Synthese von 22,26-Imino-cholestan-Derivaten

Summary 3, 16-diacetoxy-5-pregnane-20-one and the analogue pregn-5-ene derivative have been converted into (22R, 25R)-22, 26-imino-5-cholestane-3, 16-diol. The configuration at C-22 and C-25 was determined by transformation into the known (22R, 25R)-5-solanidane-3-one. Application of the Ruschig method led to (25R)-22,26-imino-5-cholest-22(N)-ene-3, 16-diol.

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Solanum-Alkaloide. XVI. Mitteilung. — XV. Mitteilung:K. Schreiber undH. Ripperger, Tetrahedron Letters Nr.27, 9 (1960).     

Synthese von Solanidin aus Demissidin

Summary The steroidal alkaloid solanidine (solanid-5-ene-3-ol, II) which occurs in the potato plantSolanum tuberosum L. has been synthesized from demissidine (5-solanidane-3-ol, I), an alkaloid from the Mexican wild potatoSolanum demissum Lindl. The synthesis involves the following steps: 5-solanidane-3-one, 2,4-dibromo-5-solanidane-3-one, solanid-4-ene-3-one, 3-acetoxy-solanida-3,5-diene, and solanidine (II).

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Solanum-Alkaloide. XVII. Mitteilung. — XVI. Mitteilung:K. Schreiber undG. Adam, Exper.17, 490 (1961).     

Mikrobielle Umwandlung von Thebain

Summary Thebaine was transformed into 2 products by fermentation with a strain ofTrametes cinnabarina. The 2 compounds were isolated and identified as 14--hydroxycodeinone and 14--hydroxycodeinone-N-oxid.     

Ein neues Verfahren zur Herstellung von 19-Norsteroiden

Summary The new methods for the production of 19-norsteroids described involve the conversion of 5-halogen-6-hydroxy-steroids into the corresponding 5-halogen-6:19-ethers either with lead tetraacetate or by the hypoiodite reaction^8,10. The 6:19-oxygen bridge is then opened reductively either directly or after oxidation of the 6:19-ethers to lactones or preferably after introduction of a ^4,6-3-oxo grouping. Acylolytic cleavage of the ⁴-3-oxo-6:19-ethers followed by alkaline hydrolysis gives ^4,6-3-oxo-19-hydroxy-steroids. The 19-hydroxycompounds formed are easily converted into 19-norsteroids by known methods.

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Über Steroide, 189. (vorläufige) Mitteilung; 188. Mitt. vgl.J. Kalvoda, J. Schmidlin, G. Anner undA. Wettstein, Exper.18, 398 (1962).     

Photolyse von N-Nitroso-22,26-iminocholestanen: Eine neue Synthese von Spirosolan-Alkaloiden

Summary Photolysis of N-nitroso-22,26-imino-5-cholestane-3,16-diols in acidic solution leads to the corresponding spirosolane alkaloids soladulcidine, solasodine and tomatidine, respectively.

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Photochemische Reaktionen, 5. Mitteilung. — 3. und 4. Mitteilung vgl.². Die vorliegende Arbeit ist zugleich 62. Mitteilung der ReiheSolanum-Alkaloide.     

Die Wirkung von Progesteron und Progesteronmetaboliten auf das Wachstum von embryonalem Knorpel in vitro

Summary Embryonic chick bones were cultured in vitro in the presence of progesterone and of a series of progesterone metabolites. It was found that only 5-pregnane-3,20-dione, 3-hydroxy-5-pregnane-20-one, and ⁴-pregnene-20-ol-3-one influence the growth of bones in vitro in a manner similar to progesterone. All other investigated progesterone metabolites exert either a different or no demonstrable action on bone growth.     

Zweidimensionale Dünnschichtchromatographie von Zuckern

Summary Complex sugar mixtures can be separated and identified by twodimensional thin-layer chromatography using borate-impregnated silica gel G/kieselguhr G as carrier material. The separation of the solvent mixtureiso-butanol/glacial acetic acid/water (541) during chromatography in the first dimension and the subsequent intermediate drying cause a polyzonal (graduated in zones) activation of the sorption layer. In this way, the critical sugar mixtures in one-dimensional thin-layer chromatography can be separated in the second dimension using the solvent system propanol/water (8.51.5) orn-propanol/dimethyl sulphoxide/water (8.60.50.9).     

Histaminantagonistische Wirkungen von Adrenochrom-Monosemicarbazon

Summary In experiments on the skin of the guinea pig, the monosemicarbazone of adrenochrome is shown to prevent increase of vascular permeability due to intradermal injection of histamine or endogenous histamine liberating substance 48/80. By simultaneous intradermal injection with histamine or 48/80, it is equally effective as specific antihistamines in suppressing the skin reaction to 48/80, whereas the antihistamines are considerably stronger antagonists to exogenous histamine. Administered intraperitoneally, adrenochrome monosemicarbazone shows about the same order of antagonistic efficacy as the typical antihistamines. The findings are briefly discussed.

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« Adrenoxyl » ORION Helsinki, unter Lizenz LABAZ Brüssel.     

Synthese und Eigenschaften von Bromocriptin

Summary The bromination of -ergokryptine, a genuine ergot alkaloid of the peptide type, in position 2 of the indol nucleus to 2-bromo--ergokryptine is described. Its transformation to the methanesulfonate led to the prolactin inhibitor bromocriptine-methanesulfonate, Parlodel^®.

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85. Mitteilung über Mutterkornalkaloide.

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Anfragen bitte an diesen Autor richten.     

Synthese von 18-Methyl-Corticosteroiden

Summary The synthesis of a representative (9-fluoro-18-methyl-prednisolone) of the new class of 18-methylcorticosteroids is described.

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Über Steroide 227. Mitteilung; 226. Mitt. vgl.     

Mikrobiologische Oxydation von Steroiden durch Cephalosporia

Summary It was found that members of the Cephalosporium species transform steroids under the known conditions of microbiological oxydation. Cephalosporium subverticillatum is able to produce ⁴-testoloactone from progesterone, but, in case of a longer fermentation period, ⁴-androsten-3, 17-dione can be isolated from the broth.     

Die Wirkung von Eiweissfraktionen normaler menschlicher Sera auf die Thrombocytenzahl der Maus

Summary We investigated the thrombocytosis-producing activity of different protein-fractions of human sera in mice. The whole sera, the albumin,- and-globulins were ineffective, whereas the-globulins caused a more or less exact thrombocytosis in mice. The effectiveness of the thrombopoetic activity present in normal human sera is probably inhibited by a factor connected with another protein-fraction.     

Die vasomotorische Wirkung von Heparin bei Normalen und bei an Raynaudscher Krankheit leidenden Patienten

Summary In 3 female patients withRaynaud's disease affecting the upper extremities, the skin temperature and plethysmographic measurements of the fingers were taken before and after thei.v. injection of 250 mg heparin (Liquemin Roche). The vasomotor effect thus observed was expressed by increase in skin temperature, pulse frequency and arterial supply, and also by decrease in duration and severity of experimentally induced ischemic attacks. After prolonged treatment with 250 mg heparini.v. daily, the skin temperature increased and the attacks decreased in frequency, duration and severity.These favorable results in functional arterial disorders are attributed to the established vasodilating action of heparin.     

Verteilungskoeffizient und bakterizide Wirkung von Phenolen und aromatischen Alkoholen

Summary The rôle of the partition coefficient for the bactericidal efficiency of phenols and aromatic alcohols is stressed. It is postulated that these compounds in any concentration should have identical bactericidal effects if they attain the same molar concentration in a lipoid phase after distribution. It is proposed to use this postulate for a new approach to test phenolic and alcoholic disinfectants. p-chloro--phenetyl alcohol reveals a high bactericidal effect due to a favourable distribution coefficient combined with a water solubility of nearly 0.5%.     

Die Hemmung von Enzymen der Inneren Mitochondrienmembran durch Benzbromaron

Summary The uricosuric drug benzbromarone inhibits a number of membrane-bound mitochondrial enzymes. A strong inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase, -glycerophosphate dehydrogenase and pyridinnucleotide transhydrogenase was found (approximately 28, 48, 45 M benzbromarone for 50% inhibition respectively). Some possible consequences of these results for the lipid metabolism in patients during benzbromarone are discussed.     

Synthesis von (±)-B-Homoöstron

Summary (±)-B-Homoestrone and its derivatives, a hitherto unknown class of compounds, were synthetized from 3-methoxybenzosuberone as the starting material. Introduction of the asymmetric centers could be achieved with a high degree of stereoselectivity; the correct, estrone-like relative configuration of these centers was demonstrated by X-ray crystallographical analysis, carried out on a single crystal of (±)17-acetoxy-3-methoxy-B-homoestra-1, 3, 5(10)-triene.     

Untersuchungen über die β-adrenolytische Wirkung sowie den Einfluss auf Refraktärzeit und Kontraktilität von INPEA und MJ1999 am Meerschweinchenvorhof

Summary In isolated guinea-pig atria, the-adrenolytic isomerd(–)INPEA provoked a stronger prolongation of the refractory period (rp) than did the inactivel(+) isomer. The-adrenolytic drug MJ 1999 prolonged likewise the rp, although it caused no unspecific effect, i.e. an inhibition of contractile force. These observations lead to the conclusion that not only the unspecific local anaesthetic but also the specific-adrenolytic effect is of importance for the prolongation of rp.     

Der durch circadiane Frequenzänderung entstehende Fehler bei der Bestimmung von Phasenverschiebungen

Summary Phase shifts () are commonly measured without considering the cue's phase position ( _s ). The normally adopted methods for measuring phase shifts give errorless results only when there is no change in period length (). Very often, however, both phase shifts and changes in period length occur together. The magnitude of the error is then a function of the magnitude of and the distance between the points of measurement and the cue's phase position. (The basic hypothesis is that is effected immediately after the cue.) Methods for calculating and eliminating the error are given.     

Experimentelle Reversion von Tumorzellen in vivo

Summary European eels with fast growing epidermal papillomas (cauliflower disease) were treated with quinine-sulphate. At concentrations of 15 to 60 mg/l and after 8 weeks of treatment, there occurred newly formed mucous cells and club cells in the tumor tissue. Tight contact between all cells was reestablished. The nucleus-plasma-relation had evidently decreased. Electron microscopical studies showed a restauration of degenerated cell organelles, especially of the outer membrane. Growth rate of the tumors was reduced, and at a concentration of 60 mg/l the tumor tissue ceased growing from the beginning of treatment.     

Über die Speicherung von Lipiden durch Knallgasbakterien

Summary The ability to accumulate lipids was investigated in two strains of hydrogen oxidizing bacteria (Hydrogenomonas H 16 and strain 11/x). Along with the deposition of poly--hydroxybutyrate the amount of other lipids is shown to increase 1.8 times in strain H 16. It is suggested that the increase of the latter lipids is due to the formation of membrane lipids that are needed for the formation of membranes around the intracellular globules of poly--hydroxybutyrate. In strain 11/x the amount of lipids increases 7 times along with the storage of carbohydrates. In this case, the majority of lipids consists of triglycerides. It is suggested that there is a true storage of neutral fat in strain 11/x.