双钢轮振动压路机噪声源的识别

根据我国相关标准,测量了双钢轮振动压路机的原始噪声.采用表面声强测量法,对压路机前、后、左、右以及发动机左、右两面和驾驶室地板等处声强进行了测量和分析,发现驾驶室正下方发动机安装处是整机噪声源集中区域,发动机排气噪声是右侧面近场最主要的噪声源之一,在振动或不振工况下的噪声分布规律基本相似,噪声较大值都集中在发动机的安装...     

活塞型声源几何平均声压的声强计算方法

采用p-p法计算声强时,算术平均算法计算常规声压平均存在高频区误差较大、测量效率低等不足。针对这一情况,提出应用几何平均计算声压的方法,并以活塞声源为例,对两种声压计算方法得到的声强误差进行对比分析。结果表明：几何平均声强误差曲线随△r／r的变化更明显;随△r增大,两种计算方法测量频率上限均下降;与算术平均算法相比,几何平均算法更适合于宽频测量,且该算法计算机运算时间短,测量效率和测量实时性高。该研究提供了一种更为理想的声强计算方法。     

20～30K两级脉管制冷机相位特性对比研究

液氢温区热耦合两级脉管制冷机中,低温级的相位调节是性能优化的关键之一,为此,采用主动相位调节方式对低温级脉管相位特性进行研究,分析对比调相活塞相对压缩机活塞运动相位差变化时,冷指内相位分布的变化以及对制冷性能的影响.研究结果表明:当活塞行程一定时,随着活塞相位差增加,在低温段回热器两端,压力波相对于质量流的相位差(PU...     

双通道互谱声强测量时不同步采样造成的测量误差及修正方法

本文讨论了双通道互谱声强测量时两通道不同步采样造成的相位失配误差；导出了由此而引起的声强测量误差；推导了声强测量时测量系统的误差特征函数，并给出了使用误差特征函数修正该测量误差的方法．实验结果表明，在两通道间不同步采样时，所产生的声强测量误差可以用误差修正的方法加以消除．修正后声强测量结果的精度令人十分满意．     

双机振动系统的自同步过程分析与试验研究

以双机反向回转驱动振动系统为研究对象,将两电机的转速与激振器间的相位差作为指标对双机驱动振动系统的自同步过程进行分析与试验研究.通过对比相位差的变化发现电机部分对自同步过程的影响最为重要,其次是激振器部分,最后为振动体部分.仿真与试验结果表明:两激振器的初始相位差和两电机的初始转速对实现双机的自同步运动几乎没有影响;在满足同步性条件时,不同供电频率的两电机可以实现同步;当两激振器质量不同时,质量大的激动器相位落后质量小的激动器;当两激振器回转中心至机体质心距离不等时,距离大的激振器相位落后距离小的激振器;可通过调节电机供电频率来减小由电机参数、激振器质量及电机安装位置等内部扰动导致的相位差,使双机实现同步运动.     

三环减速器表面噪声的实验

三环减速器是我国独创的一种新型传动装置,利用三相并列双曲柄机构克服死点,以传动比为４９．５的ＳＨＱ５０三环减速器为研究对象,分析了其基本机构特点和传动机理。利用声强法对其表面噪声分布进行了详细的试验分析,给出了该机输入和输出侧面及顶面的三维声强分布图和等值线图。结合测点频谱图,得出其噪声评价指标及产生噪声的原因和机理,为正确设计三环减速器,减少其振动和噪声提供理论依据。     

四极子声源基于几何平均声压的声强计算误差分析

间接测量技术计算声强，是将两传声器各自测得的声压进行算术平均，用其平均值代替被测点声压。分析发现：基于算术平均声压得到的声强在高频区误差较大。应用两测点声压的几何平均值代替被测点的声压，并以四极子声源为例，对基于这两种计算声压的方法得到的声强误差进行比较，结果表明：对于四极子声源，几何平均声强计算误差曲线比算术平均声强计算误差曲线具有随频率的变化更平缓的特性，但前者曲线变化比后者曲线变化复杂，随着△r/r的增大，曲线上误差为零的点向着频率增大的方向移动，且这种移动算术平均声强比几何平均声强更敏感，所以由几何平均声压得到的声强更适合于更宽频率范围的测量。     

提高热声制冷机制冷效果的研究

基于热声效应理论,分析了热声制冷机谐振腔内声压幅值对热声效应的影响。用有限元法对热声制冷机实验装置谐振腔内气柱活塞的振动特性进行了分析。用实验方法研究了激励频率一定时,声强对制冷效果的影响。研究结果表明:谐振腔内声强越高,热声制冷机制冷效果越好。     

装甲车板结构声强度和振强度的测量研究

装甲车辆内部的Ａ级噪声高达１１４．４ｄＢ，是一个国内外都在力求解决的理论和技术性难题，装甲车辆噪声的很大一部分来自它的板结构的振动声辐射。文中利用声强测量技术和开发的振动强度测量方法与系统，对一装甲车车体板结构的声辐射和振动能量流进行了测量分析，给出了它们声振特性的动态结果，确定出了甲板各个部分的声辐射量、振动能量流和相互间的一些联系，为装甲车辆减振降噪措施的合理化提供了依据，具有一定的实际应用意义。     

微型车车外声强测试影响因素分析

为了提高微型车车外声强测试的精度，本文在声强测试原理的基础上，通过试验的方法，分析了发动机转速、测点布置、测偏角度、测量距离、背景噪声等主要因素对微型车车外声强测试的影响，提出了微型车车外声强测试中精度控制的方法。该项研究结果对后续的微型车噪声源定位、声源排序打下了基础，其精度控制法可以推到其它小型车辆的车外降噪工作中。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the