基于混合聚类算法的动态R-树

针对动态R-树是通过动态插入算法建立起来的, 其节点分裂算法的性能直接影响到R-树的性能和查询效率的问题, 为了使动态R-树适应多维复杂空间数据的要求, 提出一种用于实现R-树节点分裂的混合聚类算法（HCR）, 它建立在普通聚类算法的基础上, 并进行了一系列扩充. 针对空间对象的均匀分布与不均匀分布, HCR算法在实现R-树节点分裂时分别采用不同的聚类准则以提高其聚类效果和查询效率. 此外, 还将HCR算法与其他算法进行对比实验, 结果表明该算法具有较高的查询效率.     

一种改进的基于R-树混合空间聚类算法

对基于空间聚类的R-树的空间数据库索引技术进行研究,提出了面向R-树的空间混合聚类算法的改进算法,而将改进后的算法与其他算法的性能进行对比,可以发现：改进后的算法比其他空间聚类算法具有更大的优势．     

一种处理空间实体约束的空间聚类算法

分析了现有处理空间实体约束的空间聚类算法,提出一种处理空间实体约束的空间聚类算法SPOC.该算法对具有空间实体约束的空间对象进行聚类时,利用空间关系中的方向关系来选取新的中心对象,同时利用回溯的、非几何的方法求解障碍空间中两个空间对象间的障碍距离,实验表明算法SPOC是一种有效的处理空间实体约束的空间聚类算法.     

基于K-Means聚类的R-树空间索引方法研究与分析

 空间聚类和空间索引的结合是当前空间数据库中提高数据检索效率的技术之一。本文从空间聚类和空间索引的存储原理入手,阐述了K-Means聚类算法及其改进算法的技术思路,研究了K-Means算法在空间数据库中与空间索引方法结合的技术问题;分析了当前基于K-Means算法的R-树系列空间索引技术的研究成果,阐述了它们提高空间检索效率的技术路线及实验结果,研究显示这些技术都能在一定程度上提高数据检索的效率。最后给出了聚类与空间索引结合技术未来的研究方向。     

一种基于相交关系的GML空间聚类算法

提出一种基于相交关系的GML空间聚类算法SCIR,该算法以GML数据作为数据源,计算空间对象的相交关系,针对空间对象的相交关系和非空间属性,定义了一种相似度度量方法,利用ROCK算法进行聚类.实验结果表明,算法SCIR能实现GML数据中基于相交关系的空间对象聚类,并具有较高的效率.     

基于改进NSGA-Ⅲ的文本空间树聚类算法

构建倒排文本空间索引树(IR)分裂聚类多目标模型,对非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅲ)的求解过程进行改进,提出一种基于先验初始种群策略的非支配排序遗传算法(PIPS-NSGA-Ⅲ),使其更适应于倒排文本空间对象分裂聚类问题的求解.通过PIPS-NSGA-Ⅲ算法寻求对象最小包围矩形(MBR)之间的重叠与覆盖面积、对象群间平均距离以及语义相似度等目标的最优前端解.通过对比PIPS-NSGA-Ⅲ,NSGA-Ⅱ,NSGA-Ⅲ和SPEA-Ⅱ进化多目标算法,从对象分类时间、效率、查询时间和准确度等多个方面来评估算法的优劣.实验结果表明:PIPS-NSGA-Ⅲ算法对文本空间对象聚类分裂具有较高的效率;相对于简化传统R树(STR树)与R树空间索引结构,基于改进NSGA-Ⅲ文本空间索引的平均查询时间减少24.8%,平均准确度提高3.75%.     

基于道路网络的移动对象的聚类算法研究

现有的对空间移动对象的聚类算法大多是在自由空间下提出的,在真实应用中,空间对象的访问主要是在受限的空间网络中.针对移动对象的移动特点,提出了对CMON框架中聚类算法的一种改进算法,并在改进的算法上对范围进行了限制,从而保证了只在一定范围内的对象聚合在一起.实验结果表明,算法对于真实道路网络中的对象聚类是高效的.     

基于聚类树的多类标文本分类算法研究

提出一种新的多类标分类算法——多类标聚类树算法.该算法利用文本属性特征及类标信息,通过迭代调用"基于类标信息的聚类算法",将两空间分类树的生长不断划分,直至空间足够简单为止.实验证明,提出的多类标聚类树算法总体上优于其他对比算法,其分类能力强于排序能力.     

基于候选对象裁剪的密度子空间聚类

针对目前子空间聚类算法存在精度差、效率低的问题,设计了一种子空间聚类算法DSUB.提出了裁剪候选对象的方法,减少了候选聚类对象的个数且对候选对象分组,使得待搜索的聚类簇只能是某个组的子集,可降低后续聚类处理的复杂度.此外,提出了新的邻域查询方法和抽样覆盖策略用以提高密度聚类的处理速度.实验结果表明:DSUB算法精度高,能够发现任意形状的聚类簇;计算复杂度与数据量呈线性关系;抗噪声性能强;聚类结果与处理顺序无关.DSUB算法非常适合处理子空间聚类.     

改进的基于后缀树的Web搜索结果聚类算法

为提高Web 搜索精度和检准率, 在后缀树聚类算法基本模型的基础上, 提出了一种改进的基于后缀树的搜索结果聚类算法。将向量空间模型与后缀树聚类相结合, 改善了基类合并的效果, 综合基类节点对应文本数、短语包含词语长度、短语权重及是否包含查询词作为聚类标签的筛选条件, 改进了聚类标签的合理性和可读性。以搜狗语料库中的文本分类语料库为数据源进行的实验结果表明, 该方法在一定程度上提高了聚类结果的准确率。     

Parallel bulk-loading of spatial data with MapReduce: An R-tree case

Current literature on parallel bulk-loading of R-tree index has the disadvantage that the quality of produced spatial index decrease considerably as the parallelism increases.To solve this problem,a novel method of bulk-loading spatial data using the popular MapReduce framework is proposed.MapReduce combines Hilbert curve and random sampling method to parallel partition and sort spatial data,thus it balances the number of spatial data in each partition.Then the bottom-up method is introduced to simplify and accelerate the sub-index construction in each partition.Three area metrics are used to test the quality of generated index under different partitions.The extensive experiments show that the generated R-trees have the similar quality with the generated R-tree using sequential bulk-loading method,while the execution time is reduced considerably by exploiting parallelism.     

Nearest neighbor search algorithm for GBD tree spatial data structure

This paper describes the nearest neighbor (NN) search algorithm on the GBD(generalized BD) tree. The GBD tree is a spatial data structure suitable for two-or three-dimensional data and has good performance characteristics with respect to the dynamic data environment. On GIS and CAD systems, the R-tree and its successors have been used. In addition, the NN search algorithm is also proposed in an attempt to obtain good performance from the R-tree. On the other hand, the GBD tree is superior to the R-tree with respect to exact match retrieval, because the GBD tree has auxiliary data that uniquely determines the position of the object in the structure. The proposed NN search algorithm depends on the property of the GBD tree described above. The NN search algorithm on the GBD tree was studied and the performance thereof was evaluated through experiments.     

Nearest neighbor search algorithm forGBD tree spatial data structure

： This paper describes the nearest neighbor （NN） search algorithm on the GBD（generalized BD） tree. The GBD tree is a spatial data structure suitable for two- or three-dimensional data and has good performance characteristics with respect to the dynamic data environment. On GIS and CAD systems, the R-tree and its-successors have been used. In addition, the NN search algorithm is also proposed in an attempt to obtain good performance from the R-tree. On the other hand, the GBD tree is superior to the R-tree with respect to exact match retrieval, because the GBD tree has auxiliary data that uniquely determines the position of the object in the structure. The proposed NN search algorithm depends on the property of the GBD tree described above. The NN search algorithm on the GBD tree was studied and the performance thereof was evaluated through experiments.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations: retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value, too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels. Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

派生索引空间连接查询

空间连接查询是最耗时、最重要的空间查询。针对空间多路连接中一方有R树索引,另一方是连接或选择的中间结果,因而无索引的情况,提出派生索引连接方法。这一方法基于父母索引为中间结果建立派生索引,以用于随后的空间连接,分析其查询花费,用于多路连接的查询优化。最后用实验结果说明方法的有效性。     

多维空间数据索引结构的并发控制方案

R树是支持多维空间数据访问的重要索引结构之一，但由于缺乏适用的并发控制机制来保证并发环境下数据的一致性，因此至今大多数商用数据库系统都不支持基于R树的并发处理。建立在R树基础上的R-link树解决了并发控制中出现的部分难题，但它仍然存在幻像等问题，因此分析R-link树中的尚存的问题，并通过设计一个基于内存的操作控制列表来预先避免可能冲突的并发操作，从而实现完全的并发控制。实验证明所提方案是正确的且有利于提高系统性能。     

An efficient spatio-temporal data structure for multi version management of engineering drawings

In the engineering database system, multiple versions of a design including engineering drawings should be managed efficiently. The paper proposes an efficient spatial data structure, that is an expansion of the R-tree and HR-tree, for version management of engineering drawings. A novel mechanism to manage the difference between drawings is introduced to the HR-tree to eliminate redundant duplications and to reduce the amount of storage required for the data structure. Data management mechanism and structural properties of our data structure called the MVR -tree are described.     

An efficient spatio-temporal data structure for multi version management of engineering drawings

In the engineering database system, multiple versions of a design including engineering drawings should be managed efficiently. The paper proposes an efficient spatial data structure, that is an expansion of the R-tree and HR-tree, for version management of engineering drawings. A novel mechanism to manage the difference between drawings is introduced to the HR-tree to eliminate redundant duplications and to reduce the amount of storage required for the data structure. Data management mechanism and structural properties of our data structure called the MVR -tree are described.