Die katalytische Wirkung von Metallionen auf die Stabilität von Phosphagenen

Summary Phosphoroguanidates, a class of compounds which includes the enzymatically-active phosphagens, exhibit exceptionalin vitro stability. This lack of reactivity implies anin vivo mode of activation, as yet undiscerned. A variety of metal ions catalyse the cleavage of the phosphorus-nitrogen bond with consequent phosphoryl-group transfer, but the enhancement of rate seems insufficient to account for the known activities of phosphoro-creatine and phosphoro-arginine. It is suggested that yet another mode of activation, chemical or biochemical, awaits discovery.     

Unterschiede der Stabilität von Lipopolysacchariden ausProteus vulgaris OX 19 in Serum und Plasma

Summary Although bacterial polysaccharides are broken down in the serum of various animals, polysaccharides in the plasma of the same animal are largely stable. The importance of this finding is discussed with respect to the biological behaviour of polysaccharides.     

Die Stabilitätenreihenfolge der stereoisomeren Hydrindan-und Hydrindanon-Verbindungen

Summary The stability orders for severalcis/trans epimeric hydrindanones and 8-methyl-hydrindanones are shown in a qualitative manner. Starting with the geometry of cyclopentane and cyclohexane changes of Bayer and Pitzer strain existing in the two isomeric bicyclo (4:3:0) nonane systems are discussed. The influences of an angular methyl group (estimated by the simple empirical method evaluated byTurner) and of two new conformational effects (alkyl ketone effects) induced by replacing a methylene group by a carbonyl group are taken into account.     

Vegetative Entwicklung und Fertilität einiger annueller Pflanzenarten unter dem Einfluss verschiedener konstanter Temperaturen

Summary The influence of a series of constant temperatures on some annual plant species was studied in otherwise constant conditions. There are big differences in the behaviour of the species. But also within a species the properties studied can have different optimal temperatures. These differences are especially characteristic in some cases for the properties of fertility and of the vegetative growth. One species, for instance, can under certain conditions be very high and can even have numerous big flowers, but the plants can be simultaneously entirely sterile.     

Komplex-Stabilität und tuberkulostatische Aktivität einiger 8-Oxychinolinderivate

Summary Based on polarographic viz. spectrophotometric determinations of the stabilities of several Cu⁺⁺- and Co⁺⁺⁺ hydroxyquinolin complexes it has been shown that a correlation exists between the quotient of complex-stabilitiesK _Co ⁺⁺⁺ /K _Cu ⁺⁺ and antitubercular activity (cf. table and graph). This supports the hypothesis that the 8-hydroxyquinolin derivatives and analogues act by competitive antagonism; the Cu⁺⁺-hydroxy-quinolates are able to replace Co in a prosthetic group of Mycobacterium-enzyme with Cu.

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Vorgetragen an der Organisch-Chemischen Konferenz des Vereines ungarischer Chemiker, 27. September 1953.

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III. Mitteilung: Acta chim. Hungarica (im Druck).     

Fermenthistochemische Untersuchungen am Übergangsepithel verschiedener Säugetiere

Summary Histochemical investigations on enzyme activities in the transitional epithelium showed positive reactions with succinic dehydrogenase, esterase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and amylophosphorylase (incl. branching factor). Negative results were drawn from cholinesterase, 5-nucleotidase, glucose-6-phosphatase, and carbonic anhydrase.

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Mit dankenswerter Unterstützung durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Chemotaxine und Kapillarpermeabilität

Summary Bacterial polysaccharides, which exhibit an intense specific stimulating effect on the migration of leucocytes, provoke no trypan blue reaction on the intracutaneous vesicle. Certain mucoproteins show both effects, others only provoke the formation of vesicles. Both reactions are thus separable components of the phenomenon of inflammation.     

Kälteeinfluss und Peptidase-Aktivität von Bakterien

Summary The effect of freezing on the peptidase activities of some bacteria and their cell-free enzyme preparations has been studied. Significant differences were found in the activity of peptidase and in their temperature coefficient.     

Zur Wasserpermeabilität des Protoplasmas

Summary The permeability of cells to dissolved molecules is given by the permeation constant ofCollander (cm·h^–1), whilst the permeability to water is measured by a filter constant (cm·Atm.^–1·h^–1). Therefore these constants are not comparable, and it is impossible to calculate quantitative data on the semipermeability of a cell.In this paper the permeation process is considered as a counterdiffusion of dissolved molecules into the cell and water out of the cell. From the two resulting diffusion equations formulae and a graphic method are derived, which permit to calculate the permeation constant of water, when the permeation constant of a given substance entering the cell is known. These constants are comparable and their ratio is a conclusive measure of the semipermeability.     

Zur Metallspezifität der Hexokinase

Summary The activity of hexokinase has been determined in the presence of different metal ions. Besides Mg²⁺, the ions Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Mn²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Cd²⁺ show remarkable activation. The differences are explained by superposition of an activating and an inhibiting function. The specifity problem is discussed.     

Über die Rolle der Stabilitätsbetrachtungen in der Entwicklung der Bohrschen Atomtheorie

Ohne Zusammenfassung Vorgelegt von L. Rosenfeld     

Versuche zur Spezifität des Feinderkennens durch Trauerschnäpper

Summary Pied flycatchers (Ficedula h. hypoleuca) possess at least two releasing mechanisms for triggering the mobbing response to predators near the nest, namely for shrikes and for owls. This is demonstrated by the fact that body size, which was varied in dummy experiments, enters into these mechanisms differentially.

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Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Stereospezifität der Wirkung von Emetin

Summary (-)-Emetine, as prepared by total synthesis, has the same antiamebic activity and toxicity as the natural alkaloid. On the contrary its antipode and rac. isoemetine are not active and practically non-toxic. A relationship between configuration and antiamebic activity has thus been demonstrated for various representatives of the emetine series.     

Die Infektiosität des Ribonukleinsäureanteils von Maul- und Klauenseuche-Virus

Summary Using the phenol method described byGierer andSchramm, preparations of infective ribonucleic acid were prepared from tongue tissues of cattle infected with the virus of foot-and-mouth disease.     

Untersuchungen zur intrazellulären Lokalisation der Renin- und Hypertensinase-Aktivität

Summary Experiments on kidney homogenates from rat and pig showed that 50% of the renin-activity was localized in the mitochondrial fraction. The mitochondria and microsomes together contained 10 times as much hypertensinase-activity as the supernatant fraction.     

Zur Bestimmung der Wasserpermeabilität des Protoplasmas

Summary Two possible objections against the diffusion theory of water permeability in protoplasm¹ are discussed. One is refuted, while the other is valid. But it causes no change of the formula which has been derived for the calculation of water permeation constants strictly comparable to the constants of permeating osmotica.     

Ein Auswertegerät für Elektrophoresediagramme

Summary There is described an apparatus to produce optically a set of error curves of variable height and breadth. Electrophoresis-diagrams obtained with the arrangements ofLongsworth andPhilpot-Svensson may be evaluated by comparison of the measured curve with the corresponding curve of the set.     

Die innerartliche Variabilität der Beutewahl beuteerfahrungsloserAnolis

Summary Newborn lizard (Anolis lineatopus) individuals differ clearly by their acceptance of 5 different prey items; there are 7 etho-types of differential acceptance which after 5 weeks of feeding have become reduced to only 3.     

Über die Basizität der Knochenmineralien

Summary The inorganic salts of bone tissue are, owing mainly to their contents of tertiary phosphate, strongly basic. A quantitative evaluation of these base equivalents can be performed through simple titration with acid after solution of the bone salts in a chelating agent (e.g. citrate). Referring to an endpoint of pH 7.40, one finds that per mMol Calcium 0.82 mEq base is set free. With regard to acid-base metabolism, the results indicate that bone phosphate, whichin vivo can be mobilised through osteoclastic resorption, forms a remarkably big base reserve in the animal organism.

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Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde mit der Unterstützung des Schweiz. Nationalfonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung durchgeführt.