边界元法在计算地下水稳定水位和流量中的应用

边界元法是一种新的数值计算方法。该法易于处理无限区域的地下水流问题,并且计算流量也较其他方法准确。本文介绍在二维稳定流的情况下如何计算地下水的水头和流量。承压含水层中的稳定流动,水头H满足拉普拉斯方程。利用格林第二公式,可以得到边界积分方程,即边界元的基本公式。可以用数值方法计算这一边界积分。为此,在边界上选取有限个点,称为节点,两节点间的线段称为单元。本文中选用线性单元和线性插值。引进局部坐标系,可以得到表示H和( H/ n)关系的方程。我们可以选一个节点作为固定的基点,其他节点为动点,对于每一选择都可得到一个方程。依次把每一节点作为基点,可得到N个方程,构成一个线性代数方程组。根据边界条件,每一节点中的H或( H/ n)有一个是已知的,解方程组可求出另一个。解出边界上的全部H和( H/ n)以后,可算出内部的水头和流量。对于非均质问题可划分为几个区域来处理。分界线上要满足相容性方程。对于( H/ n)的不连续点,可用“节点多值法”处理。     

三维热传导边界条件识别反问题的平均源边界节点法研究

平均源边界节点法是最近提出的一种边界型无网格方法,该方法基于完全规则化边界积分方程和平均源技术.前者解决了源点和场点重合时基本解奇异性的困难问题,后者使得方法不涉及边界单元和积分的概念.本文是ASBNM方法在三维反问题中的初步尝试.对于求解反问题时出现的线性病态系统,采用Tikhonov和TSVD两种正则化方法求解,通过广义交叉校验准则法确定正则化参数.数值算例结果表明,即使边界数据存在随机扰动,该方法仍然可获得准确的数值解.     

泊松方程的边界点法求解与区域积分的规则网格处理

提出用规则网格来处理用边界积分方程方法数值求解Poisson方程时遇到的区域积分问题的新方法.传统上区域积分通过内部单元来处理,其精度高,稳定性好,但人工消耗较大.引入规则网格可以在保持内部单元所有优点的同时大大减小初始数据准备的时间,因为在边界型方法中内部单元的作用是评价内部变量对边界未知量的影响,并不直接影响边界条件的处理以及相应的形函数构造.利用提出的规则网格技术并结合新的边界型数值方法——边界点法求解Poisson方程,给出的若干算例具有较高的计算精度,显示出方法的可行性,并从计算的角度讨论网格间距与边界点支域大小的关系对计算精度的影响.     

利用边界元法计算电磁场

本文利用格林定理直接建立了边界元法的积分方程,对方程数值处理后,得出计算边界点和内部点位函数的方程组.最后,讨论了各向异性媒质的基本解和非线性情况.     

泊松方程的边界节点解法

边界节点法是一种将边界积分方程和移动最小二乘近似方案相结合的边界型无网格法．对于求解泊松方程的边界元方程中的区域积分,采用多重互换法把区域积分转化为边界积分,然后用边界节点法求解边界积分方程．给出了用多重互换法把区域积分转化为边界积分的收敛性证明．数值算例验证了这种方法的实用性和有效性．     

分区非均质固体边界元法的改进

本文借助虚拟力与积分变换法推导出分区不均质弹性及粘弹性问题的边界积分方程,阐述了数值解法。这种数值解法与均质弹性体的边界元法相类似,不需作分区组合计算,也不必随时间逐步求解,从而简化了计算程序,计算量也大大减少,便于工程应用。文中提供了用该方法完成巷道交岔点应力分析的算例。     

瞬态热传导问题的精细积分边界元法

对于三维瞬态热传导问题,在考虑内部热源的情况下,采用双重互易边界元法(DRBEM)结合精细积分法(PIM)进行求解。该方法根据含有内部热源的各向同性介质瞬态常系数热传导问题的控制方程,通过加权余量法推导出相应的边界积分方程,然后用双互易法(DRM)处理得到的边界积分方程,将热源项和温度关于时间导数项引起的域积分通过径向基函数(RBF)逼近后转化为边界积分。之后将边界积分方程离散,得到与时间相关的一阶常系数微分方程组,最后,在获得解析解的过程中,通过PIM处理其中的矩阵指数函数(MEF)。通过三个数值算例来验证该方法的准确性和稳定性。     

三层媒质二维谱域Green函数的路径追踪算法

为了搜索三层媒质二维谱域Green函数中的全部模式极点,提出了一种路径追踪算法.该算法首先利用数学变换,将三层媒质二维谱域Green函数的特征方程替换为复平面上的4个超越方程;然后,应用路径追踪法和Newton-Raphson迭代法求解各超越方程的根,得到谱域Green函数的全部模式极点,即表面波极点、漏波极点和反常极点.该算法克服了围线积分法中积分路径穿过分支割线进入不同Riemann面时容易造成失根的缺点,可应用于离散复镜像方法和最陡下降路径积分法中,以实现三层媒质二维空域Green函数近场和远场的精确、快速计算.最后,利用数值算例验证了该算法的正确性和有效性.     

三维单域弹性问题虚边界无网格伽辽金法分析

针对更具一般性的三维问题,虚边界无网格伽辽金法被进一步推广研究,提出了三维单域弹性问题虚边界无网格伽辽金法,包括ANSYS有限元软件提取面单元、节点数据信息,给出的命令流具有动态数组的优点,输出的节点坐标达到28bit。详细推导了三维单域弹性问题虚边界无网格伽辽金积分方程,并为了便于编程实现进行数值离散,得到积分方程对应的离散格式。最后计算三维混凝土立方体受压试块应力分析,取中间四个截面上的应力进行验证。结果表明,三维单域弹性问题虚边界无网格伽辽金法计算可行、精确性好;给出的ANSYS命令流,能够提前准备编程数据,通用性强,大大简化任意面的单元划分与节点坐标信息提取工作,利于建议方法的推广应用。     

多域自然应力边界积分方程

文章通过对常规应力边界积分方程反复的分部积分,将应力表示成位移ui、面力ti及自然变量wi的积分形式,并推广到多域系统,建立了多域自然应力边界积分方程;该积分方程仅含几乎强奇异积分,同常规应力边界积分方程所含的几乎超奇异积分相比,奇异性降低了一阶;再利用正则化技术解析处理多域自然应力边界积分方程中的几乎强奇异积分,从而可以准确计算多域系统近边界内点的应力。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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