超声波处理对羊毛纤维性能的影响

以未处理、55℃超声波处理和沸水处理的羊毛纤维为研究对象,对比分析两种处理方法对纤维力学性能、表面形态、化学结构的影响,从纤维角度探讨超声波低温染色的机理.试验结果表明,经超声波处理后的羊毛,束纤维强度降低,油脂质量分数减少,纤维表面鳞片张角增大并产生不规则裂纹,部分二硫键断裂,纤维分子有序程度降低,因此,羊毛在染色过程中更易润湿,染料更易进入纤维内部并扩散.     

羊毛纤维染色性能的研究

对羊毛纤维的低温染色工艺进行了研究,并与常规的染色工艺进行了比较.实验结果表明,采用酸性蛋白酶处理与染色同浴进行可以实现羊毛的低温染色,节约能源,缩短染色时间,提高生产效率,降低环境污染.同时对羊毛的强力损伤很小,此工艺在技术上是可行,经济上是合理的.     

超声波对羊毛纤维表面形态与内部结晶的影响

羊毛表面的鳞片层由于疏水性强,是羊毛上染的初始壁障,羊毛内部皮质层的规整堆砌结构也影响染料在羊毛内部的渗透与扩散.采用扫描电镜和X-射线衍射技术分别观察和测试了超声波作用下羊毛表面形态以及内部结晶度的变化.结果发现,经超声波处理后,羊毛表面鳞片被刻蚀,边缘破损；羊毛表面有无定形物碎片沉积以及波纹状条痕；鳞片倾角增大,鳞片交叠处有无定形物析出；此外,羊毛结晶度有一定程度下降,可以推测,这些现象和结果有利于初始上染壁障的削弱以及纤维内部透染的改善,从而提高羊毛的染色性能.     

聚乙烯醇/超细羊毛粉体共混膜的制备及其染色性能

为了改善以及较好地研究聚乙烯醇纤维的染色性能,制备了不同粉体含量的PVA/超细羊毛粉体共混膜,同时探讨了PVA/超细羊毛粉体共混溶液的可纺性能.超细羊毛粉体的平均粒径为2.01μm.SEM扫描电镜显示,超细羊毛粉体与PVA之间有较好的相容性.随着共混膜中超细羊毛粉体含量的增加,共混膜的上染率,红度(a*)值以及K/S值都逐渐的增加.当超细羊毛粉体含量为33.3%时,PVA/超细羊毛粉体共混膜的染色性能几乎同超细羊毛粉体的染色性能一样;当超细羊毛粉体的含量超过33.3%时,PVA/超细羊毛粉体共混膜的染色性能会大幅度增加,甚至这些共混膜的K/S值会超过超细羊毛粉体的K/S值.     

稀土在中性染料二浴染色中作用的研究

本文提出了稀土在中性染料二浴染色中的应用工艺。     

超细纤维用分散染料

从超细纤维的特点出发,分析了超细纤维在染色时出现的问题,从染料分子设计出发,介绍了可用于超细纤维染色的典型分散染料结构,并从偶氮、蒽酯以及杂环类洒料结构的特点。讨论了改进超细纤维用染料的途径。     

超声波对制备超细氧化锌的影响

采用直接沉淀法,在特定超声频率下制得超细氧化锌产品。研究了3种沉淀剂通过超声波后对制备超细氧化锌产品的影响,经超声制备的产品分散性好、粒度小。确定了最佳超声时间为50min,超声强度为40%。通过SEM检测可知,在最佳条件下制得的超细氧化锌产品为类球形,晶粒内部有中空孔洞,其粒径约为200nm。     

生物蛋白改性助剂对羊毛纤维的改性研究

研究了NaHSO3预处理条件,以及鸡毛蛋白改性助剂改性条件对羊毛纤维活性染料和酸性染料染色性能的影响.结果表明,经过NaHSO3预处理与鸡毛蛋白改性助剂联合改性的羊毛纤维可以显著改善染色性能,提高染料上染百分率、固色率、耐洗色牢度,尤其适合染深浓色产品.同时,毛织物吸湿性提高,穿着舒适性改善.     

羊毛低温染色的研究

本文采用乙醇胺予处理(简称MEA)及染浴助剂相结合的方法,对媒介染料羊毛染色进行了探讨。文中分析了MEA予处理羊毛对染色的影响;讨论了低温促染剂GF在媒介染料染色中的作用机理;确定了在85℃条件下进行低湿染色的工艺。该工艺与常规染色相比,提高了上染率,减少了纤维损伤,同时改善了纤维性能,提高了折皱回复角。     

New Technology of Disperse Dyes Solubilized by Auxiliaries Dyeing to Wool

The new technology of disperse dyes solubilized by auxil-iary dycing to wool is put forward creatively.On the ef-fect of agent HM made by ourselves,the wool can bedyed by disperse dyes.The effects of temperature,pHvalue,liquor ratio,electrolyte and concentration ofHM,on the percentage of exhaustion,dyeing rate andpermeability,levelness are researched.This technologyhas many advantages,e.g.superior levelness and wet-fastness,saving dyes,simple process and bright shadeetc.,this project has utmost values of theory researchand practice application.     

分散染料氨纶染色机理的探讨

以一个染色模型模拟分散染料的氨纶染色,在此基础上得到分散染料与氨纶纤维大分子的结合发生在硬链段区表面上的结论。并从上染速率曲线、吸附等温线这两方面对分散染料氨纶染色的染色机理作了初步的探讨。     

One-bath Dyeing of Polyester/Wool Blend with Disperse Dyes

The role of auxiliary LAB as vehicle in dyeing polyester/ wool blends with disperse dyes is described. Dye exhaustion and bonding on polyester/wool samples are studied under different experimental conditions - the LAB amount, the temperature and pH value - to achieve optimum conditions. The results are compared with those obtained with and without conventional dyeing auxiliary products. Although dye exhaustion is higher in the presence of commercial carriers, the dye bonded increases markedly in the presence of auxiliary LAB in both fibers. The role played by auxiliary LAB in polyester/wool blend dyeing can provide a new method for this process.     

Determination of Absorbable Organic Halogen (AOX) Concentration in Wool Dyeing Effluent of Lanasol Dyes

In this paper, the absorbable organic halogen (AOX) amounts in the effluents from Lanasol reactive wool dyeing were determined using DIN 38409 H14 methods and compared with the remaining chromophore concentratlons which were determined spectrophotometrically. It was found that the dyes remaining in the dyeing effluents did result in AOX concentratiom. By measuring the adsorption rates of Lanasol dyes on activated charcoal at different temperatures and pH values, the maximum adsorption on activated charcoal and optimum adsorption conditions of the Lanasol reactive dyes were determined. The experiments showed that the AOX values of the dyes measured by these two methods were not in agreement.he reasons for this observation are discussed.     

Effect of Stretching - Setting Treatment on Dyeing Behavior of Wool

Changes of dyeing behavior of wool after stretching -setting treatment are studied. Effects of stretching -setting on wool structure are analyzed. It is concluded that stretching - setting treatment not only reduces wool diameter and increases wool length, but also brings about low-temperature dyeing of wool.     

兰纳素染料染羊毛工艺浅探

针对采用常规活性兰纳素染料对羊毛纤维进行染色中存在的问题,经过反复实验对比,总结出了两种行之有效的改进方法,即加氯化稀土促进兰纳素染料上染和加助剂米勒兰LTD实现低温染色。     

活性染料冷轧堆染色

本文介绍了活怀染料冷轧堆染色工艺和该工艺节省能源等特点。     

Influence of Low Temperature Dyeing Accelerant on Acrylic Fiber Dyed with Cationic Dyes

The dyeing behavior of cationic dyes to acrylic fiber with self-made low temperature dyeing accelerant was investigated in this study.Compared with conventional dyeing,the acrylic yarn was dyed with Cationic Turquoise Blue X-GB at 85℃ in the presence of accelerant and absence of accelerant,respectively.The influence of low temperature dyeing accelerant on the dyeing mechanism of acrylic fiber dyed with cationic dye was analyzed through kinetics and thermodynamics study.The results show that adding dyeing accelerant can heighten the equilibrium dye-uptake,dyeing rate constants,diffusion coefficients,and shorten half-dyeing time for acrylic fiber dyed with cationic dyes.Furthermore,the partition coefficient,the standard affinity,and the dye saturation value also increased in the dyeing at 85 ℃.     

Research on the Dyeing and Finishing Properties of Wool Treated with Chitosan

The dyeing and finishing properties of wool treated with chitosan were studied. It was shown that chitosan can be absorbed by wool in an acetic acid bath, both dyeing rate and equilibrium dye uptake of wool treated with chitosan increase in a wide pH range from strong acid to neutral conditions. This work also indicated that chitosan could be used to achieve feltproofing of wool.     

染料化学结构对稀土染色效果的影响

稀土是否可以作为染色助剂,已经引起广泛关注。实验发现,稀土染色效果与染料种类有直接关系;并可将染料分为三类;一类为稀土染色在样品颜色外观上有明显增浓现象,可节省染料量5～15％;另一类为稀土染色在样品颜色外观上虽无明显增浓现象,但透染性能良好,第三类为稀土染色有明显的色相改变现象。对进一步研究稀土染色机理和指导生产应用有一定意义。