基于长记忆性特征的欧式期权模糊定价研究

为了将金融市场的长记忆性特征纳入到不确定环境下欧式期权定价研究中,用分数布朗运动去刻画标的资产价格的变化过程.在分数Black-Scholes模型的基础上,考虑到金融市场的不确定性包括随机性和模糊性,运用随机分析、分形理论和模糊集理论构建了不确定环境下金融市场长记忆性特征的欧式期权定价模型.其次,分析了金融市场长记忆性的度量指标Hurst指数H对欧式期权定价的影响.最后,通过数值实验论证了该定价模型的合理性和可行性.研究结果表明:在不确定环境下充分考虑长记忆性特征得到的欧式期权定价模型更符合金融市场.     

随机利率情形下外汇未定权益定价

在随机利率情形下,利用鞅方法给出外汇欧式未定权益定价公式,得到了欧式看涨期和看跌期权价格解析表达式及平价关系;最后,讨论期权套期保值策略。     

Demographic data for Europe--a review of sources

Population Trends had provided an overview of European and world demographic issues since its inception in 1975. This article covers the abundant sources of demographic data on all European countries with information on their availability in printed and electronic formats.     

股票价格遵循Ornstein-Uhlenback过程的期权定价

讨论了股票价格过程遵循指数O—U(ornstein—uhlenback)过程的欧式期权定价问题，分别用保险精算法和套利定价方法，考虑了在有效期内股票有无红利支付两种情况下的欧式期权定价问题，给出了股票价格遵循指数O—U过程和广义指数O—U过程的欧式期权定价公式，并讨论了两种定价方法所得公式之间的关系，证明了在指数O—U过程模型下保险精算定价是一有套利定价。     

欧式期权和交换期权在随机利率及O-U过程下的精算定价方法

引入随机利率及股价服从O-U过程的市场 模型,研究了精算定价法在上述模型下的期权定价问题.根据精算定价法的定价定义, 利用随机微分方程的相关理论,得到了欧式看涨看跌期权和交换期权的精确定价公式, 并由此得到了欧式买权卖权的平价公式;进而推出有红利率的欧式看涨看跌期权的精算定价公式. 最后,对上述结果与B-S定价公式 进行了数值模拟比较分析,显示出了精算法下的定价与B-S定价的差异.所有结果均适用于复杂的不完全市场.     

基于三角直觉模糊数的欧式期权二叉树定价模型

为了刻画欧式期权价格估计值的不确定性和投资者的犹豫程度, 用三角直觉模糊数表示期权标的资产价格的变化因子,构建了三角直觉模糊数二叉 树定价模型,并用风险中性定价方法研究单期欧式看涨期权的定价问题. 研究发现: 欧式看涨期权价格表示为一个三角直觉模糊数,其值体现了投资者对期权价格估计 值的肯定程度、否定程度和犹豫程度;利用三角直觉模糊数的截集运算法则得到了 欧式看涨期权价格的区间值. 数值算例表明, 用三角直觉模糊数得到的欧式看涨期 权的价格比用三角模糊数得到的价格更能体现投资者的犹豫性.     

随机利率条件下的欧式期权定价

分别选择标的资产价格和零息债券价格为计价单位,给出了利率和标的资产价格的漂移系数和扩散系数为适应随机过程的条件下、在期权生命期内任意时刻的欧式期权价格的一般形式.当 利率和标的资产价格的波动率过程为时间 $t$的非随机函数时,欧式期权价格具有解析形式. 给出了一个标的资产价格服从几何布朗运动、利率服从HJM模型的欧式期权定价的例子,并导出期权价格的解析式.     

考虑非期望产出的航空公司网络RAM效率评价

2008年欧盟颁布碳排放交易体系,这说明二氧化碳排放对航空业的发展有非常重要的影响.本文将航空公司效率分为三个阶段:运营阶段、服务阶段和销售阶段,并创新性地在服务阶段考虑了温室气体排放量,将其作为非期望产出指标.本文提出了基于弱处理的网络RAM(range adjusted measure)模型,并用其评价了2008年到2012年全球22个航空公司的效率.结果证明了方法的适用性.主要结论有:1.格陵兰航空和肯尼亚航空的平均整体效率值最高.2.欧盟航空公司的平均效率低于非欧盟航空公司的平均效率.3.被纳入碳排放交易体系对欧盟航空公司的效率提升起到了一定的促进作用.     

Bifractional Black-Scholes Model for Pricing European Options and Compound Options

Recent empirical studies show that an underlying asset price process may have the property of long memory. In this paper, it is introduced the bifractional Brownian motion to capture the underlying asset of European options. Moreover, a bifractional Black-Scholes partial differential equation formulation for valuing European options based on Delta hedging strategy is proposed. Using the final condition and the method of variable substitution, the pricing formulas for the European options are derived. Furthermore, applying to risk-neutral principle, we obtain the pricing formulas for the compound options. Finally, the numerical experiments show that the parameter H K has a significant impact on the option value.     

UK national population projections in perspective: how successful compared to those in other European countries?

Compared to population forecasts of other European countries, those made in the United Kingdom during the past 30 years had somewhat larger forecast errors for fertility and smaller errors for mortality. Migration forecasts in the UK were about as accurate as the European average. After controlling for various effects such as relative data volatility both at the time a projection is made and during the period of the projection, there is no indication that recent forecasts in European countries have been more accurate than older ones. Hence population forecasts are intrinsically uncertain, and a forecast for the UK in the form of probability distributions is presented.     

中欧光伏贸易争端对双方经济损益的影响分析

本文选取了中欧之间光伏产品贸易争端为研究案例,利用投入产出模型,从全球价值链的角度来研究中国和欧盟两个经济体在发生贸易争端之后贸易增加值所受的影响.结果显示,贸易争端使得中国一般贸易出口中的国内增加值下降4.88%,加工贸易出口拉动的国内增加值下降1.84%.与此同时,由于生产链条的全球化,中国出口品生产减少引致进口投入下降,进而使得从欧盟进口的相关产品减少,欧盟经济体对中国的出口增加值将下降3.93%.本文还分三种情形讨论了欧盟发起反倾销调查的救济效果,结果发现,即使反倾销不引起贸易转移,欧盟的贸易增加值也将下降1.3%,形成"双输"的局面.     

An empirical investigation on the risk-return relationship of carbon future market

This paper examines the risk-return relationship for the carbon future market during Phases I, II and III of the European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS). The risk factors derived from the newly developed LSW model, are embedded into a GARCH framework. This new specification is compared with several GARCH-M type models analyzing the risk-return relationship in the carbon market. The results show that the new specification consistently achieves a good fit and possesses superior explanatory power for the European Union Allowance (EUA) data. Some policy suggestions regarding market efficiency are also provided.     

非完全市场衍生资产的相关定价法研究

主要研究非完全市场条件下欧式衍生资产的定价问题．利用Hillbert空间的投影理论，首先将Luenberger提出的相关定价法及Bertsimas等人提出的e-套利定价法与向量空间的投影问题联系起来，证明相关定价法与e-套利定价法的一致性及最相关资产的存在性问题，然后利用随机动态规划法研究离散时闻和连续时闻情形欧式衍生资产的风险对冲策略和定价问题，最后得到确定欧式衍生资产最优风险对冲策略所满足的偏微分方程及相应的近似定价。该微分方程在完全市场条件下与Black-Scholes方程完全一致．     

欧式期权价值评估的非参数估计

用非参数方法研究股票价格在不服从几何布朗运动下欧式期权价值的评估，首先从理论上论证基于非参数的欧式看涨期权评价方法，然后从上海证券市场收集数据，实证研究用该方法评价欧式看涨期权与经典的Black—Scholes定价的结果有所不同，但非参数定价方法更贴近市场。     

一般均衡欧式期权定价模型

建立既包含企业生产,又包含投资者消费的一般均衡资产定价方程,得到经济系统中的随机折现因子以及股票收益率所服从的动态方程.在此基础上,采用二阶近似方法对欧式期权进行定价.结果表明,欧式期权价格与企业的经营能力、所处的行业特征密切相关,推广了Black & Sholes的期权定价公式.     

The UK population: how does it compare?

This is the fourth demographic report for the UK, providing an overview of the latest statistics on the population. This year's article compares the UK with other European countries and a range of nations from around the world. Statistical comparisons are made for fertility, mortality, ageing, migration and population density. The UK has an ageing population, but one that is not ageing as rapidly as some other countries such as Germany, Italy and Japan. Although life expectation in the UK is improving in line with most western European countries, relatively high levels of fertility ensure that the proportion of the population that is young remains high. Around one in ten residents of the UK are foreign born, a lower proportion than many developed countries. UK population density has increased steadily and is the fourth highest in the EU.     

A Metaheuristic Approach to Optimize European Call Function with Boundary Conditions

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the pricing European call option valuation problems under the exercise price,maturity,risk-free interest rate,and the volatility function. An advance methodology,Chebyshev simulated annealing neural network(Ch SANN),is enforced for the Black-Scholes(B-S) model with boundary conditions. Our scheme is stable and easy to implement on B-S equation,for arbitrary volatility and arbitrary interest rate values. Also,the comparative results demonstrate that the attained approximate solutions are converging towards the exact solution. The graphical results show that the increasing flow of the European call option as the exponential increase takes place in assets. The presented algorithm can be further applied to other financial models with certain boundary conditions. The algorithm of the method shows that the approach can also be easily employed on time-fractional B-S equation.     

时变分数布朗运动下的GARCH族欧式期权定价研究

本文拓展了分数布朗运动理论下欧式期权定价问题,尤其突破了Hurst指数和波动率为常数的假设.我们在时变Hurst指数的分数布朗运动环境下,采用GARCH族模型描述收益率序列的波动率,推导出了一个欧式看涨期权定价的闭型解.利用该模型和韩国Kospi200股指期权日交易数据的实证检验表明,韩国Kospi200股指波动率符合GJR过程,时变波动率下的分数布朗运动刻画金融市场的动态特征比采用标准布朗运动更适合,该模型计算的期权理论价格与市场价格更接近,优于传统的定价模型.     

Europe as a Knowledge Society: Integrating Universities,Corporations, and Government

Europe is introduced as a knowledge society, with an emphasis on the strategic role of European Commission Framework Programmes as central to the European Project. This introduces changes to traditional nationally based and discipline oriented approaches to the roles of universities, corporations, and governments, which are illustrated through the case of the Centre for Working Life research at Kingston Business School. It is argued that discussion of the new production of knowledge needs to be complemented by encouragement of participative action research.     

Vulnerable European Call Option Pricing Based on Uncertain Fractional Differential Equation

This paper presents two new versions of uncertain market models for valuing vulnerable European call option. The dynamics of underlying asset, counterparty asset, and corporate liability are formulated on the basis of uncertain differential equations and uncertain fractional differential equations of Caputo type, respectively, and the solution to an uncertain fractional differential equation of Caputo type is presented by employing the Mittag-Leffler function and α-path. Then, the pricing formul...