本原半环的稠密性及Kaplansky定理

若半环Ｓ有忠实既约的Ｓ－半模Ｍ，叫Ｓ为本原半环．我们证明了本原半环具有稠密性，然后在此基础上证明了所谓的Ｋａｐｌａｎｓｋｙ定理，即ＰＩ－本原半环是单的，在其中心上是有限维的．     

交换半环上上三角矩阵半环的自同构

设R为任意含单位元的半环,Tn（ R）为半环R上的上三角矩阵半环。利用矩阵的一些性质,得出了半环Tn（R）上的任一半环自同构Φ的一些结论,即（1）当n=1时,Φ为半环Tn（R）的一个半环自同构。（2）当n≥2时,存在半环Tn（R）的内自同构φz,半环自同构μg 使Φ=φz μg。     

半环上的幂零理想

该文研究了半环上的幂零与幂零元理想，得出在阿丁半环上的关于幂零理想与幂零元理想的定义是等价的，且还引进了完全可减半环，并证明出任一个阿丁（诺特）完全可减半环R必存在一个极大幂零理想B，满足：B包含所有幂零单边理想，并且商半环R／B没有非零幂零理想．     

S半环与DM格

本语文在ＤＭ格上建立了一个与著名的ｓｔｏｎｅ定理相平行的定理,并首次提出了Ｓ半环概念,讨论了Ｓ半环的某些性质 。     

半环嵌入偏序复半环定理

半环是计算机语言的一种代数结构。偏序半环有一些更好的性质。将一个代数嵌入一个复代数,有论文作过一些研究。本文利用nana的广义相等的方法,得到将任何半环嵌入一个偏序复半环的定理如下:任何半环皆可嵌入偏序半环的复半环。     

关于NCD——半环的理论

本文给出了ＮＣＤ－半环的概念，又建立了ＮＣＤ－半环的理论，它是ＮＣＤ－环理论的一个推广。     

半环的粗糙子半环

在半环上引入粗糙集,并研究了粗糙子半环;利用半环的非空子集上关于同余关系的上、下近似,给出了半环的粗糙子半环的定义,证明了半环的子半环、理想一定是半环的粗糙子半环、粗糙理想．     

关于乘法含幺半环的拟分配格上的半环同余及商半环

定义了乘法含幺半环的拟分配格上的容许同余族,给出了乘法含幺半环的拟分配格上的一个半环同余,得到了关于乘法含幺半环的拟分配格的商半环的一个结果．     

关于NCD─半环的理论

本文给出了ＮＣＤ－半环的概念，又建立了ＮＣＤ－半环的理论，它是ＮＣＤ－环理论的一个推广。     

加法可换半环上同余及其商半环

该文证明了半环Ｓ的正规理想之集Ｍ的基数小于等于Ｓ上同余关系之集Ｎ的基数,并且存在半环Ｓ,│Ｍ│≠│Ｎ│;同时讨论了由两个著名的同余关系,即Ｂｏｕｒｎｅ同余与Ｉｉｚｕｋａ同余得到的商半环的性质及其它们之间的联系;最后,给出了关于一类特殊半环,其商半环是环的一个充分必要条件。     

关于一类半环的性质

设(S, ,·)是乘法半群为正规纯整群、加法半群为半格的半环.从S的乘法半群的子半群出发,构造偏序关系,得到了乘法半群在该偏序下是偏序半群.若所构造偏序与加法半群的自然偏序一致,则该半环的乘法半群一定是Clifford半群.     

乘法含幺半环的拟分配格的结构

定义了乘法含幺半环的拟分配格,证明了乘法含幺半环的拟分配格是半环,给出了它的一个结构定理.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that