沼气/汽油双燃料发动机EFI控制模型的研究

针对传统单缸化油器式汽油发动机存在的排放问题,将传统单缸汽油发动机168F改进为沼气/汽油双燃料电控发动机.通过分析喷气量与喷射脉宽的关系,给出双燃料EFI(电控燃料喷射)的控制模型和掺烧比的确定方法.对改进的双燃料发动机进行了试验,结果表明,掺烧沼气后,发动机的输出功率稍有下降,但热效率及燃油经济性明显改善.因此,沼气/汽油双燃料发动机EFI的控制方法具有一定的优越性和可行性.     

汽油/CNG两用燃料发动机控制系统开发

使用CNG (compressed natural gas)为主燃料汽油为辅助燃料的CNG/汽油两用燃料汽车具有良好的经济性和排放性能,传统的在用车改装采用主从式双ECU(electronic control unit)系统,性能不佳。通过对发动机燃烧和排放理论研究,开发了面向OEM(original equipment manufacture)的单ECU多点顺序喷射的汽油/CNG两用燃料控制方案。设计了λ非对称振荡PI控制算法等天然气特有的控制策略,并进行了发动机台架性能和整车排放试验。结果表明：两用燃料发动机采用单ECU控制时的性能优于采用主从式双ECU系统,且排放低于国Ⅳ限值。     

一种高效清洁燃烧纯甲醇燃料的新方法探索

在一台点火式电喷汽油机上进行了甲醇裂解燃料高效清洁燃烧的探索研究．研制了甲醇裂解装置和控制单元及其控制策略．发动机用汽油起动后,电控单元判别排气温度当其温度达到320℃以上时,电控单元自动从汽油燃料切换到甲醇裂解燃料下工作．在甲醇燃料模式下,通过ECU的标定,实现了自动运行．试验结果表明：与汽油和M20甲醇汽油相比,甲醇裂解燃料可以有效地提高点火式电喷发动机的效率,显著增高发动机的经济性,而且降低了尾气中有害气体排放．可见燃用甲醇裂解燃料是电喷发动机高效清洁燃烧的新方式．     

城市公交客车汽油\甲醇双燃料转换控制系统的研究

鉴于石油资源有限和汽车尾气是破坏人类环境的一大公害，不少国家纷纷出台限制汽车尾气排放的法规，使汽油汽车越来越难达到排放标准．本文按我国计委公布将推广使用甲醇汽油这一比较洁净的能源的要求，大胆设想了一种甲(乙)醇汽油双燃料化油器，在启动发动机和重载爬坡时，以汽油为主，在超车加速时加喷汽油外，在其它工况运转时，则以醇类为主，能自动根据工况控制燃料转换供应．     

先进汽车电子控制单元(ECU)的改进与发展

本文从汽车电子技术中的电子控制单元(ECU)入手,通过介绍发动机系统、底盘系统、操纵系统、车身系统的ECU控制原理,分析了当前ECU在汽车中的应用,同时还对未来汽车的ECU发展趋势进行了展望.     

双燃料化油器的探讨

鉴于石油资源有限和汽车尾气是破坏人类环境的一大公害,不少国家纷纷出台限制汽车尾气排放的法规,使汽油汽车越来越难达到排放标准.按我国计委公布将推广使用乙醇汽油这一比较洁净的能源的要求,大胆设想了种甲(乙)醇汽油双燃料化油器,在启动发动机和重载爬坡时,以汽油为主,在超车加速时加喷汽油外,在其它工况运转时,则以醇类为主,能自动根据工况控制燃料转换供应.     

甲醇柴油双燃料发动机甲醇掺烧比例的正交试验研究

在一台TY1100单缸柴油机的进气管上安装了一套电控甲醇喷射装置,采用柴油引燃甲醇双燃料工作模式,开展了甲醇柴油双燃料发动机进气预混甲醇掺烧比例的正交试验,对能耗及排放约束条件下的甲醇掺烧比例进行了研究.结果表明:在正交试验范围内各种工况下,发动机按最低能耗率要求得到的最佳甲醇掺烧比例为55%~60%;以降低烟度为需求目标,并以一定的能耗率作为约束时,大部分工况下得到的最佳甲醇掺烧比例为50%以上,受发动机压力升高率的限制,掺烧比例不宜超过70%.     

NY6200双燃料发动机电控系统的设计开发

以NY6200柴油发动机为控制对象,设计了一种基于可编程控制器(PLC)、燃油控制器和燃气控制器的双燃料发动机电控系统。基于可编程控制器的扩展性好,能满足双燃料发动机多种控制功能的要求;基于燃油控制器和燃气控制器的控制精度高,响应速度快,自动化程度高,能有效提高燃气替代率。通过试验及试验数据表明,该设计达到了预期的目的,并且发动机运行正常。     

发动机电控单元激励信号模型研究

以汽车发动机实验为基础,提出基于虚拟仪器技术的发动机电控单元(ECU)激励信号发生系统,建立了发动机ECU的8路激励信号模型,使之符合对发动机实际运行工作环境的仿真. 在ECU激励信号模型的基础上使用虚拟仪器技术进行了计算机仿真,将系统生成的多路信号分别输入发动机试验台的ECU代替原传感器信号,激励发动机ECU正常运转,发动机试验台工作正常. 结果表明,该方法原理正确,发动机ECU激励信号模型能够实现对发动机实际运行工况的模拟.     

汽车电控发动机传感器的原理与检测

汽车电控发动机传感器将汽车发动机运行中各种工作状况信息(非电量)转化成电信号(电量),并将其产生的模拟信号或数字信号输入到电控单元(ECU)的输入电路中,使发动机处于最佳工作状态,使排放污染物为最小,提高发动机性能。理解汽车发动机电控系统传感器的工作原理、传感器与电控单元(ECU)之间的内在关系,才能够正确进行故障分析和检测传感器,为科学修车奠定坚实的基础。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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