两种佛蝗的染色体C带核型 (蝗总科:剑角蝗科)

对分布在广西宜州市的佛蝗属PhlaeobaStal两个种僧帽佛蝗PhlaeobainfumaiaBrunnerV.Wattenwyl和长角佛蝗PhlaeobaantennateBrunnerV.Wattenwyl的核型和C带带型进行了分析研究.结果表明:两种佛蝗的染色体数都为2n=23.在染色体数目、性别决定机制、染色体均是端部着丝粒和着丝粒C带带纹等方面有相同的特征.但在染色体组式、性染色体、除着丝粒C带以外的其它C带分布类型方面都有明显差异,异染色质在染色体组中的总含量差别较大.     

广西宜州市两种竹蝗的染色体C带核型研究（蝗总科：网翅蝗科）

对分布在广西宜州市的竹蝗属CeracrisWalker两个种青脊竹蝗C．nigricornis nigricomis Walker和黑翅竹蝗C.fasciata fasciata(Brunner v，Wattenwgl)的核型和C带核型进行了研究。结果表明：在染色体数目上、性别决定机制、染色体是端部着丝粒染色体和染色体都含有着丝粒C带带纹上具有一致性。染色体组式也相同，为3L 7M 1S X，但X染色体位置有着差异，两个种的C带带纹除着丝粒C带分布具有一致性外，其它类型的C带数量及分布都有着明显区别，2个种的异染色质含量差别也较大。     

贵州蝗总科5种蝗虫的核型和C-带

研究了贵州斑腿蝗科(Catantopidae)的云贵希蝗(Shirakiacris yunkweiensis),中华越北蝗(Tonkinacris sinen-sis),中华板胸蝗(Spathosternum prasiniferum sinense)和网翅蝗科(Areypteridae)的青脊竹蝗(Ceracris nigricornis nig-ricornis)以及斑翅蝗科(O edipodidae)的疣蝗(Trilophida annulata)等5种蝗虫的核型和C—带。结果显示:5种蝗虫的染色体数目均为2n(♂)=22+x0=23,全部是端部着丝粒染色体;核型公式:2n(♂)=2x=23 t:NF=23;按相对长度,除中华越北蝗分为L、M两组外,其余4种都可分为L、M、S3组;都具着丝粒C—带,但端带和居间带不是每种每条染色体都有;异染色质总量是中华越北蝗的(27.48%)最多,青脊竹蝗的(19.13%)最少。     

小黄蝠（Scotophilus temmincki Consobrinus）的核型研究

采用骨髓细胞染色体制片法,G 显带技术,对小黄蝠的染色体进行了核型、G带的观察分析。结果表明:染色体数目,2n=36,染色体臂数 FN=48。常染色体分为4组(10M+4SM+20A),X 是一条很大型的中央着丝粒染色体,Y 是小型的端着丝粒染色体。G 带结果表明:每条染色体都显出特有的 G 带带纹。X 染色体有明显的5条深带。     

珠江野生草鱼、赤眼鳟的核型、银染和C带比较研究

以珠江大学城江段草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)、赤眼鳟(Squaliobarbus curriculus)的肾细胞为实验材料,采用胸腔注射植物血球凝集素(PHA)、秋水仙素,低渗处理,空气干燥法制备染色体标本,分析其染色体的核型、银染(Ag-NORs)和C带.结果表明:①草鱼和赤眼鳟的染色体数目均为2n=48,草鱼核型公式和臂数分别为2n=22m+24sm+2st,NF=94,赤眼鳟的核型公式和臂数分别为2n=24m+22sm+2st,NF=94;均没有发现随体、次缢痕以及异型性染色体;②在草鱼和赤眼鳟的中期分裂相中,Ag-NORs均出现在染色体短臂的末端,且Ag-NORs的数目为4个的比例最大,但所处的位置有所不同;③草鱼和赤眼鳟的大多数染色体的着丝粒区域都有深浅不一的C带,但赤眼鳟的染色体中除了出现有着丝粒C带外,还有端部C带,而草鱼仅见着丝粒C带.     

贵州四种稻蝗核型和C带的比较研究

研究了贵州小稻蝗（Oxya hyia-intricata）,山稻蝗（O．agarisa）,中华稻蝗（O．chinensis）扣上海稻蝗（O．shanghaiensis）等4种稻蝗的核型扣C带。结果显示：4种稻蝗的染色体数目均为2n（♂）=22＋XO=23,全部是端部着丝粒染色体;核型公式：2n（♂）=2X=23t;NF=23;都可按相对长度分成L、M、S3组;都具着丝粒C带,但端带和居间带不是每种每条染色体都有;异染色质总量是山稻蝗的（22．01％）最多,上海稻蝗的（20．13％）最少。     

贵州7种负蝗核型和C带的比较

报道了贵州短额负蝗(Atractomorphasinensis),纺梭负蝗(A.burri),云南负蝗(A.yunnanensis),奇异负蝗(A.peregrina),令箭负蝗(A.sagittaris),柳枝负蝗(A.psittacina)和长额负蝗(A.lata)等7种负蝗的核型和C带。结果显示,7种负蝗的染色体数目均为2n(♂)=18+xo=19,全部是端部着丝粒染色体,核型公式:2n(♂)=2x=19t,NF=19,最长染色体都是X染色体,都属"4B"核型,都可按相对长度分成L、M两组,都具着丝粒C带,但端带和居间带不一定每种每条染色体都有,异染色质总量是短额负蝗的(42 12%)最多,长额负蝗的(18 23%)最少。     

云斑车蝗核型和C-带的研究

研究了云斑车蝗 (Gastrimargusmaroratusthunberg 1815 )的核型和C一带。结果表明 :云斑车蝗的染色体数目 :2n(♂ ) =2 2 +xO =2 3,全部为端部着丝粒染色体 ;核型公式 :2n(♂ ) =2x =2 3t,NF =2 3。按相对长度云斑车蝗染色体可分成L、M、S3组。除所有染色体均有明显的着丝粒带外 ,X染色体还有端带。最长与最短染色体之比为 3 81∶1,臂比大于 2∶1的染色体在染色体组中的比例为 1。云斑车蝗的核型属“4B”核型。     

湖侧褶蛙及阿尔泰林蛙的核型、C-带、银带研究

本文报道了产于新疆伊犁的湖侧褶蛙(Pelophylaxridibunda)及阿尔泰地区的阿尔泰林蛙(Ranaaftaica)的核型、C-带、银带。产于中欧的湖侧褶蛙的第8、11号染色体是中部着丝粒染色体,而且几乎每条染色体都有端粒区C 带,在一些染色体上还有居间区C带;而产于新疆伊犁河谷的湖侧褶蛙的第8号染色体是亚端部着丝粒染色体,第11号染色体是亚中部着丝粒染色体,只有着丝粒区C-带,没有端粒区和居间区C-带。本文认为这种染色体核型上的差异是同种不同地域种群的染色体多态现象。阿尔泰林蛙与田野林蛙的第6号染色体均为中部着丝粒染色体,本文认为两者同是欧洲林蛙群2n=26与亚洲2n=24的林蛙群的过渡种类。     

贵州2种负蝗核型和C—带的比较研究

研究了短额负蝗AtractomorphasinensisI .Bol.和云南负蝗AtractomorphayunnanensisBietXia的核型和C—带。结果表明 :2种负蝗的染色体数目均为 2n(♂ ) =18+XO =19,全部为端部着丝粒染色体 :核型公式 2n(♂ ) =2X =19t ,NF =19,都属“4B”核型 ,按相对长度 ,它们的染色体都可分成L ,M 2组 ,都具有着丝粒C带。云南负蝗后期Ⅰ染色体组绝对长度总和 (4 9 91± 0 37μm)比短额负蝗的 (4 2 5 0± 0 34 μm)长 ;但结构异染色质总量 (2 8 38± 0 2 2 % )却比短额负蝗的 (38 96± 0 16 % )少。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that