论中国政经词语的翻译(英文)

1．Introduction With the development of economy,newly-born words concerning politics and economy increase dramatically,so the translation of political and economic words is put on the agenda．Unfortunately,in the field of translation,it is little touched and few people study the translating methods of this kind systematically．The translation of political and economic terms and other kinds of translation such as that of novel and poem translation both mean to convey message from one language into another,but their translating methods,techniques and the problems which should be paid attention to     

Multi-perspectives and Linguistic Basis for Translation Studies

1.Multi-perspectives on translation The debate over literal and free translation was the most predominant and long-established issue concerned in the traditional translation theory and few translation theorists or practitioners stepped beyond it.However,translation studies finds its nutrition from advances in linguistics,as well as in other fields such as socio-cultural studies,which makes it possible that research of translation may be conducted from multiple perspectives.Linguistically oriented scholars are empowered by Saussure's structuralism and Chomsky's generative transformational grammar.Since their discussions focus on the textual problems arising in the transition from source language to target language,they primarily fall back upon linguistic theories and consider the science of translation as a branch of linguistics.Fedorov,for example,resolutely supports the view that translation theory should be regarded as a branch of linguistics,since every type of interlingual translation must be looked at within the frame work of the interrelationships between SL and TL(Wilss,2001:66) .     

A Review of Toni Morrison’s Nobel Prize Speech

Beginning with an old story, Toni Morrison uses her unique method to tell us the functions of language and her perspectives of language and literature. From this story, we can understand her writing standpoint and her determination of making contributions to her nation and people. This paper tries to review her speech given in the Nobel Prize in Literature from four aspects. They are the introduction and comprehension of the story, narrative point of view, discourse and power and feminist criticism.     

Literal Translation and Free Translation in the Translation of the Bible——Struggles and Compromises

This essay attempts to explore the struggles and compromises of literal translation and free translation in the Bible translation,and comes to the conclusion that the two methods experienced a process from being immature to mature till the final merge of them,which reflected the need of the readers and the social settings of different epochs.     

The Important Role of Context of Culture in Translation

This paper presents the indispensable role of context of culture in the translation of meaning of language in-use,showing it to be the source of contextual background of a particular text and of which the contextual features derive.It pays special attention to the tactics for understanding as well as interpreting words in the light of context.It maintains that the context of culture in which the translator works in mainly affects and limits the choice of words in translation.     

AN ANALYSIS TOWARDS CULTURAL FACTORS IN ENGLISH AND CHINESE TRANSLATION IN THE MATERIAL FIELD

Language is the carrier of culture,and translation is a cultural information exchanging process in which the connotation of one language is expressed in the other one,namely,translation is not only the process of language exchanging but also the process of culture exchanging.To a great extent,the transform of culture information is restricted by culture factors.Therefore,in order to reappear the original flavor naturally and properly during the process of translation,one must think highly of the fact that culture factors affect translation activities a lot.This thesis transilluminates the culture factors in E/C translation through the translation comparison among the Chinese and English set phrases,idioms,allusions,sayings,and colloquialism;It also tries to analyze the way of cultural information transaction in E/C translation and put forward the opinion to it.     

Palmer's Cultural Linguistics and Its Implications for Translation Studies

As an English learner and educator,I am devoting myself to translating works in clear and exact way.But in practice,I find it very difficult to translate works from one language to another,especially some Chinese ancient poets,which embodies the essence of Chinese culture.And what makes me obsessed with is the imageries conveyed in the two cultures.One word in Chinese ancient poets is not only interpreted literally but also explained between the lines,because it will contain a lot of images,which are most difficult to be translated.Therefore,I have to understand the basic meaning,besides it is necessary for me to understand the images and transform them into another language so that the translation can drive home to the natives.Here I borrow the theories from the cultural linguistics to translate Chinese poets.I will try best to apply the theories to translation from Chinese to English and compare some works including various versions.Finally I will draw a conclusion that for translation,the cultural linguistics is essential.     

Translation Strategies for Dealing with Cultural Vacancy from the Perspective of Cultural Schemata

This paper demonstrates the role of cultural schemata in the process of dealing with cultural vacancy in translation,and then,it points out the criterion for the translation of cultural vacancy is to see whether the corresponding cultural schema is fully transformed.On the basis of the ideas discussed,the paper proposed six translating methods to deal with cultural vacancy in translation:transliteration,literal translation or transliteration with notes,literal translation or transliteration plus proper explanation,compensation,borrowing and free translation.It is proposed that all this translating methods should proceed from the perspective of cultural schemata so as to excavate the cultural meaning from a deeper level     

News Translation and Intercultural Communication

Challenges in translation can be approached from the perspective of intercultural communication, and translation also plays a major role in communication between cultures. The translators of news should be culture conscious and adopt flexible strategies in dealing with cultural differences. In news translation, the readability of the target language text counts the most.     

Cultural Context and Translation

cultural context plays an important role in translation. Because translation is a cross-culture activity, the culture context that influences translating is consisted of both the culture contexts of source language and target language. This article firstly analyzes the concept of context and cultural context, then according to the procedure of translating classifies cultural context into two stages and talks about how they respectively influence translating.     

Research on Parallel Corpus Based Chinese-English Lexicon Builder

Translation lexicons are fundamental to natural language processing tasks like machine translation and cross-language information retrieval. This paper presents a lexicon builder that can auto-extract (or assist lexicographer in compiling) the word translations from Chinese-English parallel corpus. Key mechanisms in this builder system are further described, including co-occurrence measure, indirection association resolution and multi-word unit translation. Experiment results indicate the effectiveness of the authors‘ method and the potentiality of the lexicon builder system.     

Appreciating and analyzing of the language in Journey to the West

W.J.F.jenner is a well-known English writer and translator, whose English version Journey to the West was published by Foreign Language Press in 1984. ﹙first edition ,1982. second edition, 1984.﹚The writing in the English version is pure and fluent, and the selection of word is concise and precise .On top of this ,the English version is loyal to the content and style of the original book .Besides, Jenner's Translation is flexible according to different context . For example , the two Chinese Word "泼猴"appear many times in the first eight chapters in the original book , but Jenner translated them each time differently,as well as marvelously and appropriately . The flexibility of transition matches the concrete context and it is not only loyal to the original language, but it corresponds to the style of English language. All this is what we should learn from in our practice of translation.     

A Feminist Reading of Margaret Atwood's Surfacing

Margaret Atwood (1939- ) is one of the most distinguished female writers in contemporary Canada. Surfacing is her second novel, published in 1972. Through the novel, Atwood expresses her deep concern about the women. Literally, it is about a journey back to hometown and nature; but at the same time it also symbolizes a psychological journey for the heroine to find her true self. By analyzing the protagonist's personal experience with camera, language and abortion which serve as symbols of masculine power, this paper reveals women's dominated and victimized position in a male-oriented society, the gradual formation of the protagonist's feminist awareness and the process of her self-rediscovery.     

A Comparison Between Two English Poems Collarbone of a hare and Garden of Love

This essay is intended to present the resemblances and differences between Yeats‘poem Collarbone of a Hare and Blake‘s poem Garden of Love in regard to their theme and poetical techniques.     

The Problems in English Testing System

Testing is a means of enabling quality of teachers’ teaching and acquisition of students’ language learning. Considering the problems existing in the current English education and testing system, teachers should try to improve the validity and reliability of English language testing,which should cover 5 skills: the competence of listening, speaking, reading, writing and translation.     

Feminist Translation in China

Feminist translation studies have undergone rapid development in China in recent years. However,most of its research remains on the inquiry of the influence on the theoretical layer.In this thesis,I try to probe carefully into the translation of"Men and Women,Women and the City"done by Zhu Hong in an attempt to find out what is the dif- ference that exits in the translation between the Chinese female translators and the western feminist translators.     

The Romantic Elements in the Daffodils --Half Blue,Half Golden

William Wordsworth, the representative of the romantic writers and a great writer of the nature, has made great contribution in poetic theory. Daffodils is one of the many poems written by Wordsworth on the beauty of nature. His great imagination, with the poet＇s philosophical and somewhat mystical thought, is deeply rooted in the poetical creation. In this paper, his most representative poem is closely examined to appreciate how Wordsworth combines his deep love for nature and his romantic language in his great poem.     

Cultivation of EFL Learners’Intercultural Competence

Nowadays, educators from home and abroad believe that learning a foreign language means learning a great deal of the foreign civilization and culture. And the utmost goal of language teaching is to cultivate EFL learners’communicative competence, but not merely the linguistic knowledge. Thus, teaching a foreign language is more than teaching new words, expressions and grammar rules, but should also incorporate the target culture elements into language knowledge. In order to improve EFL learners’English proficiency, teachers must make efforts to cultivate EFL learners’intercultural competence and promote their sensibility and adaptability to the differences between Chinese culture and the Western culture. Only by doing so, can EFL learners communicate with native speakers appropriately and smoothly. This paper proposes some effective teaching techniques and methods that can be applied in English classroom to cultivate Chinese EFL learners’intercultural competence.     

Brief Study on the Translation of Chinese Vulgarism Language into English

Vulgarism language, also named four-letter words.in English, is words or phrases of roughness and pushiness used in people＇s daily life. Though crude and ungrateful, it is an indispensable part of any language. It is a common way for people to express their emotions with such words. Any language in the world has vulgarism language and Chinese has no exception. Chinese vulgarism language not only exists in daily life, but in literary works as well. In English and Chinese their expressions of vulgarism language differ because of the different categories. In this article, the author Would like to come up with a preliminary study on the translation of Chinese vulgarism language into English.