高精度伺服稳定跟踪平台数字控制器研制

以陀螺伺服稳定跟踪平台为背景 ,介绍了以DSP为处理核心的平台数字伺服运动控制器的研制 .指出惯性速率环和电机速度环的本质不同 ;提出增加电机转矩 (电流 )环用于提高电机输出转矩线性度的方法 ,从而达到提高惯性速率稳定环的控制效果 ;介绍了以CCD图像或增量式码盘测角组成系统位置闭环 ,以光纤速率陀螺作为惯性速率反馈传感器组成系统速率闭环 ,附带电流反馈组成电机转矩 (电流 )环和速度、加速度前馈装置的前馈反馈复合控制系统 .组成伺服跟踪平台系统联调后测试结果表明 ,系统具有良好的动、静态性能指标和很好的控制效果 .     

高精度伺服稳定跟踪平台数字控制器研制

以陀螺伺服稳定跟踪平台为背景，介绍了以DSP为处理核心的平台数字伺服运动控制器的研制．指出惯性速率环和电机速度环的本质不同；提出增加电机转矩(电流)环用于提高电机输出转矩线性度的方法，从而达到提高惯性速率稳定环的控制效果；介绍了以CCD图像或增量式码盘测角组成系统位置闭环，以光纤速率陀螺作为惯性速率反馈传感器组成系统速率闭环，附带电流反馈组成电机转矩(电流)环和速度、加速度前馈装置的前馈一反馈复合控制系统．组成伺服跟踪平台系统联调后测试结果表明，系统具有良好的动、静态性能指标和很好的控制效果．     

结合迭代学习控制的视觉伺服物品抓取方法

针对家庭环境中服务机器人的物品抓取问题,以NAO机器人为实验平台,提出了一种结合迭代学习控制的基于位置的视觉伺服抓取算法.结合Bumblebee2双目立体相机构建了视觉伺服系统,对NAO机器人的机械臂进行了运动学建模.针对静止物品和传递过程中运动物品的抓取问题,分别设计了李雅普诺夫渐进稳定的基于位置的视觉伺服(PBVS)抓取控制律,最后为克服机械误差和物品运动预测误差的影响,结合迭代学习控制对PBVS控制律进行了改进,通过迭代实验验证提出的方法能够快速校正系统误差,提高系统响应速度,使机器人能够快速、稳定地完成目标物品的抓取,实现相应的家庭服务.     

伺服控制系统的模糊优化及其参数自整定

针对一次性整定的控制参数很难确保伺服控制系统始终处于最佳状态,探讨了伺服控制系统的模糊优化及其参数自整定.分析了参数调整的模糊性,研究了控制参数的整定原则及其自整定机理,基于动态特征提出了评价函数,讨论了奖惩函数与奖惩自学习算法,设计了参数自整定的伺服控制系统结构.系统仿真实验与实际工程运行结果显示,提出的算法可将系统精度稳定地控制在期望的范围内.工程应用效果表明,该方法控制精度高,鲁棒性强,可满足高精度伺服控制系统的工况需要.     

基于定量反馈理论的两轴稳定平台混合控制器设计

针对两轴稳定平台中控制对象的不确定性及其扰动问题,在建立其不确定数学模型的基础上,综合考虑了对象的不确定性范围和系统的性能指标要求,采用定量反馈理论研究了两轴稳定平台跟踪伺服控制,设计了鲁棒性强的跟踪控制器.采用Matlab进行仿真结果显示:定量反馈理论(QFT)和比例积分微分(PID)相结合的直流电机驱动控制器具有响应速度快、无超调、抗干扰能力强以及稳态误差小等优点;其动、静态性能均优于单一控制器,较好地抑制输出干扰带来的影响,使两轴稳定平台系统得到良好动态响应,便于工程实现.     

双下肢控制平台的设计与研究

为了测试假肢的性能,本文设计了下肢运动平台,平台的主要构成部分是四个直流电机,4个伺服驱动器,一个控制板卡和一台电脑.根据仿生学将他们连接起来,并以固高控制卡为控制核心,以髋关节和膝关节的角度信号作为下肢平台的运动控制信号,在VC环境下编程控制电机,通过四轴同步刷新的方法控制平台运动,使平台在运动过程中比之前更加协调.     

大范围视觉伺服方法在空间机器人上的应用

为了克服人工维护卫星危险性高及成本昂贵等种种弊端,采用在卫星主体上安装一个空间机械臂、臂的末端安装单目摄像机的方法,无需远程遥操作控制,即可利用手眼视觉控制机械臂完成卫星的自我维护.在传统的基于位置的视觉伺服(PBVS)与基于图像的视觉伺服(IBVS)基础上,提出一种复合视觉伺服控制方法,通过在线估计目标的深度和旋转姿态来选择PBVS和IBVS控制器.该方法既具有两种伺服方法各自的优点,又保证了图像空间与笛卡尔空间轨迹的可控性.大范围运动(尤其是涉及到旋转伺服)时选择PBVS控制器,小范围运动时则使用IBVS控制器,从而实现了空间机器人的大范围完全自主视觉伺服控制.针对空间环境的特殊性,设计并实现了一种合作目标识别方法,确保了伺服系统能够在复杂的环境下快速稳定地提取伺服特征.实验结果表明,该方法在进行大范围视觉伺服时,伺服定位准确,对采样和标定误差具有鲁棒性.     

直拉式可逆冷轧实验轧机张力控制技术

直拉式可逆冷轧实验轧机的张力控制仅使用张力反馈进行闭环控制无法兼顾速度匹配和张力稳定的要求.研究发现采用速度前馈加张力反馈的组合控制技术,可以很好地解决这一问题.前馈控制器是根据轧制速度设定值计算伺服阀流量设定值,进而计算出伺服阀开口度.反馈控制采用一个PI控制器,根据张力偏差,计算伺服阀开口度.将前馈和反馈控制量叠加后作为张力液压缸伺服阀开口度的总设定值.该技术在某450mm直拉式冷轧实验轧机的张力控制中取得了很好的效果.     

融合阻抗控制的卫星自维护平台的自主操作

为了提高卫星自维护平台操作的自主性、安全性和鲁棒性,提出了一种融合阻抗控制的视觉自主操作方法.针对太空中变化强烈的光照环境,对物体识别采用合作目标亚像素精度定位的方法,提高了合作目标三维空间定位的精度.对合作目标的识别算法进行了特别的设计,以适用于卫星有限的计算能力,并将视觉伺服算法融入基于关节力矩的阻抗控制.当卫星自维护平台执行接触操作时,视觉伺服能提供与被操作物体的精确接触信息,提高了卫星自维护平台对工作环境的适应能力和顺从能力.实验结果证明了该方法的可行性.     

基于最优轮胎力分配的车辆动力学集成控制

针对车辆主动转向和纵向滑移率调节系统的集成控制,将整体控制任务分为主环和伺服环两部分:主环中采用非线性滑模控制给出广义车辆运动稳定控制力,并具有足够的鲁棒性;伺服环将该稳定控制力最优地分配到4个轮胎上,并考虑轮胎接近饱和区域时的非线性以及执行器的约束条件.仿真结果表明,基于该算法的集成控制器能较好地改善横摆角速度响应,并抑制车身的侧滑,从而提高了车辆的主动安全性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with