镧、钇稀土在过共晶铝硅合金中的作用

研究了稀土镧和钇对过共晶铝硅合金的微观组织和力学性能的影响．实验合金为Ａｌ－２２％Ｓｉ,所加稀土为富镧混合稀土（含８０％Ｌａ）和Ａｌ－８８％Ｙ中间合金,加入量分别为０．６％～１．４％Ｌａ和０．１０％～０．１８％Ｙ．合金熔化精炼后在预热至２５０°Ｃ的金属型中浇铸成１２ｍｍ×６０ｍｍ试棒,浇注温度７４０°Ｃ．高温力学性能测试３００°Ｃ下保温３０ｍｉｎ后的拉伸强度．实验结果表明：单独加入稀土不能细化初晶硅,结合磷的作用,镧、钇可实现初晶硅和共晶硅的双重变质,其中初晶硅可细化至２２μｍ左右;适量Ｌａ可形成有利于提高高温性能的Ａｌ５ＳｉＣｕ２Ｌａ化合物;Ｙ可以有效地抑制该化合物长成粗大针状．经淬火及稳定化回火热处理后,合金室温抗拉强度可达２７６ＭＰａ,高温强度可达１７４ＭＰａ．     

稀土变质剂对铸造铝硅镁合金组织性能的影响

研究了不同含量混合富Ce稀土变质剂对铸造铝硅镁合金组织、力学性能的影响,并对变质机理做了探讨。试验结果表明,在一定程度上铁相和硅相能够被稀土变质。当用富W(Ce)=0.10%的稀土变质含W(Fe)=0.12%的Al-Si-Mg合金时,抗拉强度可达到193 MPa,延伸率可达到11%,此时富Ce的稀土变质最佳温度为750℃,变质时间为30 min。但用富Ce的稀土变质含W(Fe)=0.20%的Al-Si-Mg合金时,其组织和力学性能变化不大,微量稀土的变质作用主要是因稀土在固/液界面前沿的富集,或吸附在富铁相和共晶硅相表面阻碍其长大,从而改变了铝合金中硅相、铁相形貌。     

混合稀土对Al—Si—Cu系合金铸造组织与硬度的影响

该文借助金相，电镜和热分析等手段，研究微量混合稀土（０．０５％￣０．５０％，质量分数）对Ａｌ－Ｓｉ－Ｃｕ合金铸态组织与硬度的影响。结果表明，凝固速度显著影响稀土对代晶硅相的变质效果，稀土减小α（Ａｌ）二次枝晶间距，并使合金铸态硬度提高。试验证实，稀土使合金中化纹状三元共晶α（Ａｌ）＋Ｓｉ＋Ａｌ２Ｃｕ减少，块状Ａｌ２Ｃｕ相增加。     

高镧稀土添加剂在16Mn钢中的应用

针对高镧稀土添加剂对16Mn钢的夹杂物、力学性能的影响进行分析研究,并与富铈稀土添加剂进行对比.实验表明,高镧稀土添加剂能有效变质16Mn钢中的夹杂物,减少夹杂物的数量,改善钢的力学性能.当La/S(质量比)为2.5时,综合力学性能达到最佳值.高镧稀土添加剂能有效替代富铈稀土添加剂进行稀土钢的开发.     

稀土在Al—Si合金中变质作用的试验与研究

本文采用测定Ａｌ－Ｓｉ合金金相组织，合金变质度，机械性能等方法，来研究不同工艺条件下，稀土变质潜伏期的主要影响因素。在金属型冷却条件下，Ａｌ－Ｓｉ共晶合金用稀土变质处理，具有１－２小时潜伏期。变质潜伏期长短与变质元素稀土在铝液中扩散速度有产 有利于稀土在铝液中的均匀扩散的因素，都有利于变质潜伏期的缩短及变质作用的充分发挥。     

492QS射流燃烧室汽油机用活塞材质试验

讨论了用混合稀土对Ａｌ－Ｓｉ共晶合金的变质工艺,测定了合金的热抗拉强度、线膨胀系数和活塞的尺寸稳定性。结果表明：加入混合稀土１％后,ＺＬ１０８号合金铁热抗拉强度提高了２６％,线膨胀系数降低,活塞的尺寸稳定性增加。     

CB125T摩托车活塞的材料与工艺研究

考察了ＣＢ１２５Ｔ摩托车活塞材料ＡＣ８Ｂ合金的熔炼、富铈混合稀土变质、高效复合熔剂处理及热处理工艺对组织和性能的影响，并借助于扫描电镜和电子探针分析了显微组织中相的分布与形貌。     

钡──铝硅合金的长效变质剂

本研究在实验室和生产条件下，试验了钡变质Ａｌ－Ｓｉ合金的工艺．得出了在金 属型铸造和壁厚模数为７．５毫米条件下，钡是一种长效变质剂，其变质能力接近锶和 钠。钡以Ａｌ－Ｓｉ－Ｂａ合金加入，来源丰富，成本低廉。     

稀土变质ZZnAl4Cu1G合金的研究

采用稀土变质剂对ZnAl4Cu1G合金进行变质处理,研究了稀土变质对ZnAl4Cu1G合金显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,稀土的加入能够显著细化ZnAl4Cu1G合金的铸态组织,合金的力学性能得到提高,β相晶粒细化及稀土化合物的强化作用是合金力学性能改善的原因。     

铸造速度和混合稀土对Al-23%Si合金组织和性能的影响

研究了半连续铸造过程中不同铸造速度及铈镧混合稀土对Al-23%Si合金微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:当铸造速度从100 mm/min提高到250 mm/min时,Al-23%Si合金初晶硅的偏析现象得到有效改善,铸锭从内部到外部初晶硅的分布都较为均匀,初晶硅的平均尺寸从71.4μm下降到40.9μm,同时减轻了共晶硅的偏析.加入0.5%的铈镧混合稀土后,Al-23%Si合金的共晶组织产生了明显变化,稀土元素细化了合金的共晶组织,并使共晶硅相由层片状转变为短杆状.提高铸造速度和添加混合稀土可提高合金硬度和抗拉强度.     

Sr变质对新型铸造铝合金组织的影响

采用金相、断口扫描分析手段,研究了未变质和锶变质新型高强韧铸造铝合金的组织形貌.实验结果表明,变质后合金组织的形貌较未变质合金有较大变化,适当的Sr变质,可以获得球状共晶Si在基体内弥散均匀分布的组织,改善材料的力学性能.     

Modification performance on 4032 Al alloy by using Al–10Sr master alloys manufactured from different processes

The microstructures and modification performance on 4032 aluminum alloy of the Al–10Sr master alloy wire prepared from "direct reaction-hot extrusion" and the trapezoidal block from "direct reaction" were systemically studied by using optical metallurgical microscope, XRD and SEM. It was found that the preparation processes exhibited a significant effect on the microstructures of the Al–10Sr, which thereby influenced its modification performance. It has been found that when the Al–10Sr alloy wire was used, a desirable modification was obtained after 2 min and reached to the best performance at 60 min, and the optimum Sr addition amount was 0.04–0.06 wt%, and the good modification performance was kept even after 300 min. However, when the Al–10Sr alloy trapezoidal block was used, a desirable modification was started after 30 min and reached to the best performance as long as 120 min, and the optimum Sr addition amount was 0.06–0.08 wt%, and the effective modification period was only180 min. Therefore, comparing with the Al–10Sr alloy trapezoidal block, the Al–10Sr alloy wire had better modification efficiency, which not only reduced the Sr addition amount of about 30%, but also greatly decreased the incubation time and improved the ability of anti-fading.     

Fatigue characteristics and microcosmic mechanism of Al-Si-Mg alloys under multiaxial proportional loadings

With the increasing use of Al-Si-Mg alloys in the automotive industry, the fatigue performance of Al-Si-Mg alloy has become a major concern with regard to their reliability. The fatigue characteristics and microcosmic mechanism of an Al-Si-Mg alloy under multiaxial proportional loadings were investigated in this research. As low cycle fatigue life and material strengthening behavior are closely related, the effect of equivalent strain amplitude on the multiaxial fatigue properties was analyzed. Fatigue tests were conducted to determine the influence of equivalent strain amplitude on the multiaxial proportional fatigue properties. The fatigue life exhibits a stable behavior under multiaxial proportional loadings. The dislocation structures of the Al-Si-Mg alloy were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The dislocation structure evolution of the Al-Si-Mg alloy under multiaxial proportional loadings during low cycle fatigue develops step by step by increasing fatigue cycles. Simultaneously, the dislocation structure changes with the change in equivalent strain amplitude under multiaxial proportional loadings. The experimental evidence indicates that the multiaxial fatigue behavior and life are strongly dependent on the microstructure of the material, which is caused by multiaxial proportional loadings.     

Sr含量对A356合金微观组织及力学性能的影响

通过在A356合金中添加Al-10Sr中间合金,分析Sr含量对A356合金微观组织及力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,随着Sr含量的增加,其力学性能先升高后降低。当Sr加入量质量分数达到0.03%时,其抗拉强度为204 MPa、延伸率为10.4%,较未变质的A356合金分别提升了18%、189%。通过微观组织分析表明,Sr的添加能够明显改善A356合金中共晶硅相的形貌,由粗大的针片状转变为细小的纤维状或颗粒状,从而改善合金的力学性能。     

混合稀土对阳极氧化6063合金表面光学性能的影响

采用分光光度计、扫描电镜等手段研究了混合稀土对阳极氧化6063合金的表面光学性能的影响.研究结果表明:在6063合金中加入0.2wt-％左右的混合稀土,合金的阳极氧化表面的反射率(对可见光)和明度提高,彩度和兴奋纯度降低;但稀土对其主波长和色调角度无明显影响.稀土的上述作用与其对合金阳极氧化膜的表面质量、形貌和微观结构的影响有密切的联系.     

混合稀土对ZM5镁合金熔炼起燃温度的影响

镁合金在大气条件下熔炼和浇注极易氧化燃烧，是阻碍镁合金推广应用的重要因素。目前一般采用熔剂覆盖和气体保护法熔炼生产镁合金，或采用半固态射铸成形工艺以降低作业温度，但都存在看不少缺点。通过合金化的方法来达到镁合金阻燃的目的将是发展方向。针对ZM5镁合金，研究了混合稀土及其加入量对起燃温度的影响，并与纯稀土的阻燃效果进行了比较。结果表明，添加0.12％混合稀土能大大提高镁合金的起燃温度，有望成为一种能推广应用的阻燃镁合金。     

Effects of Sr addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of in-situ ZrB_2 nanoparticles reinforced AlSi9Cu3 composites

The effects of Sr addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of in-situ ZrB_2 nanoparticles reinforced AlSi9Cu3 composites synthesized via direct melt reaction were systematically investigated. The addition of Sr could modify the morphology of eutectic silicon particles and refine the second dendrite arm spacing of α-Al dendrites.Alternatively, the ZrB_2 nanoparticles were also refined and distributed more homogenously, and nanoparticle agglomerations were reduced with the addition of Sr element. The results demonstrated that the addition of 0.06 wt% of Sr element can reach the optimal refinement of the second dendrite arm spacing of α-Al and the modification of eutectic Si. In this case, the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation reached 330 MPa, 226 MPa and 15.70%, respectively, which were remarkably enhancement in comparison with the base alloy.