P3HT-MWCNTs光敏性复合薄膜的制备和性能

采用化学氧化法,合成一种聚(3 - 己基噻吩),即P3HT,将之与多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)有效复合,最后形成一种透明的电子给体--受体异质结型P3HT - MWCNTs光敏性纳米复合薄膜.采用核磁共振、红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱和透射电镜等测试手段,对合成产物进行表征和分析.研究表明,己基的引入使得聚噻吩的溶解性能明显改善,同时通过对碳纳米管的表面修饰和改性,碳纳米管与P3HT具有较好的相容性.紫外-可见光吸收光谱显示,P3HT薄膜比其相应的溶液具有更高的电子共轭效应,随着氧化剂用量的提高,有助于提高其电子共轭效应.在一定范围内,随着MWCNTs含量的增加,P3HT - MWCNTs光敏薄膜发生红移,提高了对太阳能的利用率.     

铜/铁钝化多孔硅纳米复合薄膜的制备与形貌研究

由水热腐蚀技术制得的铁钝化多孔硅作为基底,采用浸渍镀膜技术成功制备了铁钝化多孔硅/铜纳米复合薄膜.利用扫描电镜(SEM)、XRD等分析手段对比研究了铁钝化多孔硅在沉积前与沉积后的结构变化特点以及沉积时间对所沉积的铜薄膜的结构的影响.结果表明,在浸渍一定时间后,铜/铁钝化多孔硅纳米复合薄膜继承了新鲜制备的铁钝化多孔硅的结构特点;同时,在溶液浓度保持不变的情况下,随着反应时间的的延长,铜的沉积量逐渐增加,铜纳米颗粒的平均晶粒尺寸逐渐长大.     

基于磁控溅射技术沉积光伏电池用硅基薄膜材料的研究

硅基薄膜太阳能电池是光伏电池领域最具有发展前景的组件.采用非平衡磁控溅射技术制备氢化硅薄膜和SiNx/Si纳米多层膜,并对其结构与性能进行了分析.结果表明,Si∶ H薄膜呈现出非晶硅和硅纳米晶颗粒复合结构;随着溅射混合气中氢气含量的增加,Si∶ H薄膜的晶化程度增强;Si∶ H薄膜的光学带隙均高于2.0eV.利用交替磁控溅射方法沉积的SiNx/Si纳米多层膜结构,其呈现出非晶相.     

聚3-己基噻吩/ZnO微纳米球复合膜的形貌和光学性能

对ZnO微纳米球从分散性和能级匹配方面进行了受体可行性研究,分析了能级结构和光电性能之间的关系;并将聚-3己基噻吩(P3HT)与ZnO微纳米球共混和旋涂制备P3HT/ZnO复合膜,考察P3HT和ZnO的共混质量比和退火温度对复合膜微观形貌及光学性能的影响。结果说明,P3HT/ZnO微纳米球复合膜与纯ZnO薄膜相比,拓宽了紫外吸收范围,增强了对太阳光的吸收,说明复合膜的吸收光谱与太阳光谱能够较好的匹配;在120℃退火处理后增强了P3HT的有序性,改善了复合膜的结晶性,有利于电池效率的提高。当P3HT质量浓度为6mg/mL、旋涂转速为1 500r/min时,优质复合膜的制备参数为:P3HT和ZnO微纳米球共混质量比为1∶2,退火温度120℃。优质复合膜大大拓宽了紫外吸收范围,增强了对太阳光的吸收。     

SrTi_(0.8)Nb_(0.2)O_3/Au纳米复合薄膜的制备及热电性能

利用脉冲激光沉积技术制备了SrTi_(0.8)Nb_(0.2)O_3/Au纳米复合热电薄膜并研究了Au纳米颗粒的含量对薄膜热电性能的影响.实验结果表明,随着薄膜中Au纳米颗粒含量的增加,复合薄膜的载流子浓度和迁移率同时减小,导致复合薄膜的电阻率增大;此外,随着Au纳米颗粒含量的增加,复合薄膜的塞贝克系数绝对值因载流子浓度的增大及Au和SrTi_(0.8)Nb_(0.2)O_3界面势垒的能量过滤效应而增大.当Au原子百分比为0.94%时,复合薄膜的功率因子达到最大值,表明少量的纳米Au颗粒掺入可以有效地提升SrTi_(0.8)Nb_(0.2)O_3薄膜的热电性能.     

TiO2/P3HT复合太阳能电池的制备和性能研究

用简单易行的一步水热法在透明导电玻璃FTO上制备了直径、密度及取向可控的TiO2纳米阵列,FTO同时作为底电极,用旋涂法将有机P型聚合物P3HT复合到阵列表面,磁控溅射制备Pt电极,组装TiO2/P3HT有机无机复合太阳能电池.通过XRD、SEM、紫外-可见光谱仪、I-V/J-V特性曲线等表征TiO2阵列薄膜及器件的结构、形貌和光电特性.研究制备TiO2纳米阵列的水热时间及无水乙醇的量对薄膜质量及复合太阳能电池光电性能的影响.通过优化各项参数,FTO/TiO2/P3HT/Pt简单双层结构的光器件在AM1.5,光强100mW/cm2下开,路电压Voc达到0.50V,光电转换效率IPCE达到0.11%.     

一种有机硅烷/稀土复合薄膜制备及纳米摩擦学性能

采用分子自组装技术在单晶硅基底上制备了有机硅烷/稀土（APTES/RE）复合薄膜.利用椭圆偏振仪、接触角测量仪及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)仪分析表征了薄膜的结构,并采用原子力显微镜（AFM）研究了硅基片和复合薄膜的纳米摩擦学性能.结果表明：随着探针的滑动速度和载荷的增加,针尖与样品间摩擦力增加;硅基片和复合薄膜表面的黏附力和摩擦力随着相对湿度的升高而增大;APTES/RE复合薄膜具有较低的摩擦系数及黏附力和显著的抗黏着及减摩效果,显示出其在微机构表面润滑中良好的应用前景.     

CdTe包覆TiO2纳米棒壳核结构有序阵列与P3HT杂化太阳电池研究

采用水热法在含氟二氧化锡导电玻璃(FTO)上制备了有序的金红石型TiO2纳米棒阵列,在TiO2纳米棒阵列上电沉积CdTe纳米晶构成了CdTe包覆TiO2壳核式纳米棒阵列(CdTe/TiO2),然后将聚3-己基噻吩(P3HT)的氯苯溶液旋涂到CdTe/TiO2壳核式纳米棒阵列上构成P3HT包覆CdTe/TiO2壳核式纳米棒阵列的复合结构(P3HT/CdTe/TiO2),在P3HT/CdTe/TiO2壳核式纳米棒阵列复合结构上使用离子溅射法喷镀Au膜构制Au-P3HT/CdTe/TiO2结构的杂化太阳电池,实验测得以Au-P3HT/CdTe/TiO2结构组装的杂化太阳电池的能量转换效率为0.91%。     

P型重掺杂硅薄膜及其在叠层电池隧道结中的应用

本文采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)方法沉积出不同掺杂浓度的硅薄膜.利用原子力显微镜(AFM),IR和Raman散射等手段对硅薄膜的微结构进行了研究.通过测试薄膜的暗电导和激活能,对硅薄膜的电学特性进行了分析.为提高隧道结的复合速率,在隧道结的N层、P层之间插入不同掺杂浓度的硅薄膜做复合层,并测试了隧道结的电流-电压特性和透光性.实验结果表明:随着掺杂气体比例R(B2H6/SiH4)的增加,硅薄膜逐渐由微晶硅转变为非晶硅,薄膜的微结构和电学特性随之改变.隧道结复合层的最佳掺杂气体比例R=0.04,在该条件下的薄膜是含有少量品粒的非晶硅.使用该复合层的隧道结具有阻抗小、接近欧姆接触、光吸收少等优点.     

纳米Al203/PI三层复合薄膜的制备与表征

以3,3′,4,4′-二苯酮四甲酸二酐(BTDA)和4,4′-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)为缩聚单体,利用高压静电纺丝技术制备出纳米Al_2O_3/PAA(聚酰胺酸)复合薄膜.以均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA)和4,4′-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)为原料制备出聚酰胺酸铺膜胶液,在电纺膜的两侧进行流延成膜,并热亚胺化处理.对复合薄膜进行化学组成、微观形貌、耐电晕性能、力学性能和热学性能测试分析.结果表明:复合薄膜的亚胺化较完全,纳米Al_2O_3均匀地分散在聚酰亚胺基体中,在纳米氧化铝掺杂量为6%时综合性能最佳,耐电晕老化时间为12.3 h,是未掺杂纳米氧化铝三层复合薄膜的3倍以上,拉伸强度达到最大值(174 MPa),同时断裂伸长率达到21%.纳米Al_2O_3的加入使得复合薄膜的热稳定性有所提高,起始热分解温度从578.7℃提高到591.3℃.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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