北京城中村儿童户外体力活动环境影响因子分析——-以大有庄、骚子营邻里为例

在我国, 近年来无论是新区建设还是旧区改造都缺少儿童参与, 成人化设计导致城市邻里空间不足以吸引儿童开展体力活动, 产生了一系列儿童健康问题。本研究选取北京市海淀区大有庄、骚子营社区, 运用感知地图方法, 对6~12岁儿童户外活动环境感知及理想邻里环境意向进行调查分析, 共获取儿童感知地图38份。研究结果显示: 儿童对邻里空间的感知结构包括3种模式, 即“活动场所+活动路径”、“路径”和“场景”; 第一种模式对应的儿童户外体力活动水平较后两者高; 恶劣的卫生条件及汽车数量的急剧增加, 是弱化儿童户外体力活动机会感知的消极环境因子; 游戏与运动设施、水景、树木花卉、软质铺装及座椅, 构成促进儿童户外体力活动机会感知的积极环境因子。研究结果可为我国各城市的“城中村”改造建设提供参考。     

邻里尺度下建成环境更新对积极老龄化的促进

 建成环境已经被证实是影响积极老龄化的重要因素,而老年人由于身体机能下降,活动范围缩小,邻里尺度成为老年人最经常活动的领域。通过整理国内外相关文献,梳理了邻里建成环境在步行环境、公共服务设施和构建活动空间平台3方面与积极老龄化的互动关系,提出在中国邻里环境的更新建设中,要结合年龄层打造不同圈层步行网络;配合步行网络设置多样的公共服务设施;营造老年人融入社会事务的平台,积极推进适老政策,促进老年人融入社区。     

大型购物中心消费者微观意象空间感知差异研究

选取福州市仓山万达广场、宝龙城市广场两个大型购物中心,应用城市意象理论,通过认知地图分类归纳,构建大型购物中心意象空间因子,赋予各意象空间因子最具代表性的意象空间元素.采用问卷调查法,运用定量统计比较不同属性特征的消费者对大型购物中心意象空间因子的感知差异.研究发现:(1)大型购物中心意象空间由基础配套设施、服务指示设施、景观营造设施、服务功能分区以及非物质空间5类因子构成,各意象空间因子包含对应的意象空间元素;(2)微观空间尺度的大型购物中心具有"可意象性";(3)消费者的个体属性影响其对大型购物中心意象空间因子的感知.     

基于使用后评价的老年公寓户外景观评价与分析以安徽省合肥市Ｔ老年公寓为例

:随着老龄化现象的加剧,老年公寓的兴起符合当下养老的需求和趋势,但传统的老年公寓普遍存在环境质量不高的常重要。影响老年公寓户外景观空间环境的因素多样,采用现场观测、问卷调研和访谈相结合的调查方法,选取５个１级指价(ＰＯＥ)分析结果,从园艺疗法角度提出优化建议。现象,例如空间活动单一、设施陈旧等。因此,针对使用人群的特点,对老年公寓的户外景观进行全面和量化的评估就变得非对Ｔ老年公寓户外景观的满意度从高到低分别为道路景观、景观设施、场地空间、社会文化和植物景观。最后,运用使用后评标、２０个２级指标作为因素集,通过问卷调查形式对其进行满意度评价并运用因子分析法进行数据分析。结果表明:使用者关键词:户外景观;使用后评价;园林植物;老年公寓     

城市公园正式及非正式运动场地体力活动特征研究——以深圳市为例

使用社区游戏与游憩观察系统(SOPARC),对深圳市的3个公园进行36次观察,统计78个目标运动场地中12297名游客的体力活动水平,分析正式和非正式运动场地上体力活动人群的性别和年龄差异。结果表明,儿童和青少年的体力活动水平显著高于中年人和老年人,男性的体力活动水平显著高于女性;正式运动场地中,足球场、篮球场、网球场和乒乓球场的体力活动水平显著高于其他运动场地;非正式运动场地中,儿童无器械活动场地体力活动水平最低;部分非正式运动场地支持更多样的体力活动,如园内广场和开放草地支持跳舞、打羽毛球、踢球和放风筝等活动。研究结果可为建设有利于提升体力活动水平的城市公园提供环境策略。     

户外儿童娱乐设施的人性化

近年来随着社会对儿童游戏重视程度的逐步加强,对户外儿童娱乐设施的研究也非常必要。本文着重探讨了儿童玩具设施中各基本构成要素的设计,从玩具的安全性、色彩、材料以及趣味性等几个方面来分析。结论为当前户外儿童娱乐设施更具有人性化发展趋势。     

儿童户外拓展营地景观设计原则及分类研究

在儿童的成长过程中,多多参与户外教育拓展活动可以锻炼儿童的心智,激发儿童的潜能,提高儿童的身体素质,促进儿童的全面发展。相较于不参加户外教育拓展活动的儿童来说,参与拓展活动的儿童成年后的综合素质相对更高。因此,设计规划良好的儿童户外教育拓展营地景观十分必要,充满趣味性的户外教育拓展活动能够促进儿童的健康成长,帮助儿童树立正确的价值观和世界观。笔者重点分析了儿童户外教育拓展营地景观的规划设计原则,给出了儿童户外教育拓展营地景观的分类情况,希望可以为儿童营造更加积极向上的户外教育拓展营地环境,激发儿童的学习兴趣,使儿童得以全面发展。     

基于激励老年人休闲性体力活动的城市公园设计策略研究

随着全球人口老龄化程度的加深以及“健康中国”国家战略的提出,老年人的健康问题备受关注。优美舒适的城市公园是老年人日常休闲健身的主要场所,如何通过科学的设计激励老年人进入城市公园进行休闲性体力活动,并以此提升老年人的健康水平,已经成为城市公园设计必须要着重考虑的事情。为制订激励老年人进行休闲性体力活动的设计策略,有必要对老年人休闲性体力活动的积极性与影响因素进行深入研究。基于此,从空间、场所和感知3个层面,梳理出城市公园可达性、空间连接性、空间丰富度、场地面积、小品设施、场地功能性、安全性、美观性和视觉感知等9个老年人休闲性体力活动的影响因素,并在此基础上系统总结激励老年人休闲性体力活动的城市公园设计策略。     

可供、可及、可见：ChatGPT赋能下的无障碍视听传播前景展望

无障碍视听传播为视听障碍人群提供平等获取信息和参与传播的机会,它旨在消除视听障碍对个体的限制。从技术可供、传播可及、权力可见三个角度分析ChatGPT赋能下的无障碍视听传播,分别针对视障和听障群体分析ChatGPT多模态辅助弥合数字残疾沟的可能性,生产可供性下智能语音实时翻译应用和认知可供性下听障群体情感智能交互,利用多维视觉重构听觉支持机制,平台可供性下第一人称视角问答与感知可供性下语音辅助多元场景重塑视觉辅助机制。然而技术的可供性并不意味着无障碍视听传播的可及性,需要加强数字政府建设、法律行业建设以及优化应用产品。无障碍视听传播未来发展应聚焦于障碍人群的权力可见,从微观知觉到宏观知觉、从特殊到普遍、从被技术重塑到重塑技术这三方面探讨未来的转向。     

童年晚期儿童感知的班级环境与攻击行为的关系

以452名小学六年级儿童为被试,采用儿童攻击行为同伴评定问卷和班级环境问卷,考察童年晚期儿童感知的班级环境与攻击行为的关系.结果发现:1)感知的班级环境各维度中,师生关系能显著负向预测身体攻击,同学关系能显著负向预测身体攻击和关系攻击,学习负担能显著正向预测身体攻击和关系攻击.秩序与纪律和竞争两个维度不能显著预测身体攻击和关系攻击.2)童年晚期儿童身体攻击、关系攻击存在班级环境类型差异.具体表现为,问题型班级环境类型儿童的身体攻击和关系攻击水平高于积极型和一般型班级环境类型儿童.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that