复杂信息界面视觉搜索效能量化评估方法与模型

未来战争具有高复杂性,来自战场复杂信息界面的大量视觉信息输入对决策人员带来巨大挑战。立足人类视觉信息感知特点和视觉显著性机制相关理论,提出以色调、饱和度、明度、图像梯度等关键视觉信息感知特征为自变量的评估方法,采用复杂影像地图下的目标识别任务,建立以视觉搜索响应时为指标的视觉搜索效能量化评估模型。实验结果表明,基于3种地貌（城市、海洋、高原）下不同对比度和亮度的441张影像地图实验数据生成的量化模型,可以良好地拟合被试的行为响应时（R2= 0.232,p<0.001）。     

Reaching for high-hanging fruit in drug discovery at protein-protein interfaces

Targeting the interfaces between proteins has huge therapeutic potential, but discovering small-molecule drugs that disrupt protein-protein interactions is an enormous challenge. Several recent success stories, however, indicate that protein-protein interfaces might be more tractable than has been thought. These studies discovered small molecules that bind with drug-like potencies to 'hotspots' on the contact surfaces involved in protein-protein interactions. Remarkably, these small molecules bind deeper within the contact surface of the target protein, and bind with much higher efficiencies, than do the contact atoms of the natural protein partner. Some of these small molecules are now making their way through clinical trials, so this high-hanging fruit might not be far out of reach.     

Analysis of correlations between protein complex and protein-protein interaction and mRNA expression

Protein-protein interaction is a physical interaction of two proteins in living cells. In budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, large-seale protein-protein interaction data have been obtained through high-throughput yeast two-hybrid systems (Y2H) and protein complex purification techniques based on mass-spectrometry. Here, we collect 11855 interactions between total 2617 proteins. Through seriate genome-wide mRNA expression data, similarity between two genes could be measured. Protein complex data can also be obtained publicly and can be translated to pair relationship that any two proteins can only exist in the same complex or not. Analysis of protein complex data, protein-protein interaction data and mRNA expression data can elucidate correlations between them. The results show that proteins that have interactions or similar expression patterns have a higher possibility to be in the same protein complex than randomized selected proteins, and proteins which have interactions and similar expression patterns are even more possible to exist in the same protein complex. The work indirates that comprehensive integration and analysis of public large-seale bioinformatical data, such as protein complex data, protein-protein interaction data and mRNA expression data, may help to uncover their relationships and common biological information underlying these data. The strategies described here may help to integrate and analyze other functional genomic and proteomic data, such as gene expression profiling, protein-localization mapping and large-scale phenotypic data, both in yeast and in other organisms.     

地下矿复合场的一体化构模及三维可视化

从矿山工程数字化及可视化的角度,将地下矿山看作是一包含多种几何量、属性量、参数量和状态量的动态量场,称之为地下矿复合场.通过分析各类空间场量的几何特性、分布特性、矢量特性和时空顺序特性,给出了各类空间场量及其相互关系的表征方法,进而提出了基于体素的一体化数字模型.经空间场量体素化、定量化、场量化及一体化处理,形成了地下矿复合场的一体化模型构建技术.以国内某典型矿山的实际数据为例,实现了地表地形、断层和井巷工程等几何特性、矿石品位的空间分布特性、井下通风系统的矢量特性的三维可视化仿真及火灾蔓延的动态仿真,进而验证了地下矿复合场一体化模型的可行性与有效性.     

连续管全寿命安全评定与管理策略研究

连续管是"万能作业机"的"神经线",连续管的安全运行关乎整个施工过程,连续管服役寿命是安全运行的重要指标之一.目前对连续管作业时全寿命安全评定研究较少,探索性地利用生存分析方法研究了连续管6个影响因素,20组分变量,采用Kaplan-Meier分析方法对连续管疲劳寿命的单因素生存时间进行描述,并结合连续管服役有效时间采...     

Probabilistic SDG model description and fault inference for large-scale complex systems

Large-scale complex systems have the feature of including large amount of variables that have complex relationships, for which signed directed graph （SDG） model could serve as a significant tool by describing the causal relationships among variables. Although qualitative SDG expresses the causing effects between variables easily and clearly, it has many disadvantages or limitations. Probabilistic SDG proposed in the article describes deliver relationships among faults and variables by conditional probabilities, which contains more information and performs more applicability. The article introduces the concepts and con- struction approaches of probabilistic SDG, and presents the inference approaches aiming at fault diagnosis in this framework, i.e. Bayesian inference with graph elimination or junction tree algorithms to compute fault probabilities. Finally, the probabilistic SDG of a typical example of 65t/h boiler system is given.     

A rotated staggered grid fi-nite-difference with the ab-sorbing boundary condition of a perfectly matched layer

The numerical modeling of the elastic waves in real- istic media is of importance in geophysical exploration and ultrasonic detection. Synthetic elastic wave data can help with the interpretation of field data, under- standing the mechanisms of seismic wa…     

A systems biology analysis of the Drosophila phagosome

Phagocytes have a critical function in remodelling tissues during embryogenesis and thereafter are central effectors of immune defence. During phagocytosis, particles are internalized into 'phagosomes', organelles from which immune processes such as microbial destruction and antigen presentation are initiated. Certain pathogens have evolved mechanisms to evade the immune system and persist undetected within phagocytes, and it is therefore evident that a detailed knowledge of this process is essential to an understanding of many aspects of innate and adaptive immunity. However, despite the crucial role of phagosomes in immunity, their components and organization are not fully defined. Here we present a systems biology analysis of phagosomes isolated from cells derived from the genetically tractable model organism Drosophila melanogaster and address the complex dynamic interactions between proteins within this organelle and their involvement in particle engulfment. Proteomic analysis identified 617 proteins potentially associated with Drosophila phagosomes; these were organized by protein-protein interactions to generate the 'phagosome interactome', a detailed protein-protein interaction network of this subcellular compartment. These networks predicted both the architecture of the phagosome and putative biomodules. The contribution of each protein and complex to bacterial internalization was tested by RNA-mediated interference and identified known components of the phagocytic machinery. In addition, the prediction and validation of regulators of phagocytosis such as the 'exocyst', a macromolecular complex required for exocytosis but not previously implicated in phagocytosis, validates this strategy. In generating this 'systems-based model', we show the power of applying this approach to the study of complex cellular processes and organelles and expect that this detailed model of the phagosome will provide a new framework for studying host-pathogen interactions and innate immunity.     

基于高斯过程回归的建筑物震陷量预测模型

城市抗震防灾系统是一个复杂开放巨系统,系统中由于灾情的动态演化导致的建筑物震陷量形成机理也日趋复杂。本文根据高斯过程理论和贝叶斯规则,对训练样本进行的“归纳推理学习”,即综合先验信息,调整各随机变量的后验分布,进而提出基于高斯回归过程的建筑物震陷量非线性预测模型。采用EP算法获得预测样本潜在函数的近似后验高斯分布,并对其超参数和协方差函数的选择进行了探讨,利用LSSVM模型、PLS模型和MLR模型等统计模型对建筑物实测震陷样本进行预测训练,通过模型的交叉验证分析及建模参数详细对比分析,验证了预测模型的科学性和可靠性,可为城市抗震防灾决策提供借鉴。     

Prediction of Protein-Protein Interactions by a Novel Model Based on Domain Information

Domain-based protein-protein interactions( PPIs) is a problem that has drawn the attentions of many researchers in recent years and it has been studied using lots of computational approaches from many different perspectives. Existing domain-based methods to predict PPIs typically infer domain interactions from known interacting sets of proteins. However,these methods are costly and complex to implement. In this paper, a simple and effective prediction model is proposed. In this model,an improved multiinstance learning( MIL) algorithm( MilCaA) is designed that doesn't need to take the domain interactions into consideration to construct MIL bags. Then, the pseudo-amino acid composition( PseAAC) transformation method is used to encode the instances in a multi-instance bag and the principal components analysis( PCA) is also used to reduce the feature dimension. Finally, several traditional machine learning and MIL methods are used to verify the proposed model. Experimental results demonstrate that MilCaA performs better than state-of-the-art techniques including the traditional machine learning methods which are widely used in PPIs prediction.     

复合绝缘材料微观界面处离子电荷的积累与体积电导率

采用单元模型分析了无机填料填充的聚合物基复合绝缘材料中微观界面处的离子电荷积累过程，对填充的乙丙橡胶试样进行的热刺激电流实验结果验证了这一分析，用作者得到的界面电荷积累动力学方程可以解释从串、并联电路角度所无法说明的复合体系电导率随填料浓度变化的重要规律     

双变量串级PID板球控制系统的设计与实现

传统单级比例积分微分(proportional-integral-derivative control,PID)控制只适用于单一变量的简单线性对象,不适用于板球系统这种复杂的多变量、非线性系统.基于对板球系统物理模型研究,提出一种基于串级PID的板球控制系统,小球的位置和速度同时作为反馈量,实现对两个变量的同时控制,并设计了板球系统硬件结构,进行了实际验证.测试表明,所提出的板球控制系统调节时间短、超调量小、误差小,且有一定的抗干扰能力.     

Visualization of transient encounter complexes in protein-protein association

Kinetic data on a number of protein-protein associations have provided evidence for the initial formation of a pre-equilibrium encounter complex that subsequently relaxes to the final stereospecific complex. Site-directed mutagenesis and brownian dynamics simulations have suggested that the rate of association can be modulated by perturbations in charge distribution outside the direct interaction surfaces. Furthermore, rate enhancement through non-specific binding may occur by either a reduction in dimensionality or the presence of a short-range, non-specific attractive potential. Here, using paramagnetic relaxation enhancement, we directly demonstrate the existence and visualize the distribution of an ensemble of transient, non-specific encounter complexes under equilibrium conditions for a relatively weak protein-protein complex between the amino-terminal domain of enzyme I and the phosphocarrier protein HPr. Neither the stereospecific complex alone nor any single alternative conformation can account fully for the intermolecular paramagnetic relaxation enhancement data. Restrained rigid-body simulated annealing refinement against the paramagnetic relaxation enhancement data enables us to obtain an atomic probability distribution map of the non-specific encounter complex ensemble that qualitatively correlates with the electrostatic surface potentials on the interacting proteins. Qualitatively similar results are presented for two other protein-protein complexes.     

面向对象的地理元胞自动机

提出了一种面向对象的地理元胞自动机(GeoCA)。在与G IS结合的基础上,利用面向对象技术分析来设计GeoCA模拟系统,由VB AO建立一个具有良好扩展性、用户可定制和友好界面的实验平台。通过采用MCE(多准则判断)来获取GeoCA模型的转换规则。以珠江三角洲的东莞作为研究区域,在GeoCA模拟的结果上,讨论了该地区的土地利用的变化趋势及所面临的问题。     

Distinguishing random environmental fluctuations from ecological catastrophes for the North Pacific Ocean

The prospect of rapid dynamic changes in the environment is a pressing concern that has profound management and public policy implications. Worries over sudden climate change and irreversible changes in ecosystems are rooted in the potential that nonlinear systems have for complex and 'pathological' behaviours. Nonlinear behaviours have been shown in model systems and in some natural systems, but their occurrence in large-scale marine environments remains controversial. Here we show that time series observations of key physical variables for the North Pacific Ocean that seem to show these behaviours are not deterministically nonlinear, and are best described as linear stochastic. In contrast, we find that time series for biological variables having similar properties exhibit a low-dimensional nonlinear signature. To our knowledge, this is the first direct test for nonlinearity in large-scale physical and biological data for the marine environment. These results address a continuing debate over the origin of rapid shifts in certain key marine observations as coming from essentially stochastic processes or from dominant nonlinear mechanisms. Our measurements suggest that large-scale marine ecosystems are dynamically nonlinear, and as such have the capacity for dramatic change in response to stochastic fluctuations in basin-scale physical states.     

Information Model for Connection Management in Automatic Switched Optical Network

The three types of connections (Permanent Connection, Soft Permanent Connection and Switched Connection) provided by ASON can adapt the requirement of different network services. Management and maintenance of these three connections are the most important aspect of ASON management. The information models proposed in this paper are used for the purpose of ASON connection management. Firstly a new information model is proposed to meet the requirement for the control plane introduced by ASON. In this model, a new class ControlNE is given, and the relationship between the ControlNE and the transport NE (network element) is also defined. Then this paper proposes information models for the three types of connections for the first time, and analyzes the relationship between the three kinds of connections and the basic network transport entities. Finally, the paper defines some CORBA interfaces for the management of the three connections. In these interfaces, some operations such as create or release a connection are defined, and some other operations can manage the performance of the three kinds of connections, which is necessary for a distributed management system.     

基于电子鼻技术的黄山毛峰茶品质检测方法

为了更加客观地评价黄山毛峰茶的品质,提出了一种利用电子鼻技术对黄山毛峰茶品质检测的方法。选择4种不同品质等级的茶叶,首先根据传感器响应选择特征变量,然后以这些特征变量作为BP神经网络的输入,建立茶叶品质等级的3层网络预测模型。实验结果表明,本文建立的模型对于训练样本识别准确率为100%,对测试样本识别准确率为89.3%,表明应用电子鼻技术检测黄山毛峰茶品质具有可行性。     

复杂情境下的核电系统可靠性

为提高复杂情境下的核电系统可靠性,保证核电系统安全运行,采用证据网络(evidence network,EN)对核电不确定信息问题进行分析、建模、推理和评估,有效地处理和表达专家语言变量,同时解决非布尔逻辑关系和多状态变量的问题,建立核电系统可靠性模型.提出一种将语言数据转换成基本信度指派函数的方法,对于在故障树映射到证据网络中存在的非布尔逻辑关系,建立一种新的条件信度表,解决复杂情境下的核电系统可靠性问题.研究结果表明,实验结果符合预期,建立的可靠性模型对研究核电系统可靠性有一定的借鉴作用.     

基于穿戴视觉的人手跟踪与手势识别方法

为了解决人与穿戴计算机的自然交互问题,提出了一种基于穿戴视觉的人手跟踪与手势识别方法.该方法以Icondensation算法为基础,综合利用穿戴视觉系统输出的深度和灰度信息进行人手跟踪,并引入了手势变换模型.该模型可以在几种预先定义的手势之间进行动态变换.实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地实现动态和复杂背景下的人手跟踪与手势识别,为穿戴计算机系统提供自然友好的手势交互途径.     

一族拉格朗日等参薄板单元

提出用拉格朗日等参单元来模拟薄板弯曲,用拉格朗日乘子修正薄板势能泛函来强加板法线转角在单元交界处的连续性,这种拉格朗日等参薄板单元继承了平面弹性问题中拉格朗日等参单元的全部优点。它的求解过程简单,算法稳定,解答精度高,易于编制计算机程序。拉格朗日等参单元能很好地吻合曲线边界,加之节点未知量中没有广义位移（即转角）,特别适合推广应用于逐步更新节点坐标的空间板、壳结构非线性问题分析。