贵州早寒武世黑色页岩地球化学特征及其意义

贵州早寒武世早期普遍存在一套黑色页岩。通过对麻江羊跳、铜仁、遵义中南、遵义松林小竹、天柱大公塘剖面实地考察与地球化学分析,认为贵州早寒武世黑色页岩是在缺氧环境下,热水沉积为主导,同时受陆源强烈影响,是海水、生物和地球深部物质共同作用下形成的.     

Oryctocephalops和Ovatoryctocara在我国台江的发现及意义

台江八郎、丹寨岩英等地的中-下寒武统凯里组下部地层中，发现了广泛分布于西伯利亚中寒武统下部的Oryctocephalops Lermontova，1940和Ovatoryctocara Techernysheva 1962.这一发现使Oryctocephalops及Ovatoryctocara分布的时代下限延伸至下寒武统顶部，分布范围扩大至亚洲南部；根据这一发现及原有Oryctocephalops和Ovatoryctocara的报导，推测该两属可能在早寒武世晚期起源于我国西南地区；它们的发现还使早寒武世亚太生物大区和西伯利亚过渡生物大区的差异减小，具有古生物学及古地理意义。     

多枝黄山藻(Huangshanophyton fluticulosum Chen,Lu and Xiao,1994)在凯里生物群中的发现

蓝田植物群处于宏观藻类第一个繁盛期的前期,化石类型丰富,属、种众多,形态结构复杂,具有明显的器官分化,是一个独具特色的植物群.其中多枝黄山藻Huangshanophyton fluticulosum Chen,Lu＆Xiao,1994是最常见的分子之一.凯里生物群中的Huangshanophyton fluticulosum,与安徽蓝田组的模式标本相比,藻体形态一致,仅有细微差异,即扇形发散角较大,藻丝直径较小.从埃迪卡拉纪陡山沱期至寒武纪第3世(原中寒武世),经历了近5千多万年特别是埃迪卡拉纪末期的生物灭绝事件后,Huangshanophyton fluticulosum不仅安全渡过而且形态结构特征没有发生多少变化,说明该类生物具有较强的生存竞争能力,以及遗传上的稳定性、演化上的保守性和较强的环境适应性.     

δ13Ccarb and Ceanom excursions in the post-glacial Neoproterozoic and Early Cambrian interval in Guizhou,South China

Secular δ 13Ccarb and Ceanom profiles in the post-glacial Neoproterozoic and Early Cambrian interval are reported from Guizhou on the southeasten border of the Yangtze platform, South China. Overall, the δ 13Ccarb profile drifts to negative values in the post-glacial Nantuo and lower to middle Doushantuo Formations, and then to positive values in the upper Doushantuo and Dengying Formations of Neoproterozoic, followed by negative values in the Lower Cambrian Gezhongwu and Niutitang Formations. A detailed investigation of the relationship between the δ 13Ccarb and Ceanom profiles reveals that the main anoxic and oxic episodes are coupled with negative and positive δ 13Ccarb values, respectively. This may suggest a control of alternation between ocean stratification and mixing on variations in 13C abundance in the ancient ocean of the investigated areas.     

贵州地区寒武系层序地层学研究

研究了贵州地区寒武系露头剖面的层序地层学，在寒武系识别出了１０个层序边界，划分出了９个（三级）层序及２５个体系域，其中，寒武系的底界面和顶界面，以及中下寒武统间的较大沉积间断面为Ⅰ类层序边界，其余为Ⅱ类层序边界，论述了该区的沉积演化史，指出金顶山期、高台期是同生断层剧烈活动的两个时期；牛蹄塘期（及明心寺早期）的南方海域基本上是统一的；台地、台地斜坡、广海盆地三大沉积区的格局形成于金顶山期，加强于高台期，稳定、发育于中晚寒武世。止于寒武纪末期，该区的两个沉积模式：一为巨大的坡缓底平的海域沉积模式；为牛蹄塘组层序及明心寺组层序发育时期的沉积模式；二为台地－（台地）斜坡－（广海）盆地沉积模式，为寒武纪金顶山期后沉积模式，研究结果表明，贵州省有比云南梅树村地区下寒武统渔户村组更老的地层，其东南海槽可能是浅海。     

Discovery of sponge body fossils from the late Meishucunian (Cambrian) at Jinsha, Guizhou, south China

Here we report discovery of a sponge body fossil Triticispongia sp. from the base of lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation at Jinsha, Guizhou. Stratigraphically, the fossil horizon is located below Ni-Mo ore layer with the Niutitang Biota above, and is equivalent to the late Meishucunian. The species is global in shape with skeletons composed of stauractins and monaxons. Triticispongia sp. reported here may be the earliest sponge body fossils of Cambrian, which provides new information for understanding early evolution and radiation of sponge animals.     

对贵州寒武系下统黑色岩系多元素矿床中矿物岩石特征的研究

本文分别对贵州北部、中部、东部选取代表矿床,重点研究代表矿床的矿物岩石特征,通过对研究区采集样品进行室内岩矿石显微镜研究,矿石及围岩中分别见大量玉髓、火山泥球、凝灰物质及生物碎屑,反映了其海底喷流带来物质及海底喷流导致的特殊沉积环境。     

贵州黔东地区中-下寒武统凯里组发育特征

贵州黔东地区中－下寒武统凯里组主要由粉砂质泥岩，页岩及灰岩组成，富产三叶虫，其中台江八郎乌溜－曾家岩的凯时组含著名的中寒武世凯里生物群、早寒武世台江生物群，2001年成为国际中－下寒武统层型界线候选部，对其深入研究具有重大科学和实用意义。就我省黔东地区凯里组的岩石地层，生物地层，年代地层，沉积环境等进行研究及总结，亦确认黔东凯里组是一个十分重要的地层单位。     

A restudy of Oryctocephalus indicus (Reed,1910)

Since both Chinese[1]and American Palaeontolo-gists[2]proposed separately to mark the beginning ofthe Middle Cambrian based on the first appearancedatum (FAD) ofOryctocephalus indicus[3]in thesame year ,the suggestion has been considered seri-ously and adoptedfrequently[4—18].The InternationalSubcommission on Cambrian Stratigraphy (ISCS) hasorganized the Working Group,chaired by L.B. Mc-Collum,to select candidate sections that bear poten-tial to become a GSSPfor the traditional Lowe…     

云南-贵州寒武系成磷期特征对比

贵州、云南寒武系底部磷块岩发育,是我国主要的含磷层位。然而,两个地区之间磷块岩沉积特征及成磷期次缺少对比,制约了云贵地区寒武系磷块岩的成磷规律的研究。为此,在对云南宁华、会泽和贵州织金磷块岩沉积特征对比的基础上,分析了寒武系磷块岩的沉积序列、成磷期次,提出富磷层位往往发育在海侵序列的晚期;而在海侵早期,虽然有大量的磷质供给,但由于同时供给的硅质、泥质也丰富,环境变化强烈,往往沉积纹层状、条带状磷块岩,其磷块岩品位低。海侵晚期,海岸环境相对稳定,又有大量磷质供给,高能环境对含磷沉积不断改造,磷质进一步富集,形成富磷的碎屑状磷块岩。因此,古地理位置、海侵序列发育对磷块岩具有重要的控制作用。根据扬子区古地理、织金地区含磷岩系厚度变化规律、沉积层序特征,认为贵州盘县-水城地区和织金-金沙地区是磷矿远景区。     

贵州省务川县鹿坪乡和牛塘乡古森林残存群落中的银杏──贵州省银杏古森林残存群落考察资料Ⅱ

本文系“贵州省古森林残存群落”系列调查之二．着重对务川县鹿坪村白果园及务川县丰乐镇大院子川王庙两处古森林残存群落中的银杏种群进行了定量研究,相应介绍了森林群落的结构、成分、数量及立木的物侯型级．根据现有资料证明：两处森林仍具有常绿阔叶林的典型的群落特征．白果园森林群落应属“针阔叶混交的古森林残存群落”;川王庙森林群落则属于“常绿与落叶阔叶混交的古森林残存群落”．在上述群落中,银杏种群同森林中其它种群一道沿着天然森林群落的自然规律进行生长、发育和更新,具有同其它野生植物种群一致的生长发育特性,应是古森林残存群落中处于自然状态万的野生性银杏种群．     

A restudy of Oryctocephalus indicus (Reed, 1910)

Restudy on morphology of Oryctocephalus indicus (Reed, 1910), based on specimens from Guizhou, China and Nevada USA, suggests that the subspecies regarded previously as Oryctocephalus indicus indicus (Reed, 1910), O. indicus latus Zhao et Yuan 2002, and O. indicus kobayashi Saito, 1934, are synonymous, and Oryctocephalus americanus Sundberg et McCollum, 2003 is a similar form of O. indicus. Oryctocephalus indicus is rediagnosed as having a glabella that is subconical in outline and tapering forward slightly; a thorax that comprises 12 segments, and a small pygidium that bears 2?3 axial rings with a terminal piece and a postaxial ridge. Oryctocephalus indicus is widely distributed in eastern Guizhou and ranges through a great interval of Kaili Formation. Its first appearance is almost identical with these events of trilobite extinction-recovery occurring at the end of the Early Cambrian, the alternation of acritach assemblages, the change of trace elements (REE) and stable isotopes (carbon) at the Wuliu-Zengjiaya section. As one of the key forms for defining the traditional Lower - Middle Cambrian boundary (the base of Cambrian Series 3 and Stage 5 in the new Cambrian chronstratigraphic standard), O. indicus has received detailed study and has more advantages than other species such as Ovatoryctocara granulata Tchernysheva, 1962 or Arthricocephalus chauveaui Bergeron, 1899.     

A new section of Kaili Formation (Cambrian) and a biostratigraphic study of the boundary interval across the undefined Cambrian Series 2 and Series 3 at Jianshan, Jianhe County,China with a discussion of global correlation based on the first appearance datum of Oryctocephalus indicus(Reed,1910)

A trilobite biostratigraphic study of a new section of the Kaili Formation at Jianshan,Chuandong Village,Jianhe County,Guizhou is reported.Additional occurrences of key species associated with the Ovatoryctocara granulata-Bathynotus holopygus Zone and the overlying Oryctocephalus indicus Zone that were originally defined from the trilobite assemblages at the Wuliu-Zengjiayan section of the Kaili are reported from this new section.The first appearance datum (FAD) of Oryctocephalus indicus occurs at the 44.52 m above the base of the unit.Based on study of abundant specimens (n = 800) from the Kaili Formation,we argue that Oryctocephalus indicus is a widespread taxon with a global distribution.O.Reticulatus (Lermontova,1940) from the middle part of the Kounamkites Zone of the Amganian Stage in the Molodo River region of Siberia and O.Americanus (Sundberg and McCollum,2003) from Nevada,North America are similar to representatives of O.Indicus which occur in the O.Indicus Zone of the Kaili Formation.O.Reticulatus and O.Americanus are here synonymized with O.Indicus (Reed,1910).This study strengthens the Wuliu-Zengjiayan section of the Kaili Formation as a candidate section for a Global Stratotype for the base of the unnamed Cambrian Series 3.     

黔中寒武纪旋回地层层序格架

本文运用层序地层学及旋回地层学的观点和方法对黔中寒武纪地层进行了研究，从黔中寒武纪地层中识别出六个三级旋回层序，而寒武纪地层构成一个总体向上变浅序列，该序列代表了一个发育于台地淹没事件形成的凝缩系列的基底的碳酸盐台地的发育过程。     

A new section of Kaili Formation （Cambrian） and a biostratigraphic study of the boundary interval across the undefined Cambrian Series 2 and Series 3 at Jianshan,Jianhe County,China with a discussion of global correlation based on the first appearance datum of Oryctocephalus indicus （Reed, 1910）

A trilobite biostratigraphic study of a new section of the Kaili Formation at Jianshan, Chuandong Village, Jianhe County, Guizhou is reported. Additional occurrences of key species associated with the Ovatoryctocara granulata-Bathynotus holopygus Zone and the overlying Oryctocephalus indicus Zone that were originally defined from the trilobite assemblages at the WuliuZengjiayan section of the Kaili are reported from this new section. The first appearance datum （FAD） of Oryctocephalus indicus occurs at the 44.52 m above the base of the unit. Based on study of abundant specimens （n = 800） from the Kaili Formation, we argue that Oryctocephalus indicus is a widespread taxon with a global distribution. O. reticulatus （Lermontova, 1940） from the middle part of the Kounamkites Zone of the Amganian Stage in the Molodo River region of Siberia and O. americanus （Sundberg and McCollum, 2003） from Nevada, North America are similar to representatives of O. indicus which occur in the O. indicus Zone of the Kaili Formation. O. reticulatus and O. americanus are here synonymized with O. indicus （Reed, 1910）. This study strengthens the Wuliu-Zengjiayan section of the Kaili Formation as a candidate section for a Global Stratotype for the base of the unnamed Cambrian Series 3.