天文学全盘西化

在《崇祯历书》编撰期间,徐光启以及李天经(徐光启去世后由他主管历局)等人,就与保守派人士如冷守忠、魏文魁等人反复地争论过。前者努力宣扬欧洲数理天文学方法的优越性,后者则说中国传统方法就是比西法好。所以《崇祯历书》修成之后,按理应该颁行天下,     

日本内阁本《割圆八线互求法》考述

将日本内阁文库所藏《割圆八线互求法》与梅文鼎《平三角举要》进行比对,指出前者是在学习后者的基础上成书的,而另一本藏于日本的中算书《八线互求法》完全抄自《割圆八线互求法》,书上写有"徐光启校阅"字样,纯属托名之举。     

孙吾与及其所著韵书考

孙吾与为江西丰城人,经历元末明初两朝。所著韵书有两种,均已亡佚。现存《永乐大典》保存其部分内容。经考证可知：《韵会定正》为韵书,《韵会定正字切》或《字切》为韵图或为具有韵图性质的韵书。《韵会定正字切》的作用是直观反映《韵会定正》反切拼读成音的情况。二者的关系应相当于《韵镜》与《广韵》。     

论<几何原本>在中国的传播及意义

通过文献考察指出：古希腊科学名著《几何原本》是在１３世纪与阿拉伯的文化交流中,通过阿拉伯算学一起传入我国的;《几何原本》在我国翻译传播过程中,除常提到的利玛窦,徐光启和李善兰之外,至少还有４人参加了《几何原本》的翻译工作;《几何原本》的翻译传播对我国数学、天文学以及中国近代科学乃至中国思想文化的发展产生了深远的影响,具有重要意义。     

《数理精蕴》对《方程论》的吸收与精简

《数理精蕴》下编卷十“线部·方程”主要内容改编自梅文鼎的《方程论》。二者成书目的不同使得相应的内容也存在差异。通过对内容的对比分析得出：《数理精蕴》对《方程论》的改编保持了“方程”理论内涵不变,采用了“取其精华”的改编原则,对内容进行删减取舍;同时在语言表述、题目编撰、方程表示法等方面进行相应地精简与规整,使整体内容呈现出更为鲜明的算法特征,突显了《数理精蕴》对《方程论》理论成果的继承和进一步理解与发挥。     

萨玛瓦尔的《算术珍本》

系统介绍12世纪阿拉伯著名数学家萨玛瓦尔的代数论著《算术珍本》，萨玛瓦尔一生著述很多，保存至今的代数著作《算术珍本》在数学史上具有重要意义，其中保存了凯拉吉的关于二项式定理的工作以及多项式的运算法则，并进一步发展了凯拉吉的多项式理论，另外，萨玛瓦尔完全理解了负数的乘法法则，并对排列组合问题也有充分的认识，在《算术珍本》中我们还可以看到一些中国数学的影响。     

流观山海：《山海经》篇目考略

《山海经》是《五藏山经》《禹本纪》《秦水经》的合编,刘向、刘歆(秀)父子校书之时才题名为《山海经》。《禹本纪》是《海经》部分(不包括《秦水经》),包括两个版本。刘歆等人的校进本只有13篇,即《七略》和《汉书·艺文志》中著录的篇数。《大荒经》等5篇是晋代郭璞注《山海经》时才收录进来的,《山海经》由此变成了18篇,后人根据这个篇数把刘歆《上山海经表》中的数字“一十三篇”改成了“一十八篇”。《山经》与《海经》是不同时代的作品,不能等同对待。     

运用问题行为图解读古代算术问题的求解过程

中国古代算术,体现出算法化的优秀数学思想,《九章算术》是中国现存一部较古老的数学经典专著,其采取术文统率例题的形式.本文主要用问题行为图的方式对中国古代算术进行分析、解读,帮助人们从思维的角度来理解古代算术问题的求解过程,从而进一步表明了中国古代算术对后世中、外发展具有深远的影响.     

《氾胜之书》的源流、内容与价值考论

《氾胜之书》是中国古代农学经典著作之一,据传为西汉农学家兼农官氾胜之所著,记载了北方旱地农作物栽培的原则、技术和种类。此书唐宋之前一直有记载,但宋之后此书散佚,后经人整理才编辑成册,流传至今。《氾胜之书》是对中国传统农业生产理论和实践经验的继承与发展,详细记载了当时农业生产技术的革新,具有重要的理论和实践价值。     

我国古代农业科学巨著《农政全书》

《农政全书》刊行于我国明朝末年，在我国农学遗产的宝库中极负盛誉，在世界上也颇具影响。它集中代表了当时我国在农业科学上所达到的成就。这部巨著的作者就是我国古代著名的农学家徐光启。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with