鼠输卵管炎性阻塞的作用及机制。方法选用体重为(200±20)g,鼠龄8~12周的SD雌性大鼠130只,用混合菌制造大鼠输卵管炎性阻塞模型114只,随机分为正常对照组(A)、模型组(B)、兔耳风胶囊组(C)、通管汤组(低剂量组D_1、中剂量组D_2、高剂量组D_3)。采用输卵管通液观察输卵管通畅,HE染色观察输卵管组织形态学变化,免疫组化检测输卵管上皮细胞Bcl-2、EGFR的表达。结果 (1)治疗组输卵管通畅率D_3、D_2、C组与B、D_1组比较有非常显著性差异(P0.01);(2)D_3组与D_2、C组比较有较显著差异(P0.05);中高剂量治疗组(D_3、D_2)输卵管组织形态好转明显好于模型组(B)与低剂量组(D_1);治疗组输卵管上皮细胞Bcl-2、EGFR表达(P0.05-P0.01),差异有显著性,15 d与30 d比较无明显差异。结论通管汤高剂量组能缓解输卵管肿胀、减轻炎性细胞浸润、增加管腔纤毛数量和恢复输卵管通畅性;并通过下调Bcl-2、EGFR的过度表达,抑制输卵管上皮细胞凋亡和炎症反应,达到治疗输卵管炎性阻塞的作用。