视频车辆监控系统图像抖动快速消除算法研究

在开发智能视频车辆监控系统时,为满足图像抖动消除速度和效果的要求,通过分析系统特点提出了一种基于图像匹配的新算法.新算法利用在基准帧中预先划定的适合于进行图像匹配的区域,在当前帧中根据像素灰度的绝对差值和寻找其最佳匹配,通过预测的方法快速求出当前帧相对于基准帧的偏移量,从而用来消除抖动.实验表明,新算法在确保抖动消除效果的同时大幅度地提高了处理速度,满足了系统要求.     

基于分区灰度投影稳像的运动目标检测算法

针对视频监控系统中,复杂环境引起摄像机抖动,造成运动目标检测不准确的问题,提出了一种基于分区灰度投影稳像的运动目标检测算法.首先对每帧图像进行分区,利用分区灰度投影算法对图像各分区的运动矢量进行准确提取和相关性分析,进行抖动判断,并对抖动帧进行运动补偿.然后利用高斯混合背景建模算法进行运动目标提取.最后对目标提取结果进行形态学处理,以进一步提高目标提取的精度.实验结果表明,本文算法较好地消除了场景中运动目标对运动矢量计算的干扰,实现了在摄像机抖动视频场景中的运动目标的准确检测和提取,大大降低了抖动视频目标检测的虚警率.     

气动光学效应退化图像循环迭代复原算法研究

为了从湍流序列退化图像中有效地去除模糊、抖动等气动光学效应，提出一种基于内外循环迭代的湍流退化图像复原新算法．该算法利用多帧湍流退化图像，建立了一个基于航天图像随机场概率模型的联合对数似然函数．通过极大化该对数似然函数，推导出了基于内外循环交替求解目标图像及各帧点扩展函数的迭代关系，据此可将目标图像和各帧点扩展函数同时估计出来．在微机上进行了复原实验，实验结果表明该算法能用多帧图像获取目标图像和点扩展函数的最佳联合估计，可有效地去除模糊、抖动等气动光学效应．     

空间扩展FRC算法及其实现

在分析帧比率控制(FRC)算法的基础上,提出了一种空间扩展FRC算法,将非线性时间混色扩展到显示的屏幕空间,可以保证画面的平均亮度基本不变.从理论上推导了采用该算法时静态图像相邻两帧间图像明像素数的最大差异,并使用基准图形进行了测试.该FRC被实现于一个液晶显示控制器,经实际的制造工艺分析,具有较好的硬件实现特性.     

一种面向静态图像消噪处理的二维中值滤波方法

提出了一种基于二维中值滤波用于静态图像消噪的改进算法.实验表明,该算法能有效滤除图像中的高斯噪声和斑点噪声,同时能很好地保持图像中的细节部分且比较容易用硬件实现.     

单应变换下无人机序列图像高效率压缩算法

针对高空无人机航拍序列图像的实时图像压缩问题,设计了一种基于单应变换的可精确定比的高压缩性能低计算复杂度航拍序列图像压缩算法.该算法使用机载惯导数据进行编码帧组划分并获得中间帧相对于首尾帧的初始单应变换,进而通过多子区匹配实现对单应矩阵的快速精确求解,然后通过单应变换来实现对中间帧的整体运动估计和补偿,最后用JPEG2000算法对帧组数据进行整体压缩.实验结果表明,相对于传统算法,该算法具有计算复杂度低、压缩比高、保真度好、可精确定比压缩的优点.     

一种基于压缩感知的图像去马赛克算法

文中提出了一种基于分块压缩感知的图像去马赛克算法.该算法首先将Bayer色彩滤镜阵列采样值等效为压缩感知理论中感知矩阵采样所得的压缩数据.其次通过结合Bayer色彩滤镜阵列自身特点训练分块稀疏字典.最后在训练所得稀疏字典的基础上利用分块压缩感知重构算法便可精确重构出Bayer色彩滤镜阵列采样结果.由于训练所得稀疏字典能有效降低与Bayer色彩滤镜采样阵列之间的相关性,因此文中所提出的图像去马赛克算法能有效对单一Bayer色彩滤镜阵列采样值进行重构.通过实验验证表明：新的图像去马赛克算法明显优于传统插值算法,重构所得彩色图像在去除假色影响的同时能完整保留原始图像的细节信息.     

基于结构相似性粗定位与背景差分细分割的运动目标检测方法

针对抖动相机和静止相机下的运动目标检测问题,本文提出基于结构相似性粗定位与背景差分细分割的运动目标检测方法。首先使用动态模式分解法根据视频序列提取彩色背景图像为粗定位提供基础,提出在小范围内利用相关法对SIFT算子检测到的当前帧图像和彩色背景图像的特征点进行匹配,通过匹配点对的偏移量估计当前帧图像的偏移程度,以达到消除图像抖动的目的;然后利用结构相似性对目标区域粗定位,减少复杂背景的干扰;再对各通道下粗定位彩色背景图像及校正后的当前帧图像背景差分并对其结果进行与操作;最后通过形态学处理得到完整的运动目标。实验结果表明：本文方法不仅有效改善了相机的抖动问题,而且在抖动相机和静止相机两种情况下的检测率有所提高,与GMM等三种算法相比查全率和准确率分别提高1.6%、3.5%和3%以上。     

一种基于傅里叶变换的改进ViBe算法

针对Vi Be算法在第1帧图像中含有运动目标时容易引入Ghost区域以及不能很好地去除阴影等问题.我们基于块的背景建模结合傅里叶变换,对Vi Be算法进行了改进.该算法对每一帧图像进行分块,在块内使用快速傅里叶变换,利用第1帧图像中每一块的直流分量建立背景模型,以后各帧与背景模型比较,检测出运动物体,最后通过扫描图像计算每一列前景像素的个数与设置的阈值进行比较,来消除阴影.实验结果表明,改进的算法可以快速的去掉Ghost区域以及很好地去除阴影.     

抖动轨迹耦合交替迭代最小技术的图像模糊消除算法

为了解决图像采集过程中因抖动引起的模糊问题,并能消除振铃效应,可对自相关性强烈的图像进行清晰复原,设计了模糊图像抖动轨迹估算函数;引入结构相似度,推导出降噪函数;提出了抖动轨迹耦合交替迭代最小技术的图像模糊消除算法。利用Bregman迭代法与交替最小技术,联合结构相似度,得到离散优化模型,对图像去噪处理;随后嵌入Wallis算子消除扩散效应,得到锐化图像;再由模糊图像与锐化图像,基于权重理论,估算模糊图像抖动轨迹;借助傅里叶逆变换,提取抖动轨迹的空间域;利用维纳滤波对抖动轨迹空间域规范化操作,获取清晰图像。测试了算法的性能。结果表明:与其他技术相比,算法消除自相关性强烈图像的抖动模糊效果更优异,可获得细节清晰的图像。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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