Effect of ionizing radiation on the testes of rat

Zusammenfassung Röntgenstrahlen haben einen bemerkenswerten Einfluss auf die Inklusionen der männlichen Geschlechtszellen, wie er durch die Verklumpung des Chromatins, die Aggregation der Mitochondrien und die Granulanatur des Golgikörpers evident wird.     

Influence of ionizing radiation on protein production by HeLa cells in culture

Zusammenfassung Bei der Züchtung von HeLa-Krebszellen in tritiumhaltiger Nährlösung während 48 h wurde festgestellt, dass die Mitoserate durch viel kleinere Strahlendosen nachweisbar herabgesetzt wird als die radiochemisch gemessene Rate der Proteinsynthese.     

Polyamines and nucleic acids in rat liver subjected to ionizing radiation

Riassunto Un considerevole aumento di spermina e spermidina è stato osservato nel fegato di ratti dopo 48 h dalla pan-irradiazione con dosi totali di raggi X di 800 e di 1000 r. Gli acidi ribonucleici si modificano nello stesso modo, quantunque in misura minore.     

Synergism between ionizing radiation and a cytotoxic methylhydrazine derivative: Effect on DNA-degradation

Zusammenfassung Die kombinierte Einwirkung von ionisierender Strahlung und N-Isopropyl-p-(2-methyl-hydrazinomethyl)benzamid hydrochlorid (Natulan®) führt zu einem wesentlich stärkeren Abbau von Desoxyribonucleinsäure (DNS) als auf Grund der linearen Superposition zu erwarten wäre. Der Synergismus ist am ausgeprägtesten, wenn der Zusatz von Natulan unmittelbar nach der Bestrahlung erfolgt. Dieser Effekt kann als Folge der Bildung instabiler Peroxide während der Bestrahlung erklärt werden. Bekanntlich zerfallen die bei der Bestrahlung entstandenen organischen Peroxide zum grössten Teil innerhalb der ersten zwei bis drei Stunden nach der Bestrahlung unter Bildung freier Radikale. Diese können als Startradikale bei der Autoxydation von Natulan wirken und daher den Abbau von DNS beschleunigen.     

Patterns of neuroglial proliferation in spinal cord white matter following exposure to ionizing radiation

Summary X-irradiation temporarily decreases the proliferative activity of neuroglia in immature rat spinal cord. Later, the proliferative activity in these irradiated regions surpasses that noted in control rats. Areas adjacent to the irradiated region have a greater than normal percentage of labelled neuroglia and may also be a source for neuroglia which re-populate the irradiated zone.Acknowledgments. Sincere thanks to Ms Jane Leiting for her assistance in doing the cell counts and to Mr Napoleon Phillips for preparing the autoradiographs. Supported by USPHS grant NS 04761.     

Pattern of cell damage due to ionizing radiation in the epithelial lining of the intestine inHeteropneustes fossilis bloch

Zusammenfassung Der Vorgang der Strahlenschädigung wurde an der Epithelzellschicht des Darmes des SüsswasserfischesHeteropneustes fossilis untersucht. Schon 2 h nach der Strahleneinwirkung ist eine Veränderung der Zellform und des Zellkerns zu erkennen. Die Zellen an den Spitzen der Fasern werden als erste in das Lumen ausgepresst. Becherzellen sind besonders strahlenanfällig und verschwinden schon nach kurzer Zeit. Die Neubildung beginnt vom 2. Tag an, und Becherzellen sind vom 4. Tag an wieder zu beobachten.     

Increase in the survival time of mice exposed to ionizing radiation by a new class of free radical scavengers

N-acyl dehydroalanines react with and scavenge mainly superoxide radical (O-2.) and hydroxyl radical (HO.). The ortho-methoxyphenylacetyl dehydroalanine derivative, indexed as AD-20, protects mice against damage resulting from total body X-irradiation, as measured by the increase in their survival time. AD-20 increases the LD50 at 30 days from 6.1 to 7.3 Gy in animals exposed to a wide range of X-rays (6 to 10 Gy). The dose reduction factor (D R F) of AD-20 is 1.20. We postulate that such radioprotective effect may result from its free radical scavenging activity.     

Increase in the survival time of mice exposed to ionizing radiation by a new class of free radical scavengers

Summary N-acyl dehydroalanines react with and scavenge mainly superoxide radical and hydroxyl radical (HO^.). The ortho-methoxyphenylacetyl dehydroalanine derivative, indexed as AD-20, protects mice against damage resulting from total body X-irradiation, as measured by the increase in their survival time. AD-20 increases the LD₅₀ at 30 days from 6.1 to 7.3 Gy in animals exposed to a wide range of X-rays (6 to 10 Gy). The dose reduction factor (D R F) of AD-20 is 1.20. We postulate that such radioprotective effect may result from its free radical scavenging activity.     

Autoradiographic studies on the distribution of tritium labeled decamethonium in the chicken CNS

Zusammenfassung Die Verteilung von mit Tritium markiertem Decamethonium im Zentralnervensystem von Kücken wurde untersucht. Zellen des Arachnoid- und Choroidplexus enthielten grosse Mengen Radioaktivität.     

Effect of early bursectomy on allocrafts survival in chicken

Summary Surgical bursectomy in chicken at 62 h of incubation produces a delay in skin allograft rejection, whereas later bursectomized chickens show normal rejection time. It is proposed that the Bursa of Fabricius in early stages of development influences the development of cellular immunity.The authors are indebted to Miss Nelly Pérez Jimeno for her invaluable technical assistance.     

Physiological studies on the effects of nutritional imbalance on the central nervous system. II. Effects of thiamine deficiency on oxidative enzymes in the brain of chicken,Gallus domesticus

Summary The activity levels of succinate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase in the fore, mid and hind brain regions of the thiamine deficient chicken,Gallus domesticus were determined. The activity levels of scccinate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase in all the 3 regions of brain showed augmentation on inducing thiamine deficiency. In contrast the activity levels of pyruvate dehydrogenase decreased in the brain of thiamine deficient animals. It is suggested that these changes in the oxidative enzymes indicate disturbance caused in the operation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in thiamine deficiency.     

Physiological studies on the effects of nutritional imbalance on the central nervous system. II. Effects of thiamine deficiency on oxidative enzymes in the brain of chicken, Gallus domesticus.

The activitiy levels of succinate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase in the fore, mid and hind brain regions of the thiamine deficient chicken, Gallus domesticus were determined. The activity levels of succinate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase in all the 3 regions of brain showed augmentation on inducing thiamine deficiency. In contrast the activity levels of pyruvate dehydrogenase decreased in the brain of thiamine deficient animals. It is suggested that these changes in the oxidative enzymes indicate disturbance caused in the operation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in thiamine deficiency.