A Preliminary Study of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) in the Endangered Aquatic Quillwort Isoetes sinensis Palmer in China

Isoetes sinensis Palmer (Isoetaceae) is an aquatic or amphibious plant that is critically endangered in China. Previous studies have revealed the crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)-like photosynthetic pathway occurs commonly in submerged leaves in genus Isoetes. Water chemistry parameters and the titratable acidity content of the plant extract were measured from samples obtained in the early morning (7:00) and late afternoon (15:00) from two I. sinensis populations in China. One population occurs in the eulittoral zone of a freshwater tidal river at low elevation (134 m) and another occurs in a densely vegetated, high elevation (1 100 m) alpine shallow pool. Significant differences in pH and titratable acidity of the plant extract were detected between the morning and afternoon samples. These changes are associated with diurnal changes in water chemistry. Our results provide the first evidence for the existence of the CAM pathway in the East Asian endemic Isoetes sinensis Palmer. The magnitude of fluctu     

RAPD Analysis for Genetic Variation within the Endangered Quillwort Isoetes hypsophila （Isoetaceae）

The genetie variation in the critically endangered species Isoetes hypsophila was investigated using Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA (RAPD) markers. Thirteen primers were screened from sixty primers, and a total of 104 DNA fragments were scored, of which, 52 were polymorphic loci. Low-level genetic diversity within populations with PPB values ranging from 7.69% to 25.96% was found. An Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) indicated that the most of variance (78.30%) occurred between Yunnan and Sichuan. The variances among populations within regions and within populations were only 3.89% and 17.82%, respectively.     

Morphological evolution from aquatic to terrestrial in the genus Oreolalax （Amphibia, Anura, Megophryidae）

A phylogeny of 17 species in the genus Oreolalax is reconstructed based on 21 morphological characters from adult specimens, skeleton specimens, tadpoles and eggs. Four species groups are recognized, of which the O. rugosus species group is the most primitive, the O. weigoldi species group is the second, the O. omeimontis species group is the third and the O. pingii species group is the most recently diversified. Based on the evolutional tendency of the morphological characters on the phylogenetic tree, it is proposed that the evolution of tympanum, tympanic annulus, columella, spoon-like cartilage and the web between toes reflect the habit changes from aquatic to terrestrial. Thus, Oreolalax is regarded as one important representative genus to study further the evolution of morphological characters from aquatic to terrestrial.     

独一味化学成分的研究(Ⅰ)

为研究独一味[Lamiophlomis rotata(Benth.)Kudo]地上部分的化学成分,采用硅胶、MCI柱色谱、半制备型高效液相色谱等方法分离了化合物,并根据理化性质、波谱数据分析对其进行了结构鉴定.结果从独一味乙酸乙酯部位分离到了11个化合物,分别鉴定为木犀草素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1)、芹菜素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(2)、β-谷甾醇(3)、毛蕊花糖苷(4)、红景天苷(5)、咖啡酸(6)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(7)、龙胆酸(8)、3,4-二羟基苯乙醇(9)、2,4,5-三羟基肉桂酸(10)、2E-4-羟基己烯酸(11).其中化合物5,8¹1为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

Biological mechanism of controlling cotton aphid (Homoptera: aphididae) by the marginal alfalfa zone surrounding cotton field

At the beginning stage of cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover) invading the cotton field, large numbers of insects have accumulated in the marginal alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) zone surrounding it. They are 6.94 times (excluded natural enemies) as many as the aphids in cotton field. Most of these insects areTherioaphid maculata (Buckton), and occur in fields 10–15 d earlier than cotton aphids. Consequently, abundant natural enemies have bred in alfalfa zone when cotton aphids increase rapidly in cotton fields in the middle of June in Xinhe County, Xinjiang Autonomous Region. The total number of the major natural enemies, including Coccinellids, Chrysopids and Syphid flies in alfalfa zone, is 13.65 times that in cotton field within the same acreage of fields. At this period, it is very effective to force the natural enemies from the alfalfa zone into the nearby cotton field to control the rapid increase of cotton aphid population by cutting the alfalfa stands.     

对甲基苯磺酸存在下的微波辅助合成聚对二氧环己酮的研究

采用微波加热,在对甲基苯磺酸（TSA）存在下,合成了聚对二氧环己酮(PPDO).将合成的产物进行了FT-IR 和1H-NMR表征并进行了UV分析.详细考察了反应温度、时间以及对甲基苯磺酸用量对聚合的影响情况,获得了最佳的反应条件.当温度为60 ℃,反应时间为30 min,PDO与对甲基苯磺酸的摩尔比例为500∶1时,PPDO的粘均分子量(Mv)达到了46900 g·mol-1,产率为81.9%.与常规加热相比,微波加热提高了聚合反应的速率.     

聚乳酸-聚乙二醇嵌段共聚物及其交联聚氨酯弹性体的性能研究

通过改变聚乙二醇的用量,将丙交酯与聚乙二醇共聚制成嵌预聚体,用二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯扩链后再用三羟甲基丙烷交联,制得系列聚氨酯型新颖性体。通过对其性能研究表明,随着ＰＥＧ含量的增加,共聚物的特性粘度降低,玻璃化转变温度降低,拉伸强度先升后降;聚氨酯弹性体的玻璃化转变温度降低,拉伸强度降低,而降解速度去加快。     

中国白肩天蛾属记述与一新记录种(鳞翅目:天蛾科)

白肩天蛾属(Rhagastis RothschildJordan,1903)在中国分布有9种.于2017年上半年和2018年上半年分别对贵州荔波县茂兰自然保护区和海南乐东县尖峰岭地区进行考察并采集到一些天蛾标本.在对长喙天蛾族(Macroglossini Harris,1839)的标本进行整理之后发现,其中一些标本为宽缘白肩天蛾(Rhagastis acuta Walker,1856),这是该种首次在中国境内被记录.对该新记录种雄性成虫的形态进行了描述且附图,并对中国白肩天蛾属目前已知的种类进行了记述.     

基于改进x2n次方器的二进制域快速模逆

研究椭圆曲线加密算法（ECC）中模逆运算的硬件结构.实现了2个基于Itoh-Tsujii算法（ITA）的模逆硬件结构,最小时钟周期模逆结构（LCC）和高速模逆结构（HS）,两种结构均使用简化为非迭代逻辑的二进制域2n次方器和模乘器,并在Xilinx Virtex-5上实现.综合结果表明,本算法提高了时钟频率,两种结构分别达到了不同场景的最小延迟.LCC结构在GF （2163）上用9周期完成运算,频率达到126.1 MHz,性能比以往工作提高56%;HS结构在GF （2193）上用20周期完成两次运算,频率达到177.6 MHz,性能比以往工作提高134%.      

Synthesis and characterization of amphiphilc block copolymer poly(methyl acrylic acid)-block-polytetrahydrofuran

Under the specially designated condition the polymerization of both tetrahydrofuran (THF) andtert-butyl methacrylate (tBMA) is a living one. The diblock copolymer, poly(tert-butyl methacrylate)-block-polytetrahydrofuran (PtBMA-b-PTHF), was successfully synthesized by means of the coupling reaction of living cationic PTHF⁺, SbF₆ with living anionic PtBMA^-, Li⁺. LiCI, which has a beneficial effect on the molecular weight distribution (MWD) in the anionic polymerization of (meth)acrylates, hinders the coupling reaction of living chains and cannot be used in the preparation of tBMA precursor. The hydrolysis of the aforementioned diblock copolymer under acid condition results in the amphiphilic diblock copolymer, i.e. poly(methy1 acrylic acid)-block-polytetrahydrofuran (PMAA-b-PTHF). The diblock copolymers were characterized with GPC and IR.     

Self-assembly of 4-（amyloxy） cinnamic acid on HOPG and its photoinduced transformation： An STM study

With the development of the nanoscience and nanotechnology, scientists try to use single molecule to fabricate electronic device, and the so-called “bot- tom-up” technology was considered to be one of the effective methods, which constructs molecular el…     

Sequence analysis of the gene correlated with cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in rape-seed (Brassica napus) Polima and Shaan 2A

orf224 is a CMS-related mitochondrial gene discovered in Polima cytoplasm. Shaan 2A CMS line is the parent of the first rapeseed hybrid cultivar Qinyou No. 2 that has been grown in many regions of China. In this work, genomic DNA of Polima CMS line and Shaan 2A CMS line were used as templates, two primers of specific oligonucleotides at 5′ and 3′ ends were used, PCR was performed, the amplification fragments were cloned into pGEM-T Easy vectors and DNA sequences were determined. The CMS-associated gene, orf224-1 present in Shaan 2A CMS line, has a sequence highly homologous to the orf224 of the Polima CMS line, except for one nucleotide at position +398. There were only one base (AAC→AGC) and one amino acid (Asn →Ser) differences between the two. The homologies of the two sequences in nucleotide and amino acid were 99.9% and 99.6%, respectively. It is concluded that orf224 in Polima CMS line and orf224-1 of Shaan 2A CMS line are the allele at the same locus in mitochondria.     

葡聚糖-聚丙烯酸纳米粒子的制备及载药性能

选用不同的投料比合成了葡聚糖-聚丙烯酸纳米粒子,通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重分析(TGA)、动态光散射(DLS)和表面电位分析等多种手段研究了投料比对产物粒子的流体力学直径和表面电位的影响,并选择一种阳离子药物D im inazene aceturate(DA)来考察产物粒子的载药能力,结果显示葡聚糖-聚丙烯酸纳米粒子在载药领域有潜在的应用前景。     

埃洛石纳米管对聚乳酸基材料的改性研究进展

埃洛石纳米管（HNTs）是一种天然的无机纳米管状材料,具有与高岭土相似的化学组成以及与碳纳米管类似的一维结构,因其来源广泛、价格低廉,并且具有较大的长径比、较大的比表面积以及高模量等特点,近年来受到广泛关注并被应用于高分子材料的改性之中。本文在HNTs的结构特点和现有的表面改性方法的基础上,梳理了近年来HNTs用于聚乳酸（PLA）基聚合物复合材料改性的相关研究工作,重点关注了HNTs对材料的热稳定性、相结构、结晶性能、降解性能、机械性能以及生物医学性能方面的影响,展望了HNTs改性PLA复合材料的研究和应用前景。     

Expression of hepatitis B surface antigen gene (HBsAg) in Laminaria japonica (Laminariales, Phaeophyta)

A transformation model for Laminaria japonica was established from 1993 to 1998, on the basis of which the transgenic kelp with heterologous gene encoding hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was obtained by using the microparticle bombardment transformation method. Results of quantitative ELISA showed that HBsAg in transgenic kelp was 0.529 μg/mg soluble proteins on average and the highest value was 2.497 μg/mg, implying that recombinant HBsAg had natural epitope. Further support for the integration of HBsAg gene into kelp genome was obtained by PCR-Southern and total DNA hybridization. Prospect of kelp bioreactor producing high value materials such as edible HBV vaccine was discussed as well.     

组织工程用聚乳酸梯度支架的制备及分形研究

采用改进的溶液浇铸/粒子沥滤工艺,将聚乳酸（PLLA）与致孔剂粒子粉碎后,制备了双层和多层孔径梯度变化的PLLA泡沫支架。扫描电镜观察表明,材料内部界面处存在一定的扩散现象,且界面处孔的连通性好,通过调整致孔剂粒子的粒径以及PLLA与致孔剂粒子的比例,可有效地调控支架的各项参数（材料大小、孔径、孔隙率）。对材料进行分形研究,表明梯度多孔支架内部无明显界面,孔径过渡平缓。     

A Novel Degradation Pathway of Zn（dmid） （ phen）2 in Pyridine

The light-oxidation degradation processes of Zn(dmid)(phen)2(dmid = 4, 5-dimercapto-1,3-dithiole-2 one, phen = 1,10-phenanthroaline) in pyridine solvent has been monitored, h has been found under the light, dmid^2- of Zn(dmid)(phen)2 in pyridine solution could generate NCS^- and NCS^-replaces dmid^2- to form Zn(NCS)2 (phen)2 simultaneously. The crystal structure of Zn(NCS)2 (phen)2 has been determined. In the crystal of Zn(NCS)2 (phen)2. two NCS^- ligands are arranged in syn-configuration, and there is strong π-π interaction between the two adjacent parallel phen.     

谷氨酸、褪黑素导致海马脑薄片诱发群体峰电位的变化过程研究

在大鼠海马脑薄片上电刺激海马Schaffer侧支纤维 ,胞外记录CA1区锥体细胞层诱发群体峰电位 (PopulationSpike ,PS) ,观察灌流谷氨酸 (Glu)和褪黑素 (MEL) 40min ,人工脑脊液冲洗30min对PS的影响 ,结果显示 :不同浓度 ( 1 .0、1 .2 5、2 .5和 5.0mmol/L)的Glu作用下 ,70min末PS值百分比分别为 1 560 .5%、1 50 .7%、1 3.1 %、4.1 % ;并且Glu浓度高时 ( 2 .5或 5.0mmol/L) ,恢复期末增加刺激强度均不能使PS值升高 .不同浓度MEL( 0 .4μmol/L、0 .5μmol/L、0 .6μmol/L、0 .7μmol/L)作用下PS值在 70min内波动幅度随浓度升高而变小 ,70min末PS值百分比分别为1 93.8%、1 2 9%、75.2 % (恢复期末增大刺激强度 ,则可恢复到 1 0 0 % )、97.1 % .上述结果提示 :低浓度Glu( 1mmol/L ,1 .2 5mmol/L)对神经元具有兴奋作用 ;高浓度Glu( 2 .5mmol/L ,5mmol/L)具有神经毒性作用 ;MEL对神经元具有兴奋和抑制双重作用 ,因MEL浓度不同 ,其作用形式会有不同     

Genome-wide distribution of histone H3 acetylation in all- trans retinoic acid induced neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells

With chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and promoter DNA microarray analyses (ChIP-on-chip), we analyzed the variations of acetylation on histone H3 in all-trans retinoic acid (RA) induced neuronal cell differentiation. Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were treated with RA for 24 h and the acetylation on histone H3 in the promoter region of the genes was detected. Results showed that, after treatment, the level of acetylation on histone H3 elevated in 597 genes in the genome, and reduced in the other 647 genes compared with those of the control. In summary, we have successfully adopted a high throughput technique to detect and analyze variations of acetylation of histone H3 in human genome at the early phage of RA induced neuronal differentiation of the SH-SY5Y cells. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 90408007 and 30721063) and National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2004CB518605)     

微波法合成低分子量聚L-乳酸研究

在微波辐射条件下，以L-乳酸为原料抽真空直接合成低分子量聚乳酸。根据微波辐射的特点制作了两口长颈反应釜，考察单体纯度、催化剂种类和用量、聚合时间、聚合温度等因素对聚卜乳酸粘均分子量的影响，确定了最佳工艺；并采用IR、^1HNMR和^13CNMR等测试手段对聚合产物进行了结构表征。