Enhanced superconducting performance in solution-derived YBCO-BaZrO_3composite film

YBa_2 Cu_3 O_(7-δ)/BaZrO_3(YBCO/BZO) composite film with enhanced flux-pinning performance was prepared on LaAlO_3(LAO) substrate via a fluorine-free sol-gel method in combination with a novel photosensitive sol-gel lithography technique.Owing to the difference of lattice mismatch between the interfaces of YBCO/LAO and YBCO/BZO,high-density stacking faults were successfully introduced into YBCO matrix,which has been confirmed by XRD and HRTEM analysis.Magnetization measurement results indicate that YBCO/BZO composite film has a stronger current-carrying capacity than the pure YBCO film especially under applied magnetic fields.However,the critical current density of YBCO/CeO_2 composite film is much lower than that of the pure YBCO film at all the applied magnetic fields due to the chemical reaction between YBCO and CeO_2.Therefore,it can be concluded that the flux-pinning performance of YBCO film can be improved by the lattice distortions within YBCO matrix as long as the metal oxide microarrays cannot react with YBCO films.     

Investigations on the Sensing Mechanism of Humidity Sensors Based on Poly(4-vinylpyridine)/carbon Black Composite by AC Impedance Spectra

1 Results Investigations on the sensing mechanism is important for understanding the electrical responses of humidity sensors to humidity change,and could provide guidelines for the design and synthesis of humidity sensitive materials with desirable properties.In this work,the sensing mechanism of humidity sensors based on quaternized poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP)/carbon black (CB) composite[1] was studied by measuring their AC impedance spectra at various humidities at room temperature.Under low humidity,the AC impedance spectra of the composite was composed of a semicircle,while a semicircle at high frequency and a straight line at low frequency was observed in the spectra of quaternized PVP alone.The value of R which represented the resistance of film was estimated by the diameter of the semicircle.     

A Novel Approach for Entrapment of Biopolymers in Silica Matrix by Sol-gel Technique

1 Results The entrapment of biopolymers into silica by the sol-gel technique meets with incompatibility of inorganic and bioorganic components. The aim was to develop a compatible procedure biomimicking the biomineralization processes in the living nature. A suggested solution in Ref.[1-2] for the biopolymer entrapment into silica matrix is based on a novel silica precursor. The developed approach is distinguished from the common technique for fabrication of hybrid biopolymer-silica nanocomposite materials by the following features.(ⅰ) The entrapping procedure is performed in aqueous solutions without addition of organic solvents and additives. The silica precursor is completely compatible with biopolymers. Their precipitation or denaturation does not take place. A monolithic nanocomposite material is generated, consisting of biomacromolecules encased in silica matrix.     

Preparation of graphene and TiO2 layer by layer composite with highly photocatalytic efficiency

A process for fabricating graphene and TiO2 layer by layer composite was introduced to improve the photocatalytic activity by controlling the layers, thickness and the mass ratio between graphene and TiO2. The graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized from natural graphite pow der by the modified Hummers met hod. Large-area uniform GO and TiO2 thin films were made by a spin-coating process in turn. After exposure of the TiO2/GO multilayer film to UV light irradiation which allows the reduction of GO to graphene, a novel photocatalyt ic structure as graphene and TiO2 layer by layer composite was synthesized. The cross-sectional SEM image showed that a clear layer by layer microstructure with a single layer thickness of graphene or TiO2 was in the range of about 50 nm. The total thickness of the film was around 5 μm which was varied according to the layer number of spin coating process. Raman spectra revealed th at significant structural changes occurred through UV light irradiation. Photodegrada tion for methylene blue (MB) exhibited that the layer by layer com posite is of higher photocatalytic activity than the pure TiO2 layer.     

Preparation and magnetic properties of CoFe_2O_4/TiO_2 composite films

Using (Ti(OC_4H_9)_4) and metal chlorates as starting materials, CoFe_2O_4/TiO_2 composite films were pre-pared by sol-gel method. The effects of heat treatment temperature and pH of the precursor on micro-structure and magnetic properties were studied. The phase structure of the samples was examined by X-ray diffraction. The microstructure was examined by scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope and polarized microscope. The magnetic property was measured by vibrating sample magnetometer. The results show that the crystals of different phases grow up independently. CoFe_2O_4 is uniformly embedded into the TiO_2 matrix in the prepared composite films, and the growth of com-posite films is dependent on the heat treatment temperatures and PH of the precursor. The average size of CoFe_2O_4 crystal is 19 nm in Nanocomposite film prepared when the heat treatment temperature is 800℃ and the pH of the precursor is between 2 and 3. The magnetism of the composite films is en-hanced as the heat treatment temperature increases.     

Preparation and magnetic properties of CoFe2O4/TiO2 composite films

Using （Ti（OC4H9）4） and metal chlorates as starting materials, CoFe2O4/TiO2 composite films were prepared by sol-gel method. The effects of heat treatment temperature and pH of the precursor on microstructure and magnetic properties were studied. The phase structure of the samples was examined by X-ray diffraction. The microstructure was examined by scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope and polarized microscope. The magnetic property was measured by vibrating sample magnetometer. The results show that the crystals of different phases grow up independently. CoFe2O4 is uniformly embedded into the TiO2 matrix in the prepared composite films, and the growth of composite films is dependent on the heat treatment temperatures and PH of the precursor. The average size of CoFe2O4 crystal is 19 nm in Nanocomposite film prepared when the heat treatment temperature is 800℃ and the pH of the precursor is between 2 and 3. The magnetism of the composite films is enhanced as the heat treatment temperature increases.     

Preparation and bioactivity of sol-gel macroporous bioactive glass

Bioactive glass is well known for its ability of bone regeneration, and sol-gel bioactive glass has many advantages compared with melt-derived bioactive glass. 3-D scaffold prepared by the sol-gel method is a promising substrate material for bone tissue engineering and large-scale bone repair. Porous sol-gel glass in the CaO-SiO₂-P₂0₅ system with macropores larger than 100 μm was prepared by the addition of stearic acid as a pore former. The diameter of the pore created by the pore former varied from 100 to 300 μm. The formation of a hydroxyapatite layer on the glass was analyzed by studying the surface of the porous glass by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectra after they had been immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for some time, and the porous glass shows good bioactivity.     

Performance of a combined capacitor based on ultrafine nickel oxide/carbon nanotubes composite electrodes

A new sol-gel process for the preparation of ultrafine nickel hydroxide electrode materials was developed. The composite electrodes consisting of carbon nanotubes and Ni(OH)₂ were developed by mixing the hydroxide and carbon nanotubes together in different mass ratios. In order to enhance energy density, a combined type pseudocapacitor/electric double layer capacitor was considered and its electrochemical properties were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and dc charge/discharge test. The combined capacitor shows excellent capacitor behavior with an operating voltage up to 1.6 V in KOH aqueous electrolyte. Stable charge/discharge behaviors were observed with much higher specific capacitance values of 24 F/g compared with that of EDLC (12F/g) by introducing 60% Ni(OH)₂ in the anode material. By using the modified anode of a Ni(OH)₂/carbon nanotubes composite electrode, the specific capacitance of the cell was less sensitive to discharge current density compared with that of the capacitor employing pure nickel hydroxide as anode. The combined capacitor in this study exhibits high energy density and stable power characteristics.     

Correlation between structure and hardness of magnetron sputtering deposited CNx films

Carbon nitride films are deposited on Si (001) substrates by reactive dc magnetron sputtering graphite in a pure N2 discharge. The structure of carbon nitride films has been probed using Fourier transformation infrared, near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and high resolution electron microscopy (HREM), and the hardness has been evaluated in nanoin-dentation experiments. FTIR spectra show that N atoms are bound to sp1, sp2, and sp3 hybridized C atoms. C1s NEXAFS spectra show that the intensity of π* resonance is the lowest for the film grown at substrate temperature TS = 350℃, with a turbostratic-like structure and high hardness, while it is the highest for the film grown at TS = 100℃, with an amorphous structure and low hardness. The correlation between the structure and hardness of carbon nitride films has been discussed.     

Hydroxyapatite/alumina nanocrystalline composite powders synthesized by sol-gel process for biomedical applications

Hydroxyapatite/alumina nanocrystalline composite powders needed for various biomedical applications were successfully synthesized by sol-gel process. Structural and morphological investigations of the prepared composite powders were performed using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X’Pert HighScore software, and Clemex Vision image analysis software. The results show that the crystallite size of the obtained composite powders is in the range of 25 to 90 nm. SEM evaluation shows that the obtained composite powders have a porous structure, which is very useful for biomedical applications. The spherical nanoparticles in the range of 60 to 800 nm are embedded in the agglomerated clusters of the prepared composite powders.     

支化共轭齐聚物/介孔二氧化硅复合物的合成及荧光猝灭性能

通过Heck缩聚反应合成支化型聚芴/聚对苯乙烯撑(PFO/PPV)共轭齐聚物并且与介孔二氧化硅MCM-41复合成主-客体材料.使用紫外吸收光谱、荧光光谱手段表征了介孔复合薄膜的光化学性能.研究了该复合膜对硝基芳香烃物质的荧光猝灭性能.实验结果表明该介孔复合物比一般的共轭高分子检测灵敏度更高,使用期限更长,在硝基芳香烃爆炸性物质的检测上有着潜在的应用价值.     

固载葡萄糖氧化酶的壳聚糖/二氧化硅杂化膜的制备及表征

利用生物相容性良好的天然高分子聚合物壳聚糖(CS)与甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTOS)通过原位溶胶-凝胶法制备壳聚糖/二氧化硅有机无机杂化复合膜,用此膜对葡萄糖氧化酶进行固定,用红外光谱法、扫描电镜法对膜进行了表征.以电沉积普鲁士蓝的玻碳电极和固定化酶膜构建葡萄糖生物传感器,用循环伏安法和记时电流法对固定化酶的效果进行了评价,结果表明,用于研制固定化酶生物传感器时,杂化膜比单纯的壳聚糖膜对底物的响应时间快并能很好地保持酶的活性.     

TiO2-x(V2O5)纳米复合薄膜的光吸收

采用溶胶 -凝胶技术 ,以Ti(C4H9O) 4 和V2 O5粉末为原材料制备了纳米结构的TiO2 -x(V2 O5) (x为V2 O5的质量分数 ,分别为 10 % ,2 0 % ,30 % ,10 0 % )复合薄膜 .采用原子力显微镜观察薄膜的表面形貌 ;使用UV VIS NIR分光光度计测量了复合薄膜在紫外 -可见光波段的透射率和反射率光谱 ,研究其光吸收特性 .实验结果表明 :复合薄膜具有纳米颗粒结构 ;随着V2 O5用量的增加 ,复合薄膜在紫外光区的吸收逐渐增加 ,(αhv) 1/ 2 与hv存在线性关系 ,光学带隙由纯TiO2 的 3.36eV减小为x =30 %时的 2 .83eV ,光学带隙与x满足Eg(x) =Eg(0 ) [Eg(1)-Eg(0 ) -b]x bx2 关系式 ;复合薄膜光吸收边缘红移起因于V2 O5复合后薄膜中定域态宽度的增加 .     

用新型Sol-gel法制备酚基吡啶硼配合物/二氧化硅复合玻璃

利用新型溶胶 凝胶（sol-gel）方法制备一种酚基吡啶硼配合物((dppy)BF)掺杂的二氧化硅复合发光玻璃. 由于加入Li₂CO₃中和了溶胶以及环己烷萃取溶剂, 使材料的制备时间由传统sol-gel方法的几周减少到几天. 用这种方法制备 了无断裂、 低体积收缩的(dppy)BF掺杂的二氧化硅复合发光玻璃. 荧光光谱研究结果表明,复合材料中(dppy)BF的光稳定性得到明显改善, 发光效率明显提高.     

Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr镁合金表面超疏水SiO2薄膜的制备及其表征

以微弧氧化层(MAO)为预处理过渡层,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES)为主要原料,采用sol-gel和浸渍-提拉相结合的方法在Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr(NZ30K)镁合金表面获得甲基(-CH3)疏水基团表面修饰的超疏水SiO2薄膜,实现了NZ30K镁合金表面的超疏水改性.同时研究了微弧氧化层的表面特征、sol-gel过程中TEOS/乙醇摩尔比(TEOS/EtOH)和MTES添加量(MTES/TEOS摩尔比)对所制备超疏水SiO2薄膜表面形貌和润湿特性的影响.结果表明:NZ30K镁合金经过微弧氧化处理后,表面呈现的微米-纳米尺度上多孔的粗糙结构,其表面体现为亲水性,但有利于提高超疏水SiO2薄膜与NZ30K基材的结合力;当TEOS/EtOH摩尔比为1/30,MTES/TEOS摩尔比为1/2时,SiO2薄膜表面的静态接触角达到151°,其表面具有超疏水特性;而进一步提高MTES/TEOS摩尔比至1时,其静态接触角有所提高,达到153°.红外光谱(FT-IR)表明NZ30K镁合金表面SiO2薄膜的超疏水特性是由于MTES的引入使得-CH3疏水官能团能够成功地嫁接到SiO2粒子的表面.     

钛基富钙SiO2薄膜仿生诱导沉积碳磷灰石涂层

采用溶胶-凝胶法在纯钛基底表面制备富钙S iO2薄膜,将所制备的样品进行模拟体液(1.5SBF)浸泡实验,并对浸泡前后薄膜表面的组成、结构与形貌变化进行了研究.结果表明,纯钛基底表面涂覆富钙S iO2的薄膜在1.5SBF中浸泡7 d后其表面可迅速形成由球状碳磷灰石(CHA)颗粒组成的沉积层.     

Preparation and characterization of PZT thick film enhanced by ZnO nanowhiskers for MEMS piezoelectric generators

A hybrid sol-gel route which was used to fabricate PZT thick film for MEMS piezoelectric generators was investigated. (100)-oriented Pb(Zr_(0.52)Ti_(0.48))O_3 thick films enhanced by ZnO nanowhiskers(ZnO_w) were successfully prepared on Pt/Cr/SiO_2/Si substrates via spin-coating ZnO_w suspension and PZT sol.The influences of film thickness on the microstructure and electrical properties of composite thick film were investigated.XRD results show that PZT composite thick films have(100)-oriented perovskite...     

一维纳米SnO2/TiO2复合薄膜电极的制备及光电性能

采用静电纺丝的方法,通过调节前驱体液中SnCl₂·2H₂O的质量分数,制备了直径为90~180nm的SnO₂纳米线,经TiCl₄溶液水解处理制备得到了SnO₂/TiO₂薄膜电极。使用SEM和EDS对薄膜电极进行表征,通过线性扫描伏安法和光电催化测试,分析研究了SnO₂/TiO₂ 纳米复合薄膜电极的光电化学性质。结果表明,当SnCl₂·2H₂O质量分数为3%时,SnO₂/TiO₂ 复合薄膜电极的光电流密度达到最大;随后将其与TiO₂、SnO₂薄膜电极相比,SnO₂/TiO₂ 复合薄膜电极产生的光电流明显增大;复合薄膜电极对罗丹明B（RhB）的光电催化降解率在90min后可达到95%,而TiO₂仅为56%、SnO₂为58%。     

Fabrication of LaAlO3 film by sol-gel process with corresponding inorganic

Well-cubic perovskite lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO(3)) film on (110) silicon substrate was fabricated by sol-gel method with corresponding inorganic salts. Lanthanum acetate and aluminum acetate glacial acetic acid solutions were prepared via ligand exchange starting from lanthanum nitrate hexahydrate and aluminum nitrate hexahydrate after being refluxed. (CH(3)CO)(2)O removed nitrates and the crystallized H(2)O completely, acetylacetone (AcAc) was partially bidentated with metallic ion of the metallic acetates and formed La(OAc)(3-x)(AcAc)(x), which were hydrolyzed into La(AcAc)(3-x)(OH)(x) by adding 10 ml 0.4% methyl cellulose (MCL) solution. The La(AcAc)(3-x)(OH)(x), polymerizing and combining with MCL, formed the LaAlO(3) sol precursor with heteropolymeric structure and formed film easily. The epitaxial LaAlO(3) film on Si(110) substrate was crystallized after being annealed in thermal annealing furnace for 650-750 degrees C/30 min. The mor-phologies and microstructures were characterized. The refractive index of the LAO film was 1.942 to 2.007; the dielectric constant and the dissipation factors were estimated to be 23-26 and 2.1x10(-4) - 2.4x10(-4) respectively.