基于训练序列的MIMO信道估计算法研究

针对MIMO系统，基于训练序列的信道估计方法，详细推导出ML、LS和LMMSE方法的估计值，并进行了性能比较。在一定条件下，信道系数矩阵的ML、LS估计值具有相同的表达形式。计算机仿真表明，LMMSE方法和ML、LS方法的估计效果基本一致。在高信噪比、有限训练符号数、较少发射天线数的条件下，可以精确地估计出信道系数。     

MC DS-CDMA系统中信道估计器的比较

首先介绍了几种多载波码分多址(CDMA)系统,然后建立了MC DS-CDMA系统模型,在该系统中进行最小二乘(LS),线性最小均方误差(LMMSE)和最大似然(ML)3种信道估计器的研究,并对其均方误差(MSE)和误码率(BER)性能进行了仿真,LS实现最简单,但性能最差,LMMSE计算量大,性能优于LS,ML性能最佳,且其计算复杂度低于LMMSE。     

使用LMMSE接收机的V-BLAST系统容量和导频优化

为了得到使用线性最小均方误差(LMMSE)接收机的空间复用系统(V-BLAST)在连续时变平衰落多天线信道环境中的容量,并分析信道估计误差对于LMMSE接收机输出信干噪比的影响,该文使用随机矩阵理论分析了以训练为基础的信道估计对于接收机性能的影响,得到了渐进表达的容量公式.仿真结果表明: 在尺度受限的系统中,分析仍然有效.在得到容量解的基础上,进一步考虑了训练长度和训练间隔的优化,采用数值计算的方法得到了相应的优化结果,它们是信道相关时间和信噪比的函数.     

改进的自适应最优低秩信道估计算法

针对正交频分复用系统中线性最小均方误差(LMMSE)信道估计算法计算复杂度高,且存在当信道的统计特性与先验知识不匹配时估计性能恶化的问题,利用信道频域冲激响应的移动平均自相关函数,结合子空间分解、跟踪和序列正交原理,提出一种改进的自适应最优低秩信道估计算法.对比文中算法和LMMSE算法、LS算法和联合AIC(akaike criterion)秩估计准则的自适应低秩信道估计算法,结果表明:文中算法的秩估计更为精确;在插入导频数量较少的情况下,改进的信道估计算法能获得更高的信噪比性能增益.     

一种改进的MIMO-OFDM系统频偏估计方法

针对传统的2个训练符号的载波频偏估计算法提出一种改进算法,并设计出一种新的频偏估计器对多入多出正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)系统的不同信道的整数频偏和小数频偏进行估计.该算法仅利用单个训练符号来进行频偏估计,其训练符号采用正交性良好的Walsh序列来设计,用以区分不同的信道;利用同一训练符号内相邻的偶数子载波上数据的差分关系完成整数频偏估计.仿真结果表明,新的频偏估计器可以获得较好的载波频偏估计性能.     

MIMO系统中基于条件数阈值的格基约减信号检测算法

在多输入多输出系统中,最大似然(maximum likelihood,ML)检测算法性能最优但复杂度很高,最小均方误差(minimum mean-square error,MMSE)检测算法复杂度低但其性能较差.较高的信道矩阵条件数会给信号检测算法的误码率性能带来不利影响.针对这些问题,提出一种基于信道矩阵条件数阈值的信号检测算法来提升高条件数下传统检测算法的性能.该算法通过比较信道矩阵的条件数与预先设定的条件数阈值,选取相应的检测算法:当条件数低于阈值时,采用复杂度较低的LLL(lenstra-lenstra-lovasz)约减的MMSE(LLL-MMSE)算法来减少计算量;当条件数高于阈值时,采用基于排序分组的ML与LLL-MMSE联合的检测算法,通过增加一定的计算量来保证检测性能.对不同阂值下的误码率性能进行了仿真,结果表明算法的性能明显优于传统的LLL-MMSE检测算法,并且通过预先设定条件数阈值可以使得算法在性能和复杂度之间获得较好的平衡,最终达到优化检测算法性能的目的.     

MIMO系统中的迭代时变信道估计

为了提高时变信道环境中MIMO信道估计的性能,利用Karhunen-Loeve基扩展模型(KL-BEM)建立MIMO系统中符合期望最大化(EM)算法框架的信号模型,从而得到MIMO时变信道的迭代估计方法.将EM算法应用于MIMO系统中进行迭代信道估计,一方面利用了EM迭代来提高信道估计的性能,另一方面利用了KL-BEM基函数的正交性来降低信道估计的运算复杂度.在2×2 MIMO系统下的仿真结果表明:算法经5次迭代即可收敛,而且迭代估计的信道脉冲响应与实际响应几乎重合;此外,迭代估计后系统的BER性能接近理想信道时的BER性能,在高信噪比区域,两者之间的差别在1 dB以内,比最小二乘信道估计有约2 dB的性能增益,可见迭代估计方法在时变信道条件下具有良好的估计性能.     

基于PN序列的MIMO-OFDM系统信道估计

基于为MIMO-OFDM系统设计了一种训练序列,并给出了相应的信道估计算法.提出使用PN序列代替传统OFDM系统中的循环前缀作为训练序列,并且不同发射天线选择相互正交的PN序列,利用PN序列的自相关性和互相关性,采用时域相关的方法估计多信道.与传统采用频域导频的信道估计器相比,该方法由于无需矩阵求逆,能够大大降低计算复杂度,同时PN序列作为OFDM符号的一部分可以实时估计信道,具有跟踪时变信道的能力.仿真结果表明该估计是无偏的,而且均方估计误差极小.     

快变信道下OFDM系统的判决反馈信道估计

为了改善OFDM系统在快变信道下的传输性能,文中提出一种利用叠加训练序列进行时域信道估计的方案.基于时变信道抽头系数的指数基插值模型,利用一个符号内的叠加周期训练序列建立线性表达式,并根据最小二乘准则求出插值模型的相应参数,由此构造对应的时域响应矩阵和频域均衡矩阵.为进一步改善估计和均衡性能,将所得的符号判决作为已知的训练序列进行迭代信道参数估计,从而能有效地改善信道估计的性能并消除载波间干扰.实验结果表明文中算法在时间-频率双选择性信道下具有较好的性能.     

OFDM系统一种基于LMMSE信道估计的改进算法

线性最小均方误差(LMMSE)是OFDM系统中常用的一种信道估计算法。LMMSE信道估计需要无线信道的统计信息,在实际应用中很难实现。针对上述问题,本文提出了一种利用滑动窗口法改进的LMMSE算法。该算法利用最小平方(LS)估计结果通过滑动窗口获得计算所需的参数,与LMMSE算法相比,该算法计算相对容易,更加实用。在对估算精度要求不太高的场合,本文算法更具优势。仿真结果显示,本文算法的误码率性能接近理想条件时等价线性最小均方误差(ELMMSE)算法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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