多传感器卫星遥感影像无控制点区域网平差

为了验证多传感器卫星遥感影响无控制点区域网平差算法,采用理论分析和实验的方法,从卫星遥感影像区域网平差的成像几何模型出发,利用卫星遥感影像附带的参数拟合RPC模型参数,然后根据RPC模型和像面的仿射变换模型构建了多传感器卫星遥感影像区域网平差的数学模型。对某地区不同分辨率的SPOT-5 HRG影像进行直接空间前方交会处理和无控制点的区域网平差试验,验证了多传感器卫星遥感影响无控制点区域网平差算法。研究结果证实多传感器卫星影像的区域网平差技术在卫星遥感对地目标定位中有较好的应用前景,尤其可应用于话部无图区的困难地区测绘。     

天绘一号卫星境外几何定位精度初步验证

为验证天绘一号卫星在境外的几何定位精度,采用区域网平差的原理与方法对RPC模型、系统误差模型、RPC模型等进行描述,并选择国外几何定位精度较高的WorldView影像作为控制数据对其RPC模型定位精度进行评价.研究结果表明:天绘一号卫星的平面精度约为10.253 m,高程精度约为3.892 m;选择合理的平差数学模型和控制点分布进行平差后,可以较为显著的提高其平面定位精度,而高程定位精度改善并不明显.     

基于优化有理函数模型的高分辨率遥感影像几何校正及其精度评估 ——以ZY-3和Pléiades卫星数据为例

高分辨率遥感影像的几何校正是其后续影像处理的基础,对提升影像预处理的几何精度具有十分重要的应用价值.本文通过优化有理函数模型(rational function model,RFM),分别对资源三号(ZY-3)和Pléiades卫星高分辨率遥感影像进行几何校正,比较了不同数量地面控制点情境下几何精度提升的效果,并对二者的校正结果进行对比.研究结果表明:(1)未加入控制点时,ZY-3和Pléiades卫星影像平面误差 7. 20 m;(2)当添加1个控制点对RFM进行优化后,2种卫星的高分辨率影像平面误差可降低至4 m左右;(3)随着控制点数目的增加,2种卫星影像的平面误差降低幅度变小,但整体偏移方位改变不大.通过优化RFM的几何校正方法可以不同程度地提升高分辨率影像的平面几何精度,提升效果明显,可满足遥感监测、测图等应用需求.     

机载激光雷达数据辅助的航空高光谱影像几何精校正

严格的几何精校正可以提高遥感影像的实用价值。对于CASI(compact airborne spectrographic imager)推扫式单线阵航空高光谱传感器而言,由于每次飞行装机都要重新安装GPS(global positioning system)接收机、差分定位与惯性测量单元(inertial measurement unit,IMU),因此GPS、IMU和传感器之间的几何方位标定并不严格,从而导致外方位元素精度受到影响,几何校正结果不理想。为提高几何校正精度,需要依据共线方程,结合地面控制点,计算相应的辅助校正参数。然而实验区属于高海拔无人区,难以实施地面控制点测量,且无其他高精度正射影像可参考。为此实验以机载LiDAR(light detection and ranging)数据为辅助,一方面基于LiDAR高程信息生成数字高程模型;另一方面,通过对LiDAR回波强度信息进行校正,提高基于回波强度的地物判读性,并以回波强度图为参考选取控制点。然后,结合控制点和数字高程模型,完成了CASI高光谱影像的几何精校正。通过对航带间同名地物点坐标对比,证明其精度得到了很大提高。结果表明,利用LiDAR回波强度信息可以解决控制点缺少的问题,显著提高遥感图像几何校正精度,未来也可在地物分类等方面发挥更大作用。     

基于高分7号卫星立体像对的DEM提取及其精度评定

测绘卫星立体像对提取DEM效率高、提取速度快,在无控制点的情况下,利用立体像对提取DEM的方法提取DEM成本低、精度高。高分7号(GF-7)卫星是我国首颗民用亚米级高分辨率的立体测绘卫星,实现我国民用1∶10 000比例尺高精度卫星立体测图。主要目的是利用ENVI软件对高分7号卫星立体像提取DEM,并在有无控制点的情况下对提取的DEM进行精度评定。以福建省龙岩市测区为实验区,论述了基于立体像对提取DEM的基本原理,介绍了采用ENVI软件对高分7号立体像对的相对定向、绝对定向、核线影像生成、提取DEM等一般步骤,基于RPC模型即无控制点和1个地面控制点、5个地面控制点生产的DEM。比较在有无控制点及控制点个数不同的情况下提取DEM的效果,并采用检查点法对不同情况下提取的DEM进行高程精度评定。结果显示,无控制点情况下提取的高程精度为14.6 m,增加控制点的个数可以提升DEM的精度。在1个控制点情况下提取的高程精度达到2.4 m。在有控制点的情况下,DEM高程精度可达到山地地区1∶10 000的精度要求。     

辅助控制点下快鸟影像定位求解及其精度分析

结合上海地区城市快鸟(QuickBird)高分辨率卫星影像,简述高分辨率影像定位中的通用传感器模型,有理多项式系数模型(RPC).通过在影像上选取均匀分布的50个地面控制点,运用正则化最小二乘迭代法计算得出RPC.然后分2种情况对求解出的PRC改正,即当同时具有原始地面控制点(GCP)和辅助GCP时,应用正则化批处理最小二乘迭代法(BILSR)来改正RPC系数,而当只有辅助GCP时,则使用增量离散卡尔曼滤波方法(IDKF)来改正RPC精度.最后利用40个检测点,设计多种方案的实验并进行分析,以此为基础对BILSR和IDKF法的可行性进行了对比分析,认为辅助控制点的选择应侧重其本身更高的精度而不是单纯从数量上考虑,此外得出城市高分辨率卫星影像几何处理的一些结论.     

遥感卫星图像几何校正模型法

本文提出了一种对国土普查卫星图像进行几何校正的模型法方案.文中根据成像几何过程建立了动态摄影模型,对模型参数进行优化.在处理局部卫星图像过程中用拟线性变换进行坐标内插.该模型法几何校正精度高、速度快,所使用的地面控制点少,得到了好的实验结果.     

基于有理函数模型和多项式模型的天绘一号影像几何校正精度评估

研究了不同地貌特征的TH-1影像基于多项式模型和有理函数模型的几何校正精度,以及在每种模型下不同控制点个数与几何校正精度的关系.实验结果表明,TH-1影像因光学投影产生的比如扭曲变形等误差较大,有理函数模型中只需较少控制点便可明显提高其几何校正精度;多项式模型中,控制点的数量越多对精度提高越有好处,2阶多项式校正精度最高;在没有参数模型的情况下,高阶有理函数模型是TH-1影像几何校正的最佳选择.     

基于偏置矩阵的卫星遥感影像系统误差补偿

针对在求解卫星遥感影像偏置矩阵的过程中没有考虑偏置角的物理意义,采用理论分析和试验的方法,在分析偏置矩阵中三个角元素对地目标定位精度的影响后,提出了求解偏置矩阵角元素的方法。将求解的偏置矩阵用于国产资源二号卫星遥感影像的几何纠正,在无地面控制情况下,对地目标定位精度达到了实地上的152.338m,很好地补偿了影像上的系统误差,显著提高了直接利用卫星系统参数进行对地目标定位的精度,从而验证了所提出偏置矩阵求解方法的正确性以及用其补偿卫星遥感影像系统误差的可行性。     

空间后方交会的条件平差数学模型

为了解决传统的摄影测量空间后方交会法确定外方位元素,采用间接平差数学模型需要多个地面控制点的问题,提出空间后方交会的条件平差数学模型,该方法利用具有一定精度的外方位元素的初始值作为观测值,采用1-2个控制点就可以解算出6个外方位元素,经实验满足遥感影像几何纠正的精度要求,可实现稀少控制点下的影像精确纠正。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with