FGFR2IIIc及其突变型腺病毒对小鼠乳腺癌作用的研究

目的：研究FGFR2IIIc及其突变型腺病毒对小鼠乳腺癌的作用。方法：确定腺病毒颗粒Ad、Ad-FGFR2IIIc及Ad-FGFR2IIIcS252W感染4T1细胞的最佳MOI,并通过RT-PCR检测外源目的基因的表达。建立BALB/c小鼠的4T1乳腺癌模型,在此模型上原位注射重组腺病毒颗粒治疗17天,观察其对小鼠肿瘤的作用。结果：当MOI=60时腺病毒对4T1细胞的感染率可达到95%以上,RT-PCR结果显示,FGFR2IIIc和FGFR2IIIcS252W可在4T1细胞中成功表达。与对照组和Ad组比较,Ad-FGFR2IIIc对小鼠肿瘤无明显作用,Ad-FGFR2IIIcS252W能显著减缓小鼠肿瘤体积和质量的增长。结论：FGFR2IIIc对BALB/c小鼠4T1乳腺癌无显著作用,FGFR2IIIcS252W能够显著抑制BALB/c小鼠4T1乳腺癌的生长。     

Suppression of murine breast cancer metastasis by selective inhibition of CXCR4 by synthetic polypeptide derived from viral macrophage inflammatory protein II

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 and its receptor CXC chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) have been implicated in breast cancer metastasis. A significant association between HER2 and CXCR4 expression has been observed in human breast tumor tissues, and overexpression of CXCR4 is essential for HER2-mediated tumor metastasis. Moreover, CXCR4 expression is low in normal breast tissues and high in malignant tumors, suggesting that a blockade of CXCR4 may limit tumor metastasis. The present study investigated the action of a synthetic antagonist 21-mer peptide derived from viral macrophage inflammatory protein II against CXCR4 (NT21MP) in inhibiting metastasis in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that chemotaxis of SKBR3 cells toward SDF-1α was reduced by NT21MP in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). NT21MP inhibited tumor growth at 500 μg/kg and in combination with Herceptin, the anti-HER2 antibody. The in vivo metastatic assay showed that NT21MP significantly inhibited pulmonary metastasis, and the number of metastatic tumor nodes on the surface of the lung was greatly decreased. Compared with the saline-treated control group, PCNA expression was dose-dependently decreased by NT21MP, the percentage of apoptotic cells was increased, and CXCR4 mRNA and protein expression were downregulated. In conclusion, NT21MP inhibits cellular prolifer-ation, promotes apoptosis by downregulating CXCR4 expression, and suppresses the progression of primary and metastatic tumors. CXCR4 may be a useful therapeutic target for breast cancer, and NT21MP may serve as a potential target drug for the treatment of breast cancer metastasis.     

7-表-10-去乙酰基三尖杉宁碱的HPLC分析方法及其溴化产物的抗癌活性研究

分别在C18柱和Metachem Taxsii-3紫杉醇专用柱上研究了云南红豆杉粗提物中紫杉醇(1)、三尖杉宁碱(2)、7-表-10-去乙酰基紫杉醇(3)和7-表-10-去乙酰基三尖杉宁碱(4)的反相色谱行为．在Metachem Taxsil-3紫杉醇专用柱上,水：乙腈(54:46)的流动相使这四种色谱行为相近的化合物获得了基线分离．使用溴化法处理含有(2)和(4)的红豆杉粗提物,通过分离纯化得到了二溴-7-表-10-去乙酰基三尖杉宁碱的两个非对映异构体(5和6)．体外活性实验结果表明,5和6对于人乳腺癌(MCF-7)、人肺癌(A549)和人卵巢癌的体外毒性比紫杉醇略强．     

The application of Tau protein testing to gastric cancer patients treated with paclitaxel

Paclitaxel is one of the main drugs used to treat gastric cancer, but many tumors develop drug resistance, resulting in treatment failure. The levels of expression of Tan protein in breast tumors have been found to be related to paclitaxel resistance, suggesting that Tau protein expression may predict breast cancer sensitivity to paclitaxel treatment. To determine whether Tan protein ex- pression can predict gastric cancer sensitivity to paclitaxel, we assayed Tan protein expression levels in gastric cancer specimens from 70 patients. We observed Tan protein expression in 54 of 70 （77.1%） specimens. Assays in gastric cancer cell lines showed that Tan protein expression was significantly lower in BGC823 than in MKN45 cells （P -- 0.0147）. MTT assays showed that dif- ferent concentrations of paclitaxel inhibited the growth of MKN45 and BGC823 cells, but inhibition and apoptosis were more obvious in cells expressing low levels of Tau protein. Paclitaxel chemotherapy was effective in 34 of the 70 patients （48.6%） and was significantly correlated with low expression of Tau protein （P 〈 0.01）. These findings indicate that Tau protein is expressed in a high percentage of gastric cancers, with paclitaxel being more effective in tumors with low Tau expression.     

低氧条件下巨噬细胞分泌CCL22促进三阴乳腺癌转移

三阴乳腺癌(Triple Negative Breast Cancer, TNBC)是乳腺癌中恶性程度最高的一种亚型，表现为很高的转移潜能。巨噬细胞，即肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(Tumor-Associated Macrophages, TAM)，在促进TNBC转移中起了重要作用。乳腺癌作为一种实体肿瘤，往往处于缺氧环境中。低氧环境能够促进癌细胞的转移，然而低氧环境中巨噬细胞在促进肿瘤转移中的作用仍然不清楚。在该研究中，THP1细胞被诱导成TAM，经过缺氧培养后，通过Transwell实验检测其促进三阴乳腺癌细胞BT-549和MDA-MB-231的细胞迁移能力；通过尾静脉注射，将MDA-MB-231细胞移植于祼鼠体内，CT扫描，分析了TAM促进TNBC细胞的器官转移能力；通过ELISA实验检测低氧对TAM分泌的肿瘤转移相关因子的影响，通过GDSC在线软件分析了CCL22受体CCR4和其他CCR在乳腺癌组织与正常组织中表达的差异。结果表明低氧条件下巨噬细胞通过分泌CCL22的表达来促进三阴乳腺癌细胞迁移:经过缺氧培养后的TAM显著增强了TNBC细胞迁移能力，以及促进癌细胞在体内向肺转移；低氧诱导TAM分泌CCL22；CCL22受体CCR4在乳腺癌组织中的表达显著高于在正常组织中的。     

A novel human gene spindlin1, encoding a protein localized in the cell nucleus and inducing NIH3T3 cell''s transformation

A novel human gene, spindlin1, recently cloned in our laboratory, is highly expressed in the tissue of ovary cancer. To study its biological function, a vector expressing green fluorescent-spindlin1 fusion protein was constructed and transfected into COS-7 and NIH3T3 cells by lipofectamine methods. The results showed that the fusion protein pEGFP-N1-spindlin1 was localized in the nucleus of COS-7 and NIH3T3 cells. NIH3T3 cells which could stably express spindlin1 as a result of RT-PCR analysis compared with the parental NIH3T3 cells displayed a complete morphological change, improved the cell growth and increased the percentage of cells in G2/M phase (12.6% vs control cells at 3.4%). Furthermore, overexpressed spindlin1 cells formed colonies in soft agar, more motile in migration assay in vitro and formed tumors in nude mice. Our findings provide direct evidence that spindlin1 gene may be a prooncogene which is associated with tumorigenesis.     

乳腺癌患者细胞免疫指标的检测及意义

目的检测乳腺癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞总数及CD4~+T细胞、CD8~+T细胞、CD45RA~+T细胞、CD45RO~+T细胞等T淋巴细胞亚群的百分率,用以评价患者的免疫状态.方法选择女性原发性乳腺肿瘤患者50例为病例组,并以病理检查的TNM分期结果做进一步分组,其中乳腺癌Ⅰ期27例,乳腺癌Ⅱ+Ⅲ期23例;选择女性健康体检者40例为健康对照组.应用流式细胞仪,分别检测各组外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的数量,统计分析各组检测结果的差异性.结果乳腺癌Ⅱ+Ⅲ期组CD3~+T细胞和CD4~+T细胞百分率明显低于正常对照组和乳腺癌Ⅰ期组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);乳腺癌Ⅰ期组CD45RA~+T细胞明显低于正常对照组,乳腺癌Ⅱ+Ⅲ期组CD45RA~+T细胞明显低于乳腺癌Ⅰ期组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);乳腺癌Ⅰ期组CD45RO~+T细胞明显高于正常对照组,乳腺癌Ⅱ+Ⅲ期组CD45RO~+T细胞明显高于乳腺癌Ⅰ期组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05).结论T细胞亚群检测是评价肿瘤患者细胞免疫功能的重要指标,具有重要的临床应用价值.乳腺癌患者免疫功能与肿瘤恶变的发生、发展、临床分期有一定相关性,随着病情的进展,机体免疫功能呈现下降趋势.     

结直肠癌细胞过表达tricellulin促进人脐静脉内皮细胞侵袭转移

三细胞间紧密连接蛋白tricellulin在结直肠癌组织中高表达,且与结直肠癌的不良预后相关。血管生成是肿瘤侵袭转移的重要因素之一,血管内皮细胞在血管新生过程中起决定作用。研究tricellulin与内皮细胞的关系对探索肿瘤侵袭转移机制具有重要意义。本研究通过western blot观察结直肠癌细胞株与正常结肠上皮细胞株中tricellulin的差异表达,通过基因工程技术调控结直肠癌细胞HCT116中tricellulin的表达,transwell小室检测过表达tricellulin前后结直肠癌细胞侵袭能力变化及其上清液对人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVEC）侵袭能力的影响,ELISA实验检测过表达tricellulin前后MMP2、MMP7的表达变化。结果显示：过表达tricellulin可增强HCT116细胞的侵袭能力,并且其上清液可增强HUVEC细胞的侵袭能力;过表达tricellulin可增加MMP2、MMP7的表达。说明人结直肠癌细胞过表达tricellulin可促进结直肠癌细胞侵袭迁移,并通过影响MMP2、MMP7的表达调控HUVEC细胞的侵袭转移。     

Ce(NO3)3对不同细胞DNA的损伤作用研究

以体外培养３Ｔ３ 细胞和ｌｏｖｏ 细胞为研究对象, 运用单细胞凝胶电泳技术, 探讨了Ｃｅ（ＮＯ３）３ 对这２ 种细胞ＤＮＡ 的损伤作用．结果表明Ｃｅ（ＮＯ３）３ 对２ 种细胞均有损伤作用： 低浓度（１ ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ） 时,ｌｏｖｏ 细胞的ＤＮＡ 损伤率要明显高于３Ｔ３ 细胞ＤＮＡ 的损伤率, 高浓度（５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ） 时, 则２ 种细胞的损伤率几近相同, 提示较低浓度Ｃｅ （ＮＯ３） 对正常细胞和癌细胞存在着不同的作用, 稀土对癌细胞具有选择性杀伤作用; Ｃｅ （ＮＯ３） 具有一定的遗传毒性     

吉非替尼与紫杉醇合用于胃癌细胞的实验研究

联合应用靶向ErbB1的抗肿瘤药吉非替尼与传统化疗药紫杉醇,观察ErbBs高表达胃癌细胞的生长抑制作用及对ErbBs的影响.采用MTT法检测两药不同比例联合应用时对ErbBs高表达胃癌细胞的抑制作用,在此基础上通过计算CI值（Combination Index Value）,考察两药合用于ErbBs高表达胃癌细胞株时的相互作用关系（协同,相加或拮抗）.发现在两药浓度比例为330∶1,联合抑制率在60%~80%时,能够协同抑制ErbBs高表达胃癌细胞.并进一步探讨其可能的机制,通过Western Blot法检测药物作用对ErbBs,磷酸化ErbBs以及下游信号通路中（如PI3K-Akt信号途径）信号分子（Akt/磷酸化Akt）表达的影响.最终导致细胞死亡增多,通过DNAladder、Hochest33342染色、及检测凋亡相关蛋白的表达情况进一步确证协同促进细胞凋亡的作用.结果表明两药适宜配比可协同抑制ErbBs高表达胃癌细胞.     

Involvement of chemokine receptors in breast cancer metastasis

Breast cancer is characterized by a distinct metastatic pattern involving the regional lymph nodes, bone marrow, lung and liver. Tumour cell migration and metastasis share many similarities with leukocyte trafficking, which is critically regulated by chemokines and their receptors. Here we report that the chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR7 are highly expressed in human breast cancer cells, malignant breast tumours and metastases. Their respective ligands CXCL12/SDF-1alpha and CCL21/6Ckine exhibit peak levels of expression in organs representing the first destinations of breast cancer metastasis. In breast cancer cells, signalling through CXCR4 or CCR7 mediates actin polymerization and pseudopodia formation, and subsequently induces chemotactic and invasive responses. In vivo, neutralizing the interactions of CXCL12/CXCR4 significantly impairs metastasis of breast cancer cells to regional lymph nodes and lung. Malignant melanoma, which has a similar metastatic pattern as breast cancer but also a high incidence of skin metastases, shows high expression levels of CCR10 in addition to CXCR4 and CCR7. Our findings indicate that chemokines and their receptors have a critical role in determining the metastatic destination of tumour cells.     

IRS1在藻蓝蛋白介导的H460细胞增殖和迁移调控中的作用

藻蓝蛋白来源于海洋藻类,是我国认可的食品着色剂和功能型食品．初期研究表明,藻蓝蛋白处理能抑制人类非小细胞肺癌系H460的体外增殖能力和迁移能力,使得其体外集落形成能力减弱．通过转录组学测序分析进一步探究具体作用机制,从藻蓝蛋白处理前后发生显著变化的基因中,筛选出了一个藻蓝蛋白处理后发生显著下调的基因,即胰岛素受体底物1（irs1）,并通过体外转染siRNA的方法抑制IRS1的表达,来研究其对非小细胞肺癌系H460的增殖和迁移能力的影响．采用MTT法检测细胞增殖,细胞划痕实验检测细胞迁移,克隆形成实验检测细胞集落形成能力,流式细胞术检测细胞周期分布．结果表明,下调IRS1的表达后,与对照组相比,细胞的生长速率降低,迁移能力、集落形成能力受到抑制,同时使细胞周期被阻滞到G1期．PI3K-AKT信号通路研究表明,藻蓝蛋白处理使得PI3K-AKT信号通路活性受到抑制,下调IRS1的表达使得PI3K-AKT信号通路部分蛋白表达也下调,通路活性受到一定程度抑制．本研究结果表明,藻蓝蛋白抑制非小细胞肺癌系H460体外活性功能的机制,可能与IRS1的表达和PI3K-AKT信号通路的活性有关,这为藻蓝蛋白的调控机制提供了有力的理论基础．      

Metastasis suppressor gene KiSS-1 encodes peptide ligand of a G-protein-coupled receptor

Metastasis is a major cause of death in cancer patients and involves a multistep process including detachment of cancer cells from a primary cancer, invasion of surrounding tissue, spread through circulation, re-invasion and proliferation in distant organs. KiSS-1 is a human metastasis suppressor gene, that suppresses metastases of human melanomas and breast carcinomas without affecting tumorigenicity. However, its gene product and functional mechanisms have not been elucidated. Here we show that KiSS-1 (refs 1, 4) encodes a carboxy-terminally amidated peptide with 54 amino-acid residues, which we have isolated from human placenta as the endogenous ligand of an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor (hOT7T175) and have named 'metastin'. Metastin inhibits chemotaxis and invasion of hOT7T175-transfected CHO cells in vitro and attenuates pulmonary metastasis of hOT7T175-transfected B16-BL6 melanomas in vivo. The results suggest possible mechanisms of action for KiSS-1 and a potential new therapeutic approach.     

Anti-angiogenesis effect of generation 4 polyamidoamine/vascular endothelial growth factor antisense oligodeoxynucleotide on breast cancer in vitro

Objective: To study the effects of the generation 4 polyamidoamine/vascular endothelial growth factor antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN) compound on the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its mRNA of breast cancer cells and on the inhibition of vascular endothelial cells. Methods: We examined the morphology of G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN compound and its pH stability, in vitro transfection efficiency and toxicity, and the expressions of VEGF and its mRNA. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was used to detect the inhibitory function of the compound on vascular endothelial cells. Results: The compound was about 10 nm in diameter and was homogeneously netlike. From pH 5 to 10, it showed quite a buffered ability. The 48-h transfection rate in the charge ratio of 1:40 was 98.76%, significantly higher than that of the liposome group (P<0.05). None of the transfection products showed obvious toxicity on the cells. The expressions of both VEGF protein and its mRNA after G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN transfection decreased markedly. Conclusion: With a low toxicity, high safety, and high transfection rate, G4PAMAM/VEGFASODN could be a promising gene vector. Specifically, it inhibits VEGF gene expression efficiently, laying a basis for further in vivo animal studies.     

Expression, purification of a synthetic fuse-protein-TSF from PF4 and TSP1 fragments and its effect on angiogenesis and tumor growth

Sequences encoding PF4 (58–70) and TSP1 (429–459) were linked to yield a single gene TSF which encodes the fuse-protein of TSF. The gene was cloned into a pGEX-2T expression vector to generate a protein GST-TSF, which was strongly expressed inE. coli. The purified GST-TSF was degraded with thrombin to generate the protein TSF. With the methods of MTT and wound repair assay, the effects of TSF on the proliferation and migration of EC were detected, respectively. The results showed that TSF significantly suppressed BAEC proliferation and migration in a dose-dependent manner. The fuse protein GST-TSF, and the peptides PF4 (58–70) and TSP1 (429–459) also inhibited BAEC proliferation and migration, respectively, but their inhibition rates were not as high as TSF. Using the CAM assay, it was shown that TSF, GST-TSF, PF4 (58–70) and TSP1 (429–459) inhibited angiogenesis in chick CAM potentially, the effect of TSF was the highest.In vivo, the growth of Lewis lung carcinoma was potently inhibited by TSF treatment, and the inhibition rate was 68.75% at a dose of 1.00 μmol/kg · d. These findings suggest that the design on TSF gene was successful, and TSF with its anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activity, should be a useful source of the inhibitor.     

PinX1基因真核表达载体的构建及其对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖的抑制作用

探讨了PinX1 基因在乳腺癌MCF-7 细胞生长和细胞周期中的作用, 初步探讨了该基因用于乳腺癌临床治疗的可行性. 采用RT-PCR 技术从293-T 细胞中扩增PinX1 基因, 将其克隆入真核表达载体pEGFP-C1 中, 再将重组质粒转染MCF-7 细胞. 通过real-time PCR 检测PinX1 基因的mRNA 表达, 用MTT 法检测转染前后细胞生长曲线的变化, 用流式细胞仪检测转染目的基因后细胞生长周期的改变. 检测结果表明, PinX1 基因已经在转染后MCF-7 细胞的细胞核内稳定表达, 乳腺癌细胞生长明显减缓(P <0.05), 增殖变慢(P <0.05), 细胞生长阻滞于G0/G1 期, 说明PinX1 基因可抑制乳腺癌MCF-7 细胞的生长和增殖.     

新型脱碳木脂素类化合物合成方法与肿瘤抑制活性研究

利用Mn(Ⅱ)/Co(Ⅱ)/PhP(O)HOR/O2新催化体系合成了一系列新型脱碳木脂素类化合物(2a～2g),并采用MTT比色实验法,研究了所合成化合物体外抗肿瘤抑制活性.分别对人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7),人肝癌细胞(Bel-7402),人肺癌(A549)和人子宫颈癌细胞(Hela)进行检测.结果表明:化合物2a～2g对4种癌细胞均有较强的抑制作用,尤其是对人肝癌细胞Bel-7402的抑制效果明显,其中化合物2b显示出比相同条件下紫杉醇更好地抗癌抑制活性(IC50:18.9μg/mL),说明所合成的芳基烯二聚化合物2b具有更好的应用前景。     

大蒜素对肺腺癌细胞侵袭生物学行为影响的初步研究

通过MTT法、细胞粘附试验、Transwell细胞迁移和侵袭试验检测不同浓度的大蒜素对肺腺癌细胞的活性、粘附、迁移与侵袭能力的变化;(RT-qPCR)逆转录-定量聚合酶链反应检测不同浓度的大蒜素对TIMP/MMP平衡的影响.本研究中发现大蒜素可呈剂量依赖性抑制肺腺癌细胞的活性、粘附、迁移和侵袭能力.大蒜素主要降低基质金...     

5,4’-二-正辛烷氧基-7-二氟亚甲基异黄酮抑制人乳腺癌细胞生长和诱导凋亡的作用

目的 探讨金雀异黄素（Genistein,Gen）衍生物5,4’-二-正辛烷氧基-7-二氟亚甲基异黄酮（5,4’-Di-n- octoxyl-7-gem-difluoromethylene-genistein,DOdFMG）体外抑制人乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7细胞生长和诱导凋亡作用及机制,以寻找具有开发前景的肿瘤治疗新候选药物.方法 体外培养人乳腺癌细胞系（MCF-7）细胞,分别应用不同浓度的DOdFMG处理人乳腺癌细胞系（MCF-7）细胞,软琼脂克隆形成法测定DOdFMG对体外培养MCF-7细胞的锚定非依赖性增殖及生长作用的影响;PI染色流式细胞计分析（FCM）法检测DOdFMG对MCF-7细胞诱导凋亡影响.western blotting法检测蛋白激酶CK2,NF-KB蛋白表达和活性的变化,初步探讨DOdFMG抗乳腺癌作用的分子机制.结果 DOdFMG对体外培养MCF-7细胞具有抑制增殖及生长作用,呈剂量依赖性.DOdFMG诱导人MCF-7细胞凋亡.Western Blot分析结果显示：DOdFMG 3.0,10.0,30.0 μmol/L处理人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞24 h后,比较于空白对照组,蛋白激酶CK2的表达下调12.50%,41.50%,67.30%,NF-KB的表达下调20.50%,51.47%,71.93%.DOdFMG 30.0 μmol/L分别处理6,12,24 h后,比较于空白对照组,蛋白激酶CK2的表达下调27.73％,44.8％,65.2％,NF-KB的表达下调20.50%,49.83%,69.93%.这表明DOdFMG以时间－剂量依赖方式引起蛋白激酶CK2、NF-KB下调,与先导化合物Gen比较,DOdFMG更为有效（P<0.05）.结论 DOdFMG显著抑制人乳腺癌细胞系（MCF-7）细胞增殖及生长;DOdFMG可诱导人乳腺癌细胞系（MCF-7）细胞凋亡;抑制蛋白激酶CK2,下调NF-κB的表达可能是DOdFMG诱导凋亡的分子机制之一.