蒙脱石修饰电极伏安法同时测定人血中的铅、镉

报道了一种快速同时测定人血中痕量铅、镉的电分析方法 ,在pH 4.0 0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中 ,铅、镉在钠型蒙脱石修饰玻碳电极上通过离子交换有十分灵敏的阳极溶出峰 ,由此可同时测定痕量的铅、镉离子 ,且相互间的影响较小 .优化了各种试验条件 ,如支持电解质的选择、pH值的影响、修饰剂的用量、富集电位及时间、以及扫描速度 .利用该方法测定铅、镉时线性范围分别为 4× 10 -9到 8× 10 -6mol/L和 4× 10 -9到 2× 10 -6mol/L ,检出限分别是 5× 10 -10 mol/L和 8× 10 -9mol/L .该方法简便、快速 ,灵敏度高 .用此修饰电极测定了血样中的铅、镉离子 ,结果令人满意 .     

吸附溶出伏安法同时测定水中痕量锌和镉

报道了同时测定痕量锌和镉的新方法 .在 0 .0 1mol/LHAc - 0 .0 1mol/LNaAc- 1.2× 10 - 5mol/L乙醛酸缩氨基硫脲 (GATSC)中 ,Zn -GATSC和Cd -GATSC均产生非常灵敏的吸附波 ,峰电位分别是 - 0 .82V和 - 0 .4 3V(vs·SCE) ,峰电流和锌、镉的浓度分别在 3.0× 10 - 8～ 8.0× 10 - 7mol/L和 1.0× 10 - 8～ 6 .0× 10 - 7mol/L范围内成直线关系 ,检测限分别是 8.0× 10 - 9和 3.0× 10 - 9mol/L .该方法用于测定水中痕量锌和镉 ,结果令人满意     

阳极溶出方波伏安法测自来水中的镉

以0.20mol/L的HAc-NaAc(pH=3.50)作为支持电解质,起扫电位为0.0000V.采用阳极溶出方波伏安法可得到良好的镉的溶出峰,峰电位为:-0.614V(vs.SCE).镉的ip,在浓度为2.00×10-7mol/L～1.00 X 10-4mol/L,2.00 X 10-8mol/L～1.00×10-7mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系(r分别为0.9985,0.9987).检出限为7.00 X 10-9mol/L.该方法用于自来水中的镉含量的现场监测,结果令人满意.     

水溶性碳纳米管增敏方波溶出伏安法测定痕量铅

对以羧基化水溶性碳纳米管(CNT)作增敏剂,用方波溶出伏安法测定水样中痕量铅进行了研究.结果表明:在1 mol/L的盐酸底液中,Pb2 在-0.46 V左右出现灵敏溶出锋,峰电流在Pb2 浓度为2.0×10-9～1.0×10-8 mol/L 时呈现良好的线性关系,回归方程A(μA)=9.6656 0.6407 c(10-9 mol/L),相关系数为0.9985.检出限为1.0×10-10 mol/L,回收率为96%～104%.该方法适用于痕量铅的测定,灵敏度高,效果良好.     

方波溶出伏安法同时测定废水中微量的锌、镉、铅和铜

报道了用方波溶出伏安法同时测定废水中微量锌、镉、铅和铜的一种方法.在浓度为0.15mol/L,pH=5.0的氯化铵分散体系中,温度18℃的条件下,Zn2 、Cd2 、Pb2 和Cu2 均灵敏地产生溶出峰,峰位分别为:-1.13V、-0.72V、-0.50V、-0.22V(vs,S.C.E).线性范围分别为2×10-7～2×10-5、2×10-7～2×10-5、1×10-7～2×10-5和5×10-7～5×10-5mol/L,检测限为2×10-8～2×10-7mol/L,回收率为87.7～102.4%.     

聚苏木精/氧化石墨烯修饰玻碳电极测定水样中痕量铅和镉

将玻碳电极用氧化石墨烯修饰后电聚合上苏木精聚合膜,利用该修饰电极差分脉冲溶出伏安法同时测定铅和镉.对支持电解质及其缓冲溶液、富集电位及富集时间测定条件进行了优化.在0.1 mol/L pH 3.5的NaAc-HAc缓冲液中,以此修饰电极为工作电极,在-1.1 V处搅拌富集220 s,用差分脉冲伏安法分别测定-0.58 V和-0.8V处的氧化峰电流.结果表明,该电极显著提高了铅和镉的电化学响应信号.在优化条件下,峰电流与铅和镉的浓度在0.01~1μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.991~0.995.检出限分别为8 nmol/L(Pb2+)和1 nmol/L(Cd2+)(S/N=3).将该法用于实际水样中痕量铅和镉的测定,回收率为92.2%~105.8%.     

食品中痕量Cu(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)的极谱测定

用单扫描极谱法研究了铜铁试剂(Cup)-六次甲基四胺(C6H12N4)-HAc体系的伏安行为,发现在pH为4.0~4.5,0.4 mol/L的六次甲基四胺中,铜(Ⅱ)、铅(Ⅱ)在铜铁试剂存在下,分别于-0.26 V(vs.SCE)-、0.58 V(vs.SCE)左右产生一尖锐、灵敏的二次导数极谱波.铜(Ⅱ)、铅(Ⅱ)的浓度分别在8.0×10-8~8.0×10-6mol/L、4.0×10-8~8.0×10-6mol/L的范围内与相应的峰电流成线性关系,检出限分别为1.0×10-8mol/L和6.0×10-9mol/L.该方法用于大米、大白菜中铜(Ⅱ)、铅(Ⅱ)浓度的测定,结果满意.     

单扫描极谱法测定土壤中游离铅

提出硝酸-超声波提取,在3.36 mol/L溴化钾、0.43 mol/L盐酸羟胺、7.32 mol/L磷酸、0.34 mol/L柠檬酸钠、0.5%动物胶体系中以单扫描极谱法测定土壤中游离铅的新方法。实验发现,在选定的实验条件下,铅在-470 mV的峰电流与铅浓度在2～4 000 ng/mL的范围内有良好的线性关系。考察了超声时间对游离铅提取情况的影响。结果表明,在超声时间为50 min以内时,土壤中溶出铅离子浓度随超声时间的增加而上升,超过50 min后,溶出的铅离子浓度趋于恒定。试样在4 mol/L硝酸溶液中超声10 min,溶出的铅离子浓度与在相同试剂中浸泡12 h相当,说明超声提取效果显著。     

伪极谱法测定配合物组成和稳定常数的研究——低金属浓度的镉～硫酸盐、镉～碘化物、铅～氟化物、镉～氟化物水溶液体系

本文采用伪极谱法测定了镉～硅酸盐、镉～碘化物、铅～氟化物、镉～氟化物水溶液体系配合物组成和稳定常数。金属离子浓度为[cd~(2+)]=1.8×10~(-7)mol/dm~3,[Pb~(2+)]一 2.0×10(-7)mol/dm~3,对适用于悬汞电极配合物体系的可逆伪极谱方程作了理论推导。     

静态阴离子交换微分阳极溶出伏安法测定铅、镉和锌

以强碱型阴离子交换树脂为吸附剂,以2.5 mol/L HCl为络合剂,去离子水为洗脱液,对铅、镉和锌进行了静态阴离子交换分离富集,提高了在0.03 mol/L HClO4底液中微分阳极溶出伏安法同时测定铅、镉和锌的灵敏度,减少了基体干扰.此法应用于食品中Pb,Cd和Zn的同时测定,回收率分别为91%～95%,93%～97%,89%～93%,相对标准偏差(n=9)分别为1.72%,1.38%,1.96%,获得了较好的结果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that