共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 9 毫秒
1.
M. L. Rose 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1998,54(9):965-978
The immunological properties of human endothelial cells suggest they perform a pivotal role in acute and chronic rejection
following solid organ transplantation. In this review the basic features of acute and chronic rejection are described as are
the cellular and molecular requirements for antigen presentation. Traditionally, antigen-presenting cells are considered to
be bone marrow-derived cells. However, these conclusions have been derived from rodent models of allograft rejection where
bone marrow-derived passenger leukocytes are the only source of donor major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II in the
grafted organ. In contrast, in humans, virtually all the microvascular and small vessel endothelial cells are ‘constitutively’
positive for MHC class II antigens. The phenotypic properties of human endothelial cells, their response to cytokines and
their ability to stimulate resting T cells are described. Unlike bone marrow-derived antigen presenting cells (APCs), which
utilise B7/CD28 interactions, human endothelial cells utilise lymphocyte function antigen 3 (LFA3)/CD2 pathways to stimulate
T cells. They activate a CD45RO + B7-independent subpopulation of T cells. Their effect on allogeneic T cells is compared
with other non-bone marrow-derived cells such as fibroblasts, epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells, which are unable to
stimulate resting T cells. Evidence is presented suggesting that release of MHC and non-human leukocyte antigens (HLA) from
endothelial cells stimulates an alloantibody and autoimmune response leading to chronic rejection.
Received 30 March 1998; received after revision 4 May 1998; accepted 4 May 1998 相似文献
2.
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase: insight into cell-specific gene regulation in the vascular endothelium 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The vascular endothelium plays a crucial role in regulating normal blood vessel physiology. The gene products responsible
are commonly expressed exclusively, or preferentially, in this cell type. However, despite the importance of regulated gene
expression in the vascular endothelium, relatively little is known about the mechanisms that restrict endothelial-specific
gene expression to this cell type. While significant progress has been made towards understanding the regulation of endothelial
genes through cis/trans paradigms, it has become apparent that additional mechanisms must also be operative. For example,
chromatin-based mechanisms, including cell-specific DNA methylation patterns and post-translational histone modifications,
have recently been demonstrated to play important roles in the cell-specific expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase
(eNOS). This review investigates the involvement of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in vascular endothelial cell-specific
gene expression using eNOS as a prototypical model, and will address the possible contributions of these pathways to diseases
of the vasculature.
Received 13 September 2005; received after revision 13 October 2005; accepted 19 October 2005 相似文献
3.
Release of a vascular-inhibitory factor from endothelial cells (EC), different from endothelium-derived relaxant factor (EDRF), was identified through use of a two-bath system. This two-bath system precluded the effects of oxygen-free radicals that appear when electrical field stimulation (EFS) is directly imposed on detector muscle. 相似文献
4.
K. W. Hong W. S. Lee B. Y. Rhim Y. W. Shin 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1989,45(4):320-322
Summary Release of a vascular-inhibitory factor from endothelial cells (EC), different from endothelium-derived relaxant factor (EDRF), was identified through use of a two-bath system. This two-bath system precluded the effects of oxygen-free radicals that appear when electrical field stimulation (EFS) is directly imposed on detector muscle. 相似文献
5.
D. J. Wilson 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1985,41(2):269-271
Summary The extraembryonic vascular membranes of 3-day-18-day chick embryos were examined for the presence of mast cells. As early as 3.5 ddays mast cells were found on the area vasculosa. It is suggested that these cells have a role in angiogenesis of the chick extraembryonic vascular system.The work is supported by The Wellcome Trust. 相似文献
6.
Mast cells are present during angiogenesis in the chick extraembryonic vascular system 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
D J Wilson 《Experientia》1985,41(2):269-271
The extraembryonic vascular membranes of 3-day-18-day chick embryos were examined for the presence of mast cells. As early as 3.5 days mast cells were found on the area vasculosa. It is suggested that these cells have a role in angiogenesis of the chick extraembryonic vascular system. 相似文献
7.
Histamine release from mast cells: role of microtubules 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
8.
Diana Klein 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2018,75(8):1411-1433
Recent advances in the field of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) research have opened a new avenue for stem cell-based generation of vascular cells. Based on their growth and differentiation potential, human iPSCs constitute a well-characterized, generally unlimited cell source for the mass generation of lineage- and patient-specific vascular cells without any ethical concerns. Human iPSCs-derived vascular cells are perfectly suited for vascular disease modeling studies because patient-derived iPSCs possess the disease-causing mutation, which might be decisive for full expression of the disease phenotype. The application of vascular cells for autologous cell replacement therapy or vascular engineering derived from immune-compatible iPSCs possesses huge clinical potential, but the large-scale production of vascular-specific lineages for regenerative cell therapies depends on well-defined, highly reproducible culture and differentiation conditions. This review will focus on the different strategies to derive vascular cells from human iPSCs and their applications in regenerative therapy, disease modeling and drug discovery approaches. 相似文献
9.
G Burnstock J Lincoln E Fehér A M Hopwood K Kirkpatrick P Milner V Ralevic 《Experientia》1988,44(8):705-707
In this report we demonstrate the immunocytochemical localization of serotonin in endothelial cells of rat coronary vessels and a significant increase in the release of serotonin into the perfusate of Langendorff rat heart preparations during hypoxia. It is suggested that serotonin, localized in endothelial cells, is released during hypoxia and could provide part of a pathophysiological mechanism for vasodilatation to protect the heart from damage due to hypoxia. 相似文献
10.
Hadoke PW Macdonald L Logie JJ Small GR Dover AR Walker BR 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2006,63(5):565-578
The ability of glucocorticoids to directly alter arterial function, structure and the inflammatory response to vascular injury
may contribute to their well-established link with the development of cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have emphasised
the importance of tissue-specific regulation of glucocorticoid availability by the 11 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11HSD)
isozymes, which inter-convert active glucocorticoids and their inactive metabolites. The expression of both type 1 and type
2 11HSDs in the arterial wall suggests that prereceptor metabolism of glucocorticoids may have a direct impact on vascular
physiology. Indeed there is evidence that 11HSDs influence glucocorticoid-mediated changes in vascular contractility, vascular
structure, the inflammatory response to injury and the growth of new blood vessels. Hence, inhibition of 11HSD isozymes may
provide a novel therapeutic target in vascular disease.
Received 19 September 2005; received after revision 1 November 2005; accepted 25 November 2005 相似文献
11.
12.
G A Turner 《Experientia》1979,35(12):1657-1658
The ability of collagenase to disaggregate a solid metastasizing lymphosarcoma has been shown to considerably increase with reducing environmental pH. It is suggested that this effect may be operating in vivo to release cells from a primary tumour. 相似文献
13.
Thermal injury: release of a cytotoxic factor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A A Hakim 《Experientia》1973,29(7):865-867
14.
Summary We have demonstrated that colloidal gold-labelled serum proteins are taken up by a number of cells in cultures established from the postnatal rodent neopallium. The colloidal gold enters and remains within secondary lysosomes over extended periods of time and, as well, persists after the subculture of these cells. The cell types that readily take up the label in our culture system are type-1 astrocytes, glial precursor cells and macrophages, whereas, only a small number of oligodendrocytes take up the label. The use of serum proteins to introduce colloidal gold into cells therefore seems to be a convenient and easy way to permanently mark cells. 相似文献
15.
Kai Song Hao Wu H. N. Ashiqur Rahman Yunzhou Dong Aiyun Wen Megan L. Brophy Scott Wong Sukyoung Kwak Diane R. Bielenberg Hong Chen 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2017,74(3):393-398
VEGF-driven tumor angiogenesis has been validated as a central target in several tumor types deserving of continuous and further considerations to improve the efficacy and selectivity of the current therapeutic paradigms. Epsins, a family of endocytic clathrin adaptors, have been implicated in regulating endothelial cell VEGFR2 signaling, where its inactivation leads to nonproductive leaky neo-angiogenesis and, therefore, impedes tumor development and progression. Targeting endothelial epsins is of special significance due to its lack of affecting other angiogenic-signaling pathways or disrupting normal quiescent vessels, suggesting a selective modulation of tumor angiogenesis. This review highlights seminal findings on the critical role of endothelial epsins in tumor angiogenesis and their underlying molecular events, as well as strategies to prohibit the normal function of endogenous endothelial epsins that capitalize on these newly understood mechanisms. 相似文献
16.
17.
Summary When, from a partially migratory population of blackcaps, migratory-active (a) and-inactive (i) individuals were bred, the a×a pairs produced more birds of the type a than the original population and the i×i pairs, and the latter also more birds of the type i than the original population. Thus the characters migratory and resident in the blackcap are inherited and polymorphism is now demonstrated as a controlling system for partial migration in birds.With support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.We thank the French embassy for arranging permission to collect experimental birds. 相似文献
18.
The biology of streams as part of Amazonian forest ecology 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
I. Walker 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1987,43(3):279-287
Summary Data on long-term research on the ecology of Central Amazonian forest streams are presented and they reveal the following basic features: Firstly, the essential input of nutrients into these waters consists of forest litter and of the fungi that decompose this litter; consequently, the bulk of the fauna is concentrated in accumulations of submerged litter. Secondly, the nutrients released by the decomposition of this litter do not appear in solution in the stream water, but are tied up throughout in the food web of the aquatic fauna. Thirdly, this food web is relatively robust. This is due to the absence of food specialists in the major channels of energy transfer. One of the staple foods for invertebrate predators consists of chironomid larvae. Fourthly, the degree of acidity and/or the content of dissolved humic substances (more or less black water) has a marked effect on the density and to a lesser extent on the species diversity of the invertebrate fauna, black waters being richer in both. Fifthly, the annual inundations of the forest in the middle and lower courses of the smaller rivers lead to drastic periodic changes of animal densities, and in some cases to annual periodicity of breeding, as exemplified by a three-year study of shrimp populations in the river Tarumazinho. 相似文献
19.
We have demonstrated that colloidal gold-labelled serum proteins are taken up by a number of cells in cultures established from the postnatal rodent neopallium. The colloidal gold enters and remains within secondary lysosomes over extended periods of time and, as well, persists after the subculture of these cells. The cell types that readily take up the label in our culture system are type-1 astrocytes, glial precursor cells and macrophages, whereas, only a small number of oligodendrocytes take up the label. The use of serum proteins to introduce colloidal gold into cells therefore seems to be a convenient and easy way to permanently mark cells. 相似文献
20.
A. Novelli 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1962,18(6):295-296
Riassunto Per distinguere le cellule a membrana integra da quelle con membrana alterata può essere vantaggiosamente usata una soluzione isotonica di violetto ametista: il colorante trova utile applicazione nel conteggio delle cellule vive e morte per il trapianto del cancro ascite di Ehrlich. Modificando la permeabilità delle cellule mediante azoto liquido si possono inoltre ottenere delle buone colorazioni delle strutture cellulari indipendentemente dall'uso dei comuni fissatori. 相似文献