Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of 7-benzylamino-4,5-dihydro-［1,2,4］triazolo［4,3-a］quinolines

A series of 7-substituted-benzylamino-4,5-dihydro-［1,2,4］triazolo［4,3-a］quinoline derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant activity. The subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole test (sc-PTZ) demonstrated that the most effective compound in controlling the sc-PTZ induced seizure was 7-(3-bromine-benzylamino)-4,5-dihydro-［1,2,4］triazolo［4,3-a］quinoline (4j) with an ED₅₀ of 5.0 mg/kg and the PI of 20.7, which was also safer than the reference drugs. And the maximal electroshock test (MES) demonstrated that among these derivatives, 7-(3-fluorobenzylamino) -4,5-dihydro-［1,2,4］trizolo［4,3-a］quinoline (4i), with an ED₅₀ of 15.3 mg/kg and the PI of 7.2, was the safest in MES test. Furthermore, their neurotoxicities were measured by the rotarod neurotoxicity test, and the results showed that all derivatives possessed lower neurotoxicity.     

7-取代苄氨基-4,5-二氢-[1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-a]喹啉类衍生物的合成及抗惊厥作用研究

合成7-取代苄氨基-4,5-二氢-[1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-a]喹啉类衍生物,并进行了抗惊厥作用研究.抗戊四唑(PTZ)实验结果显示,7-(3-溴苄氨基)-4,5-二氢-[1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-a]喹啉(4j)的作用最强,其ED50为5.0mg/kg,保护指数PI为20.7,作用明显强于对照药物,安全性也明显优于对照药物;而抗电惊厥实验结果表明,7-(3-氟苄氨基)-4,5-二氢-[1,2,4]三唑并[4,3-a]喹啉(4i)的作用最强,其ED50为15.3mg/kg,保护指数PI为7.2.同时用旋转棒法测定了化合物的神经毒性,其结果显示目标化合物的神经毒性均较低.     

7取代苄氨基4,5二氢［1,2,4］三唑并［4,3a］ 喹啉类衍生物的合成及抗惊厥作用研究

合成7-取代苄氨基-4,5-二氢-［1,2,4］三唑并［4,3-a］喹啉类衍生物，并进行了抗惊厥作用研究.抗戊四唑(PTZ)实验结果显示，7-（3-溴苄氨基）-4,5-二氢-［1,2,4］三唑并［4,3-a］喹啉(4j)的作用最强，其ED₅₀为5.0mg/kg，保护指数PI为 20.7，作用明显强于对照药物，安全性也明显优于对照药物;而抗电惊厥实验结果表明，7-（3-氟苄氨基）-4,5-二氢-［1,2,4］三唑并［4,3-a］喹啉(4i) 的作用最强，其ED₅₀为15.3mg/kg，保护指数PI为 7.2. 同时用旋转棒法测定了化合物的神经毒性，其结果显示目标化合物的神经毒性均较低.     

Synthesis of Calix[4] arene Thia Derivative and Extraction Effect of Substituents on Mercury( Ⅱ) and Lead( Ⅱ)

Calix[4]arene derivatives have been reported to possess high selectivity for metal ions.In order to analyze the extraction effect of substituents on Hg~(2+)and Pb~(2+),calix[4]arene derivatives containing hydroxyl,bromoethoxy and 1,11-dioxa-4,8-dithiahendecene were successfully synthesized,with their extraction effectiveness towards Hg~(2+)and Pb~(2+)were evaluated respectively.The results indicated that the phenolic hydroxyl in calix[4]arene improved the extraction ability on Hg~(2+)by promoting the formation of the negative oxygen ions that could bind with Hg~(2+)by coordination and ionic bonds.The extraction ability of 5,17-dinitro-26,28-(1’,11’-dioxa-4’,8’-dithiahendecene)-calix[4]arene(calix[4]arene thia derivative)was improved slightly due to the better coordination capacity for metal ions after introduction of 1,11-dioxa-4,8-dithiahendecene,which was a chelate-binding centre.Regarding to Pb~(2+),only 1,11-dioxa-4,8-dithiahendecene on molecule contributed to extraction due to the coordination bond.Since the metal ion with higher charge-to-radius ratio could coordinate with one ligand more stably,Pb~(2+)with higher charge-to-radius ratio than Hg~(2+)was coordinated and extracted by the calix[4]arene thia derivative more easily.Furthermore,extraction rates of the calix[4]arene thia derivative on both ions(Hg~(2+)and Pb~(2+))increased with the increase of pH value in acidic aqueous system(pH7).     

Syntheses of New Functionalized Monomers for π-Conjugated Polymers

1 Results Tailored monomers based on the activated esters of 2,5-dibromobenzoic (sulfonic) acid derivatives, the 3-substituted 2,5-dibromothiophenes, the 9-substituted 2,7-dibromocarbazoles, and on the brominated 1,10-phenanthrolines suitable for Suzuki, Yamamoto or Grignard metathesis (GRIM) coupling reactions were synthesized and characterized by melting point, elemental analysis, 1H NMR, FTIR and TLC. The Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction mechanism was utilized for the preparation of the 3-[2-(pyren-1-yl)vinyl]- or 3-[2-(quinolin-1-yl)vinyl]-2,5-dibromothiophenes. 4-Nitrophenol or N-hydroxysuccinimide were used for the preparation of activated esters. The Cadogan ring closure was utilized for the synthesis of 2,7-dibromocarbazole derivatives. A monomer with β-diketone structure was prepared and characterized as well. 1,10-Phenanthroline (phen) is a typical β-deficient aromatic compound and experience (and literature) advises that simple bromination is poor and nonselective. Of course, bromo derivatives can be obtained by the Skraup synthesis, but the low-yield and multi-step procedure is tedious. There are two main reasonable procedures available at present for the synthesis of 3,8-dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline. The methods utilize either phen monohydrochloride monohydrate for bromination or phen with addition of pyridine and sulfur chloride S2Cl2. We have found in our laboratory that the replacement of sulfur chloride by sulfur dichloride SCl2 and the use of phen monohydrate gives the possibility to prepare 3-bromo-, 3,8-dibromo-, 3,5,8-tribromo- and 3,5,6,8-tetrabromo-1,10-phenanthrolines in reasonable yields, and these derivatives can be separated by crystallization or by column chromatography.     

Effect of TiO_2 nanoparticles on hydrogen evolution reaction activity of Ni coatings

The electrocatalytic activity of electrodeposited Ni and Ni–TiO_2 coatings with regard to the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) was investigated. The Ni coatings were electrodeposited from an acid chloride bath at different current densities, and their HER activities were examined in a 1.0-mol·L~(-1) KOH medium. The variations in the HER activity of the Ni coatings with changes in surface morphology and composition were examined via the electrochemical dissolution and incorporation of nanoparticles. Electrochemical analysis methods were used to monitor the HER activity of the test electrodes; this activity was confirmed via the quantification of gases that evolved during the analysis. The obtained results demonstrated that the Ni–TiO_2 nanocomposite test electrode exhibited maximum activity toward the alkaline HER. The surface appearance, composition, and the phase structure of all developed coatings were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), and X-ray diffraction(XRD), respectively. The improvement in the electrocatalytic activity of Ni–TiO_2 nanocomposite coating toward HER was attributed to the variation in surface morphology and increased number of active sites.     

Involvement of nitric oxide in the signal transduction of salicylic acid regulating stomatal movement

The effects and the relationship between sali-cylic acid(SA)and nitric oxide(NO) on Vicia faba L.stomatal movement were studied.The results here showed that exogenous SA and NO induced stomatal closure,100μmol/L SA induced a rapid and striking NO increase in the cytosol of guard cells.This phenomenon was largely prevented by 2000μmol/L 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-l-oxyl-3-oxide(PTIO),a specific NO scavenger,and 25μmol/L N^G-nitro-L-Arg-methyl eater (L-NAME),an inhibitor of NO synthase(NOS) in mammalian cells that also inhibits plant NOS.In addition,SA-induced stomatal closure was largely prevented by PTIO and L-NAME.These results provide evidence that guard cells generate NO in response to SA via NOS-like activity,and that such NO production is required for full stomatal closure in response to SA.H-(1,2,4)-oxadiazole-[4,3-α]quinoxalin-l-one(ODQ),an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase,and nicotinamide,an antagonist of cADPR production,inhibited the effects of SA-and NO-induced stomatal closure.It suggests that both cGMP and cADPR might mediate the signal transduction of SA and NO-induced stomatal closure.     

Separation of Purine and Its Derivatives by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

The separation of a group of 17 purine and its derivatives by capillary zone electrophoresis is presented. A systematic approach was used to study the effect of pH, buffer type, organic modifiers, applied potential, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cyclodextrins on the separation of these purine derivatives. An ideal condition was found for their separation, which was 30 mmol/L sodium borate buffer (pH 9-9. 5), 10% (V/V) methanol buffer modifier and 20 kV. Under this condition, the 17 purine derivatives were baseline separated and the linear correlation coefficient for adenine, uric acid and 2-thioxanthine was 0. 99 over two orders of magnitude. The variation of peak areas was less than 4. 6% (n=5) and that of migration times was in the range of 0%-3%, while the samples were injected hydrodynamically at a height of 15 cm and an injection time of 8-10 s. In addition, alcohol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol and acetonitrile were also effective additives in the separation. However, SDS and various ###-cyclodextrin     

Quantitative structure activity relationship and toxicity mechanisms of chlorophenols on cells <Emphasis Type="Italic">in vitro</Emphasis>

3-(4,5-dimethylthiazd-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylentrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay was used to investigate the acute toxicity of 8 different chlorophenols (CPs) on rat connective tissue fibroblast L929 cells and human liver cancer HepG2 cells. Combined with the data from Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) approach of CPs by using the octanol-water partition coefficients (Kow),an effective model was deduced to evaluate the cytotoxicity of these chemicals. Furthermore, the relationship between the structures of CPs and their cytotoxicity was proposed.The results show that 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), 2,6-dichlorophenol (2,6-DCP),2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP),2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) and 2,3,4-trichlorophenol (2,3,4-TCP) induced apoptosis, whereas, 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorophenol (2,3,5,6-TeCP) and pentachlorophenl (PCP) demonstrated more characteristic of necrosis than apoptosis.These results establish a good experimental base both for developing the comparative evaluation of toxicity of CPs in vitro and for elucidating the toxicity mechanisms of them.     

Experimental studies on silicate structures of basaltic glasses quenched at 1 650℃ and 1-3.5 GPa

A series of melting experiments was carried out at 1 650℃ and 1.00-3.00 GPa using alkaline basalt as starting material. The compositions of quenched basaltic glasses in the products were detected by electron micro probe. Their CIPW norms were calculated and their refractive indices were determined by the oil-infused method. The Raman spectrum of the quenched basaltic glasses indicates that their main structural species are monomer [SiO4]4-, chain [Si2O6]4- and sheet [Si2O5]2- . The relationship at the same temperature between the proportions of integrated areas of structural species, and compositions and pressures was discussed.     

5,7-二取代-[1,2,4]三唑[1,5-a]嘧啶衍生物的合成及其抗癫痫活性

通过合成一系列5,7-二取代-[1,2,4]三唑[1,5-a]嘧啶衍生物,对其体内抗癫痫活性进行研究.各种查尔酮和3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑在二甲基甲酰胺中加热反应分别得到5,7-二取代-4,7-二氢-[1,2,4]三唑[1,5-a]嘧啶(2a-2e)和它们的脱氢产物5,7-二取代-[1,2,4]三唑[1,5-a]嘧...     

三唑并嘧啶类化合物的合成与结构表征

合成了5，7-二甲基-1，2，4-三唑并[1，5-a]嘧啶-2-苄硫醚类(A系列)和5，7-二甲基-1，2，4-三唑并[4，3-a]嘧啶-3-苄硫醚类(B系列)化合物，并通过熔点测定、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对其结构进行了表征，与以前不同的是，在合成过程中，我们改变反应温度，并使用相转移催化剂苄基三甲基溴化胺，在氢氧化钠的乙醚-水溶液中进行了相转移反应，该合成方法反应条件温和，所得产物更纯、产率更高。     

3-苯基四氢环戊二烯并[4,5]噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-酮七乙酰乳糖硫苷的合成

以2-氨基四氢环戊二烯并[4,5]噻吩-3-甲酸乙酯为原料,采用有别于文献报道的合成方法,经3-苯基-2-巯基四氢环戊二烯并[4,5]噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-酮中间体,高产率的合成了未见文献报道的3-苯基四氢环戊二烯并[4,5]噻吩并[2,3-d]嘧啶-4-酮七乙酰乳糖硫苷.     

吡唑并[3,4-b]吡啶酮衍生物与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

在模拟生理条件下,用荧光光谱法研究了吡唑并[3,4-b]吡啶酮衍生物4-(3-硝基苯基)-4,5-二氢-3-甲基-1-苯基-吡唑并[3,4-b]吡啶-6-(7H)-酮(NPPO)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用.NPPO对BSA的荧光猝灭属于动态猝灭,并获得了不同温度对应的猝灭常数.由热力学参数,推断了NPPO与BSA之间主要靠疏水作用力结合.按照Frster的偶极-偶极能量转移理论,推算得出NPPO与蛋白质的结合位置距离色氨酸残基2.72nm.研究了NPPO对BSA构象的影响,并探讨了一些金属离子对体系的影响.     

4-[1,2,4]三氮唑-1-基甲基苯腈的合成

改进4-[1,2,4] 三氮唑-1-基甲基苯腈的合成方法,以价廉易得的对氰基氯苄代替对氰基溴苄,研究对氰基氯苄与1H-[1,2,4]三氮唑的N-烃基化反应及合成4-[1,2,4]三氮唑-1-基甲基苯腈的工艺条件.实验所选用的最佳工艺条件:对氰基氯苄为0.03 mol,1H-[1,2,4]三氮唑用量为0.045 mol,乙腈溶剂为20 mL,混合碱(无水碳酸钾和氢氧化钾的量比为1∶1)的总用量为0.03 mol,反应温度为70 ℃,反应时间为5 h,在此条件下,4-[1,2,4]三氮唑-1-基甲基苯腈的收率可达76%.     

双-三唑并[3,4-b]-[1,3,4]噻二唑类化合物的合成及抗癌活性研究

间苯二甲羧酸酯化、肼解、成盐、环化成双-(4-氨基-5-巯基-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)苯(1),再与芳香酸(2a~2m)在相转移催化剂四丁基碘化铵和 POCl3作用下,高产率地制得13种1,3-双[(6-芳基)-1,2,4-三唑并[3,4-b]-[1,3,4]噻二唑-3-基]苯类衍生物(3a~3m),并利用 IR、1H NMR、MS 和元素分析对目标化合物的结构进行了表征.用MTT 方法评价了它们在体外对 HepG-2、 A549-1和231-2癌细胞株的体外生长抑制活性.结果表明:所合成的13个新化合物(3a~3m)均具有潜在的体外抑制癌细胞生长活性,其中3d、3h 与3i 对 HepG2和231-2的体外抑制活性最强     

1,4-双[(6-芳基)-1,2,4-三唑并[3,4-b]-[1,3,4]噻二唑-3-基]苯类衍生物的合成及抗癌活性研究

对苯二甲羧酸酯化、肼解、成盐、环化成双-(4-氨基-5-巯基-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)苯(1),再与芳香羧酸(2a~2h)在相转移催化剂四丁基碘化铵和POCl3作用下,高产率制得8种1,4-双[(6-芳基)-1,2,4-三唑并[3,4-b]-[1,3,4]噻二唑-3-基]苯类衍生物(3a~3h),并利用IR、1H NMR、MS和元素分析对目标化合物的结构进行了表征.用MTT方法评价了它们在体外对HepG-2、A549-1和231-2癌细胞株的体外生长抑制活性.结果表明,所合成的8个新化合物均具有潜在的体外抑制癌细胞生长活性,其中3a、3g与3h活性最强.     

N-(1-萘基)-[1,2,4]噻二唑[2,3]并吡啶-2-亚胺的合成及荧光性质

合成了一种新的1,2,4-噻二唑衍生物:N-1-萘基-[1,2,4]-噻二唑-[2,3]并吡啶-2-亚胺,分子式C16H11N3S,相对分子质量277.34,熔点192-193℃。用红外光谱、氢核磁共振谱、质谱、元素分析和紫外可见光谱对其进行了表征、测定了化合物在几种常见有机溶剂中的荧光光谱,化合物在374nm处发射荧光。     

新型2-芳胺基-吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪衍生物的合成与除草活性测试

以2-甲基-3-乙酰基-5-氰基-6-乙硫基-4-吡啶胺为原料,设计合成了9种新型的2-芳胺基-7-乙硫基吡啶并[4,3-d][1,3]噁嗪衍生物,其结构经FT-IR、¹H NMR、HRMS和X-射线单晶衍射等方法进行了表征.对所有目标化合物进行了单、双子叶植物的除草活性测试,结果表明:在质量浓度为100 mg?L^-1下目标化合物对单子叶植物稗草的根和茎的生长具有很好的抑制作用,抑制率均达到了100%.     

7-芳基取代吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶衍生物的合成与表征

通过芳基烯胺酮与5-氨基-1H-吡唑的关环反应合成了一系列7-芳基吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶衍生物。首先芳酮(8)与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲基缩醛缩合得到芳基烯胺酮(9),不经纯化,直接在乙酸回流条件下与5-氨基-1H-吡唑反应合成了7-芳基吡唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶,产率为45%~86%。目标化合物结构经1H-NMR和IR进行了表征。该方法具有原料易得,操作简便等特点。